industry insights

Recent research emphasizes the potential environmental benefits of increasing the average lifespan of buildings.

This shift, coupled with a 20% reduction in building size, could reduce carbon emissions from these structures by two-thirds, according to Urban embodied carbon assessment: methodology and insights from analyzing over a million buildings in Chicago, by Slavash Ghorbany and Ming Hu. The study highlights how design strategies focusing on longevity and right-sizing can offer profound environmental impacts, helping to mitigate both embodied and operational carbon emissions, critical components of the building sector's climate footprint.

What are the Differences Between Embodied and Operational Carbon?

Buildings generate carbon emissions throughout their life cycle—from material extraction and construction (embodied carbon) to energy consumption during operation (operational carbon). Operational emissions can be mitigated over time with energy-efficient upgrades, but embodied carbon is “locked in” at the time of construction, making it critical to address upfront. In fact, embodied carbon currently represents about half of the building sector's total emissions, and as buildings become more energy-efficient, the relative importance of these upfront emissions increases.

The study underscores that extending the service life of buildings delays the need for new construction, directly reducing emissions associated with material extraction, manufacturing, and transportation. It also helps reduce waste and curbs emissions linked to demolition and disposal processes. The research suggests that this strategy becomes even more potent when combined with a thoughtful reduction in building size, aligning spaces with actual needs without compromising functionality.

Benefits of Extending Building Lifespan

Longer-lasting buildings offer several environmental and economic benefits. First, by reducing the frequency of demolition and reconstruction, material demand decreases, lowering the need for high-carbon materials like concrete and steel. Cement, for example, is one of the most carbon-intensive materials, contributing nearly 8% of global carbon emissions. A longer building lifespan spreads the carbon footprint over more years, reducing annual emissions significantly.

In addition, focusing on durability encourages better-quality construction, incentivizing the use of sustainable materials and technologies. A longer service life reduces the cumulative environmental impact of periodic renovations and replacements, minimizing waste and disruptions.

The Power of Right-Sizing: Reducing Building Size by 20%

Reducing building size by 20% further amplifies these benefits. Smaller structures not only require fewer materials but also reduce energy demand for heating, cooling, and lighting. This leads to lower operational emissions over the building’s lifespan. Architects and urban planners can leverage modular designs and multi-functional spaces to ensure smaller buildings remain efficient and comfortable for occupants.

Downsizing also offers economic advantages, as smaller projects tend to have lower construction and maintenance costs. Developers may find these savings align with environmental goals, especially as regulations evolve to promote low-carbon construction practices.

Complementary Strategies: Adaptive Reuse and Efficient Design

Increasing building longevity and reducing size are just two strategies in a broader movement toward sustainable construction. Adaptive reuse —repurposing old buildings for new uses—offers a way to avoid demolition altogether. This approach reduces embodied carbon while preserving historical or cultural value. Similarly, whole-building life cycle assessments (WBLCA) can guide designers to minimize carbon footprints by choosing low-emission materials and optimizing structural systems.

Emerging technologies also hold promise. For example, using mass timber instead of steel in construction can reduce embodied carbon, as timber sequesters carbon throughout its lifecycle. Advances in carbon capture and clinker-free cement alternatives may further reduce the emissions associated with key building materials.

Preparing for a Low-Carbon Future

Policymakers and industry leaders are increasingly recognizing the importance of addressing embodied carbon. Certifications such as LEED, BREEAM, and the Living Building Challenge now emphasize whole-building assessments to encourage sustainable construction practices. Some jurisdictions are introducing carbon taxes and procurement policies to incentivize low-emission designs.

Extending building lifespan and reducing size align with these broader trends, helping developers future-proof their projects against emerging regulations. These strategies also resonate with global efforts to keep warming below 1.5°C, as they reduce emissions locked into the built environment.

The study concludes that strategic changes in the building sector, such as increasing lifespans to 75 or 80 years and reducing building size by 20%, can have a transformative impact, slashing carbon emissions by two-thirds. These approaches exemplify how thoughtful design choices can reduce both embodied and operational carbon, providing a pathway toward a more sustainable future. As construction continues to expand worldwide, implementing these strategies becomes essential in meeting climate goals and creating resilient urban environments.

GPRS Services Support Building Remodels

By adopting longer lifespans and right-sized designs, the building industry can play a crucial role in reducing global emissions, setting a precedent for sustainability that benefits both the planet and future generations.

GPRS supports building remodels and renovations through our comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention, existing conditions documentation, and construction & facilities project management services. From skyscrapers to sewer lines, we Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

Is GPRS able to distinguish between different types of underground utilities when conducting a private utility locate?

In most situations, we can identify the utility in question without any problems, although it is not always possible to determine what type of utility is present. When this happens, we attempt to trace the utility to a valve, meter, control box, or other signifying markers to determine the type of utility buried.

What types of concrete scanning does GPRS provide?

GPRS provides two specific but different scanning services: elevated concrete slab scanning and concrete slab-on-grade locating. Elevated concrete slab scanning involves detecting embedded electrical conduits, rebar, post-tension cables, and more before core drilling a hole through the slab. Performing a concrete slab-on-grade locating service typically involves scanning a trench line for conduits before conducting saw cutting and trenching to install a sanitary pipe, water line, or something similar.

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The construction and operation of buildings account for nearly 40% of global carbon emissions, highlighting the need for sustainable practices.

Whole-Building Life Cycle Assessments (WBLCA) have emerged as a powerful tool for evaluating the environmental impact of buildings from cradle to grave. A WBLCA provides an in-depth look at the carbon footprint of a structure throughout its entire lifespan—offering essential insights for architects, developers, and policymakers aiming to minimize emissions and environmental harm.

What is a Whole-Building Life Cycle Assessment?

A WBLCA evaluates the environmental impact of a building across its entire life cycle, from material extraction to demolition and disposal. Unlike traditional assessments that focus only on operational energy use (like heating and cooling), WBLCA captures both embodied carbon and operational carbon. This broader view allows stakeholders to make informed decisions that reduce emissions not only during a building’s use phase but also throughout the construction and end-of-life phases.

The life cycle of a building generally involves several key stages:

1. Material extraction and production – Mining, refining, and manufacturing building materials.
2. Construction – Transporting materials to the site and assembling the building.
3. Operation and maintenance – Energy and resource consumption throughout the building's life.
4. Renovation – Emissions from periodic upgrades, repairs, or material replacements.
5. Demolition and disposal – Emissions from dismantling the building and managing construction waste.

By covering all these phases, WBLCA offers a more comprehensive view of the environmental impact of a building, enabling strategies to reduce emissions at every stage.

Key Components of a WBLCA

1. Embodied Carbon Analysis

• Embodied carbon refers to the emissions generated from material extraction, manufacturing, and construction activities. For many modern buildings, a significant portion of carbon emissions occurs before the building is even occupied. Cement, steel, and aluminum, common building materials, are highly carbon intensive

2. Operational Carbon Assessment

• This component analyzes energy consumption during the building’s operational phase. It includes emissions from heating, cooling, electricity, and water use. With advances in energy-efficient technologies, operational emissions are becoming easier to control, but they remain a crucial part of the building’s environmental footprint

3. Material Reuse and Recycling Potential

• A WBLCA examines the potential for reusing or recycling building components at the end of the structure’s life. Incorporating recyclable materials and designing for easy disassembly can significantly reduce end-of-life emissions

Why Conduct a WBLCA?

A WBLCA is essential for achieving sustainable construction. Here are some of the key reasons why architects and developers increasingly rely on it:

1. Identify Carbon Hotspots

• WBLCA reveals which materials or processes contribute the most to a building’s carbon footprint. This insight allows stakeholders to focus on reducing emissions where it matters most, such as by substituting high-carbon materials with greener alternatives

2. Optimize Design for Sustainability

• WBLCA supports eco-friendly design decisions. For example, it may encourage the use of mass timber instead of steel or the incorporation of renewable energy systems. It also helps determine whether retrofitting an existing building is more sustainable than constructing a new one

3. Meet Green Building Standards

• Many certification programs, such as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) and BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method), require WBLCA as part of their criteria. WBLCA aligns building projects with these certifications, making them more attractive to investors and tenants focused on sustainability

4. Future-Proofing Buildings

• As regulations tighten around carbon emissions, WBLCA helps developers comply with future policies. With cities moving toward carbon-neutral building requirements, conducting a life cycle assessment ensures that buildings remain in compliance with evolving regulations

How to Put WBLCA into Practice on Your Project

A thorough WBLCA follows several structured stages to provide actionable insights:

1. Goal and Scope Definition

• At this initial stage, stakeholders determine the purpose of the assessment and what phases of the building’s life cycle to include. Some assessments may focus solely on embodied carbon, while others aim to capture both operational and embodied emissions

2. Inventory Analysis  

• This step involves gathering data on all materials, energy, and processes involved in constructing, operating, and decommissioning the building. It covers materials like concrete, steel, wood, and glass, as well as energy sources used during operation

3. Impact Assessment  

• Using specialized software tools, such as One Click LCA or Tally, the environmental impacts of the building are quantified. This analysis can evaluate a variety of metrics, such as global warming potential (GWP), water use, and resource depletion

4. Interpretation and Recommendations

• The final stage involves analyzing the results and providing recommendations for improvement. This could include switching to low-carbon materials, improving energy efficiency, or extending the building's lifespan

Challenges in Conducting a WBLCA

Despite its many benefits, conducting a WBLCA can be complex and requires careful planning. Some of the challenges include:

• Data Availability and Quality: Reliable data on the carbon content of materials or construction processes is not always accessible, which can limit the accuracy of the assessment
• Software and Expertise: WBLCA requires specialized tools and expertise, making it a more demanding process compared to traditional energy audits
• Time and Cost Constraints: Conducting a WBLCA adds time and cost to the design phase, which may be challenging for developers working on tight schedules

However, many of these challenges can be mitigated with the growing availability of databases and streamlined software tools, along with the increasing familiarity of design teams with WBLCA principles.

Examples of WBLCA in Action

Several projects have successfully integrated WBLCA into their design process, demonstrating its value:

• Bullitt Center, Seattle: Dubbed the greenest commercial building in the world, the Bullitt Center used WBLCA to minimize embodied carbon using sustainable materials and a design focused on long-term durability
• The Edge, Amsterdam: This office building uses energy-efficient systems and smart technologies, guided by WBLCA insights, to maintain a low carbon footprint over its lifetime

These examples highlight how a commitment to life cycle assessment can lead to innovative designs that balance sustainability and functionality.

The Future of WBLCA in the Building Industry

As the building sector faces mounting pressure to reduce emissions, WBLCA will play a pivotal role in shaping future construction practices. Several trends are emerging that may drive wider adoption:

• Integration with Digital Tools: Building Information Modeling (BIM) systems are increasingly incorporating WBLCA modules, making it easier to conduct assessments during the design phase
• Regulatory Support: Governments are beginning to mandate life cycle assessments for new construction, especially in urban areas aiming for net-zero emissions by 2050
• Focus on Circular Economy: WBLCA supports the transition toward a circular economy by encouraging the reuse of materials and reducing waste through better design

How GPRS Services Support WBLCA

Whole-Building Life Cycle Assessments offer a comprehensive approach to understanding and minimizing the environmental impact of buildings. By capturing emissions across all stages—from construction to demolition—WBLCA provides critical insights that enable developers and architects to make sustainable design choices. While challenges remain in terms of data availability and complexity, the growing emphasis on carbon reduction and green building certifications ensures that WBLCA will become a standard part of the design and construction process.

As the construction industry moves toward a more sustainable future, WBLCA serves as a vital tool for reducing carbon footprints and aligning building projects with global climate goals. Through thoughtful implementation, it enables the creation of buildings that are not only environmentally responsible but also economically viable and resilient for generations to come.

GPRS existing conditions documentation services support WBLCA, ensuring you and your team stay on time, on budget, and safe. We offer 2-4mm accurate 3D laser scanning and BIM services to visualize the built world both above and below ground, giving you a complete and accurate picture what your job site.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a design intent and as-built model?

DESIGN INTENT – deliverables will be shown as a "best fit" to the point cloud working within customary standards, such as walls being modeled 90 degrees perpendicular to the floor, pipes and conduit modeled straight, floors and ceilings modeled horizontal, and steel members modeled straight. This will produce cleaner 2D drawings and will allow for easier dimensioning of the scan area. The deliverables will not exactly follow the scan data to maintain design intent standards. Most clients will want this option for their deliverables.

AS-BUILTS – deliverables will be shown as close as possible to actual field capture. If walls are out of plumb, pipes and conduit show sag, floors and ceilings are unlevel, steel members show camber, etc., this will be reflected in the model. This will produce reality-capture deliverables, but 2D drawings may show “crooked” or out of plumb lines, floors will be sloped or contoured, steel members may show camber, twisting or impact damage. Dimensioning will not be as easy due being out of plumbness/levelness, etc. This option should be used when the exact conditions of the scan area is imperative. Clients using the data for fabrication, forensic analysis, bolt hole patterns, camber/sag/deformation analysis, and similar needs would require this option.

What deliverables can GPRS provide when conducting 3D laser scanning services?

We can provide 3D modeling in many formats such as:

• Point Cloud Data (Raw Data)
• 2D CAD Drawings
• 3D Non-Intelligent Models
• 3D BIM Models
• JetStream Viewer

Customizable Deliverables Upon Request include:

• Aerial Photogrammetry
• Comparative Analysis
• Deformation Analysis
• Digital Drawings of GPR Markings
• Floor Flatness Analysis/Contour Mapping
• New Construction Accuracy Analysis/Comparative Analysis
• Point Cloud Modeling Training Webinars
• Reconciliation of Clients 2D Design Drawings
• Reconciliation of Clients 3D Design Model
• Structural Steel Shape Probability Analysis
• Template Modeling
• Volume Calculations
• Wall Plumb Analysis

A sinkhole left one Texas community with a massive repair bill after it caused significant damage to the municipality’s main sewer line.

According to Community Impact Newspapers, Southern Montgomery County Municipal Utility District (SMC MUD) discovered the sinkhole in the City of Oak Ridge North, Texas. On August 12, Oak Ridge North City Council approved a $45,242 expense to cover the cost of the emergency repairs required to prevent loss of service to city residents.

“There was about 20 linear feet of ductile iron pipe, and a manhole where we had a pretty significant sinkhole that was identified,” said Kim Wright, general manager of SMC MUD. “We have some significant deterioration in this area, and so we have defined a project for this next fiscal year to start addressing this area. It’s approximately just over 1,700 linear feet of ductile iron pipe in this area, and about 14 manholes that we’re looking at rehabbing.”

According to Community Impact’s article, the funding approved by Oak Ridge North’s city council in August will go toward a $138,920 engineering study performed on behalf of SMC MUD to determine the best course of action for repairs.

Wright told the publication that she will return to provide the city’s expenses for the actual reconstruction of the pipeline once a construction bid is completed. This cost will be shared with the other municipalities which are serviced by SMC MUD. Wright said that the total construction estimate is roughly $828,000.

Sinkholes present an often overlooked but significant threat to our infrastructure, especially to buried utilities like water mains, gas pipelines, electrical conduits, and telecommunications cables.

As urban centers expand and aging infrastructure faces new challenges, understanding sinkholes’ impact and how to mitigate their effects is crucial.

Common Causes of Sinkholes

Sinkholes form due to natural and human-induced factors that destabilize the ground beneath the surface, creating a cavity that eventually collapses. Understanding these causes is the first step in developing effective strategies to protect buried utilities.

1. Natural Geological Processes

• Karst Topography: One of the most prevalent natural causes of sinkholes is the dissolution of soluble bedrock, such as limestone, gypsum, or salt, over time. This process, known as karst topography, occurs as groundwater moves through the rock, slowly dissolving it and creating underground voids. Eventually, the surface layer can collapse, creating a sinkhole. Areas with significant karst landscapes, such as Florida and parts of the Midwest, are particularly vulnerable
• Heavy Rainfall and Flooding: When areas receive heavy rainfall or experience flooding, soil and rock layers can become saturated. Excessive water can erode these layers, weakening their structure and increasing the likelihood of a sinkhole. Regions prone to tropical storms, hurricanes, or monsoons are at a higher risk of weather-induced sinkholes
• Drought: In a counterintuitive twist, drought conditions can also lead to sinkholes. As water levels drop, underground voids that were once supported by water pressure can collapse, causing the ground above to sink

2. Human-Induced Causes

• Water Infrastructure Leaks: Aging water infrastructure, especially in older cities, is prone to leaks that can erode surrounding soil over time, leading to sinkholes. Leaking water mains or sewer lines gradually wash away soil, creating voids that eventually cause the ground to collapse
• Construction and Excavation: Construction activities that involve heavy machinery or deep excavation can destabilize nearby soil, especially in areas with loose or sandy ground. Blasting, pile driving, or removing large volumes of earth can cause localized sinkholes by disturbing the natural equilibrium of the soil
• Mining and Drilling: Extractive activities, such as mining and drilling for oil or natural gas, can contribute to sinkholes. By removing subsurface materials, these activities leave behind voids that can collapse over time. Even abandoned mines, which are sometimes overlooked, can pose a long-term sinkhole risk if not properly managed

Prevention Strategies to Minimize Sinkhole Risk

While sinkholes are challenging to prevent entirely, especially in high-risk regions, certain strategies can mitigate their occurrence and limit the associated risks to infrastructure.

1. Regular Infrastructure Inspections and Maintenance: Conducting frequent inspections of underground utilities, especially older water and sewage systems, is essential to identify leaks or weaknesses that could lead to sinkholes. Utility companies often use advanced technologies, like ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and acoustic leak detection, to detect anomalies beneath the surface. Early detection allows for prompt repairs, preventing small issues from escalating into full-blown sinkhole crises.
2. Improving Drainage and Water Management: Adequate drainage systems help reduce soil saturation during heavy rainfalls, which is critical in minimizing sinkhole risk. Installing systems that channel water away from vulnerable areas and maintain groundwater levels can prevent destabilizing soil erosion. In urban areas, replacing impervious surfaces like concrete with permeable materials can reduce runoff and allow better water absorption into the ground.
3. Responsible Construction Practices: In construction projects, soil studies and geotechnical surveys are crucial to assess potential sinkhole risks before breaking ground. Building on stable ground and avoiding construction in high-risk karst areas, when possible, can significantly reduce sinkhole formation. Additionally, reinforcing underground utility installations with protective layers, such as concrete or other materials, can help maintain stability.
4. Policy and Zoning Regulations: City planners and policymakers play a role in minimizing sinkhole risk by enforcing regulations that prevent construction in high-risk areas. Zoning regulations can restrict development in regions with significant karst topography or where there is a history of sinkholes. In regions where development must occur in vulnerable areas, stricter building codes and mitigation requirements can provide additional safeguards.

Protecting Buried Utilities from Sinkhole Damage

For utilities buried beneath the ground, sinkholes represent a critical vulnerability. Fortunately, there are strategies and technologies that can offer some level of protection.

1. Robust Utility Installation Standards: The materials and methods used to bury utilities impact their resilience to ground movement. Installing pipes, cables, and conduits in a protective casing, such as concrete, helps shield them from soil shifts caused by sinkholes. Reinforced materials can also absorb some of the pressure created by a collapsing void, reducing the likelihood of complete failure.
2. Utility Placement and Depth Considerations: When installing new utilities, carefully selecting the depth and location can reduce the risk of damage from sinkholes. In areas with known sinkhole risks, utilities should be buried deeper or rerouted to more stable regions. Situating utilities away from water-logged soil or natural drainage paths also helps protect them from soil erosion.
3. Monitoring and Detection Systems: Installing sensors along utility lines can help detect early signs of potential sinkhole formation. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR), for example, can detect voids beneath the surface, allowing utility companies to act proactively. Advanced warning systems can alert crews to shifts in the ground, enabling quick intervention to prevent or mitigate sinkhole damage.
4. Relocating Critical Utilities: In regions with a high incidence of sinkholes, it may be necessary to relocate critical infrastructure to minimize damage risks. In such cases, utility companies can assess the most vulnerable utilities and move them to safer areas or use above-ground installations if feasible. While expensive, relocating essential utilities reduces the long-term risks and costs associated with frequent sinkhole damage.

A Proactive Approach to Sinkhole Management

With a combination of technology, infrastructure investment, and regulatory planning, it’s possible to reduce the impact of sinkholes on buried utilities, ensuring this infrastructure remains secure despite the challenges posed by these geological threats.

GPRS is proud to offer a comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention, existing conditions documentation, and construction & facilities project management services and products designed to keep you on time, on budget, and safe. Our 99.8%+ accurate utility locating services help you find, and map buried infrastructure, ensuring you know where you can and can’t safely dig during excavation projects and helping you prevent sinkholes by identifying trouble areas where voids may be forming underground.

Our Video Pipe Inspection services utilize remote-controlled sewer inspection rovers and push-fed sewer scopes equipped with CCTV cameras and traceable instrument probes, so we can inspect your buried sewer lines for defects and damage at the same time we’re mapping these critical utilities. And using acoustic leak detectors and leak detection (also known as leak noise) correlators, we can pinpoint leaks in buried water lines that, if left untreated, could deteriorate the surrounding soil and cause sinkholes.

All this crucial infrastructure data needs to be at your fingertips when and where you need it. That’s why GPRS created SiteMap^® (patent pending) a facility & project management application that provides existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people. Easily, yet securely accessible 24/7 via computer, tablet, or smartphone, SiteMap^® ensures you and your team have the accurate, complete data you need to plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better.

GPRS’ SiteMap^® team members are currently scheduling live, personal SiteMap^® demos. Click below to schedule your demo today!

Frequently Asked Questions

Can ground penetrating radar scanning determine the exact size of a subsurface void cavity?

No. GPR scanners can identify the area where a void is likely occurring, and the boundaries of this space. It cannot measure the void’s depth.

How far into the ground can GPR penetrate?

It depends on the application and external factors.

For precision concrete scanning, GPR can typically penetrate 18”-24” into the ground. When locating buried utilities on grass, asphalt, or concrete, the antenna can generally penetrate up to 8’, but this can vary greatly depending on site conditions.

To compensate for GPR’s limitations, GPRS’ SIM-certified Project Managers are specially trained to utilize complimentary technology such as electromagnetic (EM) locating.

The advanced age of most buried water, sewer, and gas pipelines in the U.S. has led to an ever-increasing need for maintenance and repairs to this critical infrastructure.

One innovative method that has become essential in addressing aging underground pipelines is static pipe bursting. This trenchless technology offers an efficient way to replace deteriorated pipes with minimal surface disruption.

What Is Static Pipe Bursting?

Static pipe bursting is a method used to replace old or damaged underground pipelines with new pipes of the same or larger diameter. Unlike traditional excavation methods that require digging up long stretches of land, static pipe bursting uses a trenchless approach, minimizing the impact on surface structures, roadways, and landscapes.

In this process, the old pipe is split or burst from within using a hydraulic pulling force applied to a bursting head, while a new pipe is pulled into place simultaneously. This method is called “static” because it relies on constant pulling pressure instead of dynamic impact or pneumatic tools, providing greater control and reduced vibrations during the replacement.

How Static Pipe Bursting Works

The static pipe bursting process involves several key steps, each of which plays a vital role in ensuring the success of the operation.

1. Site Preparation and Launch Pit Installation

Before the bursting begins, small access points called launch and reception pits are excavated at either end of the section to be replaced. These pits are essential for setting up the bursting equipment and positioning the replacement pipe.

2. Insertion of Bursting Rods

A series of steel bursting rods are pushed through the existing pipeline from the reception pit to the launch pit. These rods serve as the pulling mechanism, creating a continuous line through the length of the old pipe.

3. Attaching the Bursting Head and New Pipe

At the launch pit, a specialized bursting head is attached to the front end of the rod string. This head features a cutting edge designed to split or break the old pipe as it moves through. The new pipe, typically made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), PVC, or ductile iron, is connected to the rear of the bursting head.

4. Hydraulic Pulling Process

Hydraulic machinery applies steady pulling force to the rod string, drawing the bursting head and new pipe through the old pipeline. As the head progresses, it bursts or splits the existing pipe into fragments, pushing the debris into the surrounding soil.

5. Pipe Replacement Completion

Once the bursting head exits the old pipe and reaches the reception pit, the new pipe is fully installed in the space left by the old one. The rods are disconnected and removed, and the ends of the new pipe are secured and connected to the existing infrastructure.

Applications of Static Pipe Bursting

Static pipe bursting is highly versatile and is used in various infrastructure projects. The technology is especially effective for replacing:

• Sewer lines: Aging sewer systems made from clay, cast iron, or other brittle materials often need replacement. Static pipe bursting is ideal for these situations, especially in residential areas with minimal space for digging
• ‍Water mains: Old water pipelines prone to leaks or contamination are prime candidates for pipe bursting
• Gas lines: Static pipe bursting is used to upgrade gas pipelines, especially where expansion to larger diameters is required to meet increased demand
• Storm drains: Larger-diameter pipes, such as storm drains, can also be replaced using this method, particularly where flooding or blockages are a concern

Advantages of Static Pipe Bursting

One of the key reasons for the growing popularity of static pipe bursting is its numerous advantages over traditional open-cut methods.

1. Minimal Surface Disruption

Unlike traditional methods that require large trenches, static pipe bursting only requires small launch and reception pits. This reduces disruption to roadways, sidewalks, and landscapes, making it ideal for urban areas or environments with sensitive ecosystems.

2. Cost-Effective

Although the initial setup costs can be higher than traditional methods, the overall cost of static pipe bursting is often lower due to reduced labor, quicker project completion, and minimal surface restoration.

3. Increased Pipe Capacity

Static pipe bursting can replace old pipelines with larger-diameter pipes, improving flow capacity and future-proofing infrastructure for population growth and increased demand.

4. Suitable for Various Pipe Materials

This method works well for replacing a wide range of materials, including clay, concrete, cast iron, and steel. Additionally, it allows the installation of modern materials like HDPE, which offers improved durability and resistance to corrosion.

5. Environmentally Friendly

With less excavation required, static pipe bursting minimizes the amount of soil displacement and waste material generated during the project. This makes it a more environmentally friendly solution compared to open-cut excavation.

Challenges and Limitations of Static Pipe Bursting

While static pipe bursting offers many benefits, it is not without its challenges. Understanding these limitations is essential for project planners and engineers.

1. Soil Conditions Matter

The success of static pipe bursting depends heavily on the type of soil surrounding the pipeline. Soft or loose soils may not provide enough resistance for the bursting process, while hard or rocky soils can complicate the operation.

2. Limited to Certain Pipe Sizes

While static pipe bursting can increase the diameter of the replacement pipe, it is usually limited to a diameter increase of up to 30%. For significant upsizing, other methods may need to be considered.

3. Risk of Pipe Collapse or Misalignment

In cases where the old pipe is severely degraded or crushed, the bursting process may encounter difficulties. There is also a small risk that the new pipe could misalign during installation, requiring additional adjustments.

4. Access Constraints

The need for launch and reception pits means that some areas with limited access may pose challenges for static pipe bursting. For example, pipelines running beneath densely developed properties may require alternative methods.

Key Equipment Used in Static Pipe Bursting

Several specialized tools and machines are essential for the static pipe bursting process:

• Hydraulic Power Unit: This machine provides the constant pulling force needed to move the rod string and bursting head through the old pipe
• Bursting Rods: Steel rods are connected end-to-end to create a continuous pulling line
• Bursting Head: The cone-shaped head splits the old pipe and pushes the fragments outward, making room for the new pipe
• New Pipe Material: HDPE is the most commonly used material for replacement pipes due to its flexibility and resistance to corrosion
• Guidance and Alignment Tools: Laser guidance systems or CCTV cameras may be used to ensure proper alignment during the pulling process

Best Practices for Successful Pipe Bursting Projects

To maximize the effectiveness of static pipe bursting, several best practices should be followed:

1. Preliminary Inspection: Conduct a thorough inspection of the existing pipeline using CCTV cameras or other diagnostic tools to identify potential obstacles, such as collapsed sections or blockages.
2. Soil Testing: Analyze the soil conditions along the pipe route to assess suitability for bursting.
3. Proper Equipment Sizing: Use equipment that matches the diameter and length of the pipeline being replaced to ensure efficient operation.
4. Experienced Operators: Hire contractors with expertise in pipe bursting to reduce the risk of complications during the project.
5. Post-Installation Inspection: After installation, conduct pressure testing and camera inspections to confirm the integrity and alignment of the new pipe.

GPRS Ensures Safety & Success of Maintenance & Repair Projects

Static pipe bursting is a powerful trenchless technology that has revolutionized the way aging underground infrastructure is replaced. With its ability to minimize surface disruption, reduce project costs, and install larger, more durable pipes, it has become a go-to solution for many municipalities and contractors.

Whenever you’re working with or around buried utilities, having a complete and accurate map of that infrastructure is critical to the safety and success of that project.

GPRS provides 99.8% accurate utility locating and mapping services, utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanners and electromagnetic (EM) locators to visualize what’s below your job site. And our Video Pipe Inspection services use remote-controlled, CCTV camera-equipped sewer inspection rovers and push-fed sewer scopes to not only map buried pipelines but also provide NASSCO-certified reporting on the integrity of these utilities.

From sewer lines to skyscrapers, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What do I get when I hire GPRS to conduct a utility locate?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor. Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

What deliverables does GPRS offer when conducting a video pipe inspection (VPI)?

GPRS is proud to offer WinCan reporting to our Video Pipe Inspection clients. Maintaining sewers starts with understanding sewer condition, and WinCan allows GPRS Project Managers to collect detailed, NASSCO-compliant inspection data. GPRS Project Managers not only inspect the interior condition of sewer pipes, laterals, and manholes – they can also provide a map of their location. The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Department can provide detailed GPS overlays and CAD files. Our detailed WinCan/NASSCO reports contain screenshots of the interior condition of the pipe segments that we inspect, as well as a video file for further evaluation, documentation, and/or reference.

Does GPRS offer lateral launch services?

Yes, we offer lateral launch capabilities as part of our standard Video Pipe Inspection services.

Propmodo, the digital publication that explores the intersection of technical innovation, real estate, technology, and construction, recently discussed the trends in adaptive reuse development, the financial considerations that landlords and developers have to take into account, and why some are opting for “the wrecking ball instead of conversions.”

Why Demo an Office Space?

The average age of an office building in the U.S. is 50 years, which means that unless owners have invested in MRO (maintenance, repairs, and operations) on an ongoing basis, the up-front cost to adapt a building from the 1970s or older, can be prohibitive. Meeting current regulatory requirements, following sustainable building practices, and changing climate considerations make repurposing corporate or industrial spaces into multi-family residences a non-starter for smaller portfolios.

“Small landlords needing more capital or knowledge to complete conversion projects face more challenges. Some are turning to the wrecking ball instead.” – Propmodo

Market experts, like Corian Enterprises’ CEO Fred Cordova, see real estate’s number one axiom, “location, location, location” as one of the deciding factors. “There will be a bifurcation,” he told Fortune in February of 2024. “The product in a good location with a good, safe environment will recover… And then you have the others that are basically worth nothing – the D class. Those just have to be torn down. That’s probably at least 30% of all offices in the country.”

Commercial real estate, like office buildings, is categorized into classes: A, B, C, and D. As the naming convention suggests, Class A buildings are the newest, outfitted with the latest materials, HVAC & MEP systems, and design features, and are considered the most desirable by commercial real estate investors. While Class D buildings are 30 years old or older with few to no upgrades/renovations, in areas often lacking retail, restaurants, transportation, and are the least desirable for financing.  

So, is adaptive reuse a fad whose time is coming to an end? Not at all. In fact, more developers and building owners are opting for adaptive reuse than ever before.

Saving Iconic Buildings with Adaptive Reuse is a Large Developer Game

Propmodo notes that large developers, like SL Green, Silverstein Properties, and RXR Realty gather “splashy” headlines for their adaptive reuse projects due to their deep pockets and experience. GPRS recently reported on the adaptive reuse development taking place at New York’s iconic Flatiron Building, which is another example of a large developer taking advantage of prime location and famous architecture to convert offices into housing.

However, an architectural landmark in the middle of America’s prairie – Frank Lloyd Wright’s only skyscraper, Price Tower, in Bartlesville, Oklahoma – may be demolished, depending on the outcome of a now-postponed auction and a lawsuit filed by a potential purchaser. The Frank Lloyd Wright Conservancy has also filed suit against the current owners.

Existing Conditions’ President, Jared Curtis, who is an expert in adaptive reuse for historical buildings, shared his thoughts on Price Tower’s precarious position.

“Adaptive reuse or significant investment in Price Tower is objectively less viable compared to many other properties in more strategically positioned urban centers. Unfortunately, regardless of its architectural significance, this results in the possibility of demolition because its location in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, is economically and geographically challenging.”

Adapt, Deconstruct, or Demolish – Which Choice is Right for You?

Trends tracked by Axios before, during, and after the pandemic demonstrated a significant spike in demolitions through the middle of 2023, with more than 20 million sq. ft. demoed in 2022, and 14.7 million sq. ft. demoed in just the first half of 2023, outpacing pre-Covid annual demolitions by more than double.

For those who do choose demolition, there may be more profitable and sustainable choices than simply blowing a building up or knocking it down.

The first step is to determine your objective with the demolition. The basic questions to ask as you consider demo vs. deconstruction are:

• Are you simply clearing way for new construction?

• What is the time frame in which you need to demo the property?

• What is your budget for the demo?

If you are in search of a “quick and dirty” solution, demolition may be your answer. Even with this method, however, you must do your due diligence with site preparation, like finding all the public and private buried utility lines, assessing the impact of the demolition on surrounding properties, and taking steps to mitigate environmental impacts.

If, however, you can take the time to salvage whole materials, you can realize significant tax write-offs for donating the salvage, or you can resell it outright for profit. The up-front cost will be higher than a straight demo, but the “use impact,” can be slashed to as much as 12 times lower than demolition by providing construction material reuse.

According to 2020’s Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction, the civil construction sector alone produces 38% of global CO2 emissions. Cutting emissions is an emerging focus of commercial construction in the U.S., as the nation pushes toward a more sustainable future, while helping companies and facilities meet their ESG goals.

How Much Does Commercial Building Demolition Cost?

According to industry sources, straight demolition – just knocking down a building – is much faster than deconstruction. However, it will still cost $8 per sq. ft. or more for commercial space, and an estimated $25,000 total for a single-family home, and that’s if you’re keeping the foundation intact.

By comparison, adaptive reuse developers like Corian’s Cordova are spending as much as $450 per sq. ft. to convert offices spaces.

“[We used to be involved with] conversions that cost $75 to $150 a foot. Now the market rate is $350. For high-end luxury, it’s $450. The economic model is very challenging for conversion.”

However, local, state, and federal adaptive reuse programs are providing grants and subsidies to offset conversion costs, whether they come in the form of tax credits, outright grants, or the $35 billion earmarked by the Biden administration for commercial loans well below market rate for developers.

Regardless of which path you choose, site preparation, existing conditions documentation, and project data management are vital to a safe and successful project. GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World® for customers nationwide. What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What is involved in site preparation before demolition?

It is important to create a plan for your demolition to ensure a safe, efficient demo. Some of the information you need to create that plan include a comprehensive subsurface utility map, deciding how you will handle the impact on neighboring properties, a full-site scan or building survey to assess the materials and structural stability of the building you plan to demo, and a plan for how you will remove structural demolition waste, along with acquiring the proper permitting for your demolition project.

John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) is embarking on a cutting-edge renewable energy project as part of its $19 billion transformation initiative led by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ).

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Terminal One, a new all-international terminal, will host the largest solar array at any U.S. airport, delivering sustainable energy through an advanced 12-megawatt (MW) microgrid. Designed to enhance energy reliability and reduce carbon emissions, the microgrid integrates solar power, fuel cells, and battery storage—offering a resilient, sustainable solution for powering half of the terminal’s daily operations.

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GPRS provides full site visualization and management for renewable energy projects. Learn about our work with California’s largest solar microgrid  and EV charging project, here.

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Project Overview: Integrating Renewable Power with Energy Storage

The Terminal One solar array consists of 13,000 panels spanning the terminal roof, generating 6.63 MW of electricity. The array will work in tandem with 3.84 MW of fuel cells and a 1.5 MW (3.34 megawatt-hour) battery energy storage system, creating one of the most advanced microgrids in the country. Together, these components form a localized energy system capable of operating independently from the main grid, ensuring uninterrupted power even during outages.

“The microgrid design incorporates four smaller microgrids working as one system,” Juan Macias, CEO of AlphaStruxure, the firm responsible for construction, operations, and maintenance explained to Construction Dive. “This design ensures greater resilience by allowing each component—solar, batteries, and fuel cells—to function autonomously if needed.” Rack structures are currently being assembled on the terminal roof to prepare for the solar panel installation.

The microgrid’s distributed energy model will provide electricity and recover heat from the fuel cells to generate chilled and hot water. The result is a more efficient energy system that supports the terminal’s operations while contributing to its sustainability goals.

Overcoming Challenges with Energy-as-a-Service

In an environment where airports face increasing energy demands, delayed grid connections, and the risks associated with grid outages, microgrids offer a practical solution. “Plugging into the grid takes longer, costs more, and isn’t always reliable or clean,” said Jana Gerber, President of Schneider Electric Microgrid North America. “Meanwhile, energy demand is rising, ambitious climate goals must be met, and outages are a growing threat.”

The project leverages an Energy-as-a-Service (EaaS) model, financed by Carlyle and implemented by Schneider Electric and AlphaStruxure. This model eliminates upfront capital expenditures for PANYNJ and ensures predictable energy costs through a long-term service agreement. “The EaaS model allows the terminal to lock in operational savings and sustainability outcomes from day one,” Macias noted.

Schneider Electric’s EcoStruxure platform serves as the backbone of the microgrid, integrating building management with energy controls. The system enables facility managers to monitor energy consumption, control lighting and temperature, and optimize operations in real time. “The building management system will ensure optimal comfort for occupants and deliver the data needed to enhance energy efficiency,” Gerber added.

A Landmark Project in the JFK Redevelopment

The JFK redevelopment project, of which the new Terminal One is a key element, aims to modernize the airport with a focus on sustainability and community engagement. The $19 billion investment includes two new terminals, expanded and upgraded existing terminals, and a new roadway network. Of the total investment, $15 billion comes from private sources, with $3.9 billion allocated to infrastructure improvements.

“When the new terminal is complete, it will be the largest at Kennedy Airport, so we are particularly pleased to incorporate on-site power using a green energy source,” said PANYNJ Executive Director Rick Cotton to Solar Power World. “This massive solar array is a unique and innovative solution that reduces our carbon footprint and supports our goal of achieving net-zero emissions.”

In addition to the Terminal One microgrid, PANYNJ and the New York Power Authority are developing a 12 MW solar canopy at JFK’s long-term parking lot, further enhancing the airport’s renewable energy infrastructure. This project will include a 7.5 MW battery storage system and 6 MW of community solar, reinforcing JFK’s commitment to clean energy.

Benefits for Facility Managers and Project Stakeholders

The Terminal One microgrid presents several advantages for facility managers, architects, and engineers, making it a model for future airport projects.

• Energy Reliability and Resilience: With multiple power sources and integrated storage, the microgrid can operate independently, ensuring uninterrupted service even during grid disruptions.

• Cost Predictability and Operational Savings: The EaaS model eliminates financial risk for the airport by providing a predictable operating budget without upfront capital investments.

• Sustainability Leadership: The project aligns with PANYNJ’s broader environmental goals, demonstrating the feasibility of large-scale renewable energy solutions in complex infrastructure environments.

• Data-Driven Operations: The EcoStruxure platform offers real-time monitoring and management tools, empowering facility managers to make informed decisions about energy use and system performance.

A Blueprint for the Future of Sustainable Airports

The JFK Terminal One microgrid exemplifies how large-scale facilities can integrate renewable energy to meet operational needs while advancing sustainability goals. By combining solar power, fuel cells, and battery storage into an automated system, the project sets a new standard for airport energy management. The use of an EaaS model further enhances financial and operational efficiency, reducing risk and ensuring long-term performance.

This forward-thinking approach makes Terminal One not just a transportation hub but a showcase for the future of sustainable infrastructure. As airports and other energy-intensive facilities face growing challenges, the JFK microgrid serves as a blueprint for how innovative design and strategic partnerships can deliver resilient, clean energy solutions.

“Airports like JFK are at the forefront of addressing energy challenges with innovative solutions,” Gerber remarked. “This microgrid offers a pathway to meet increasing demand, prevent outages, and support decarbonization efforts—all while enhancing passenger experience.”

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GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World® for customers nationwide. What can we help you visualize?

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Frequently Asked Questions

How to I safely install solar microgrids and carports?

A solar or renewable energy project, like any construction, facility, or renovation project, requires accurate as-built and existing conditions information on the site before breaking ground. Solar arrays are heavy, requiring careful planning and execution of their foundational structures to be sure they can withstand the elements while safely producing energy. That means you need precise locations and depths of all existing buried utilities before you dig. See how GPRS helped Teichert safely install solar carports, here.

Can GPRS help with wind turbine construction?

Yes! We have helped wind farms build more safely all across the country, and even helped companies prefabricate offshore wind turbine parts with 3D laser scanning. Learn more about our wind projects, here.

Electric vehicle (EV) adoption is accelerating worldwide, but public charging infrastructure is struggling to keep pace.

A white paper released by the World Economic Forum (WEF) in September 2024, titled Scaling Investment in EV Charging Infrastructure: A Policy Roadmap for Cities, outlines strategies for municipalities to expand charging networks and ensure EVs become a viable, long-term alternative to gasoline-powered vehicles.  

The report highlights that, while EV sales are soaring, innovation is essential for these vehicles to meet—and eventually surpass—the utility of gas-powered cars.

"While many cities have made significant progress, others face challenges providing accessible and affordable infrastructure,” Vivian Brady-Phillips, Head of Strategic Initiatives at the WEF, noted in the paper.

EV Adoption on the Rise  

Once a niche part of the auto industry, EVs have seen rapid growth, driven by technological improvements, government incentives, and expanding charging networks. U.S. consumers purchased over 1.4 million EVs in 2023—a 50% increase from 2022—bringing the total number of EVs on American roads to 3.3 million by the year’s end, according to reports from Argonne National Laboratory and Experian Automotive.  

Government support has also played a pivotal role. U.S. Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm pointed to 170,000 public EV chargers available nationwide by January 2024, with 900 new chargers being added each week.

“These developments are part of an inevitable shift toward a thriving electric transportation sector,” Granholm said in a press release emphasizing the momentum building around EV adoption.  

Challenges in Charging Infrastructure  

Despite progress, the industry faces significant roadblocks. Tesla, a leader in fast-charging networks, created turbulence when it announced layoffs in its charging station installation team and plans to slow investment. Though Tesla reversed some of these decisions, CEO Elon Musk’s promise to invest $500 million in new Superchargers did little to quell concerns across the industry.  

Tesla’s dominance, aided by federal funding from the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) program, underscores the critical role private investment plays in developing a reliable charging network. However, a patchwork of efforts from automakers, retailers, and utilities leaves gaps in coverage. Without chargers as ubiquitous as gas stations, range anxiety—fear of running out of battery mid-journey—remains a barrier to wider EV adoption.  

Another pressing challenge is the strain on power grids. A single EV can draw as much electricity as a home during peak energy use, making widespread EV adoption a potential burden on local utilities.

Innovations Paving the Way  

The WEF report highlights several innovations aimed at overcoming infrastructure challenges and encouraging EV adoption, including battery swapping, electrified roads, and solar-powered chargers.

Battery Swapping

Battery swapping allows EV owners to exchange depleted batteries for fully charged ones at designated stations. This model reduces downtime and upfront vehicle costs, as drivers lease battery packs rather than buying them outright. Nio, a Chinese automaker, has led efforts in battery swapping, operating more than 2,300 stations worldwide. Though only a fraction of these stations are profitable, slow-charging at swap stations offers benefits by reducing grid stress and extending battery life.

Electrified Roads

In November 2023, Detroit became the first U.S. city to test an electrified public road equipped with inductive charging technology. Vehicles outfitted with receivers can recharge wirelessly as they travel over this one-mile stretch, developed through a public-private partnership involving Electreon and Ford. Electreon has also pioneered similar projects in Sweden, proving that wireless charging can function even in extreme weather conditions. This technology may eventually complement traditional plug-in chargers, particularly for commercial fleets.

Solar-Powered EV Charging  

Solar-powered chargers present another innovative solution. Six Flags Magic Mountain in California is developing a massive solar carport system, which will provide clean energy to offset the park’s electricity usage while offering 30 EV charging stations. Similarly, cities like Raleigh, North Carolina, are deploying mobile solar chargers, enabling experimentation with charger placement without overloading local grids. These systems create microgrids, reducing dependence on external power sources and enhancing grid resilience.

Looking Ahead  

Although public EV chargers are becoming more accessible—Pew Research reports that 64% of Americans now live within two miles of a public station—there are disparities between urban, suburban, and rural areas. Urban residents enjoy the highest charger availability, with 60% living less than a mile from a station, compared to only 17% of rural residents.  

Despite these improvements, just 17% of Americans express confidence that the U.S. can build the infrastructure necessary to support widespread EV adoption. Industry experts agree that achieving this goal will take time, innovation, and significant investment.

A Promising Future  

Though the transition to an electric future is not without obstacles, the combination of public policy, private investment, and technological innovation is steadily building a foundation for long-term success. If these efforts continue, the shift to emissions-free transportation will not only accelerate but become a permanent fixture in the automotive landscape.

Wherever EV charging infrastructure is installed, knowing what’s buried on that job site is critical to ensuring your project stays on time, on budget, and safe.

GPRS provides 99.8%-accurate utility locating and precision concrete scanning services to protect you and your project from the dangers of subsurface damage. Utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanning and electromagnetic (EM) locating, our SIM-certified Project Managers create a complete and accurate map of your buried infrastructure so you know where you can and can’t safely break ground.

All this field-verified data is at your fingertips 24/7 from any computer, tablet, or smartphone thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ facility and project management application that provides existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^®.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

Who installs EV charging stations?

Anyone who has met the U.S. Department of Energy’s requirements procurement process requirements knows that there are many contractors who claim they install EV chargers, but as with any infrastructure project, hiring a certified electrical contractor, general contractor, and a private and public utility locating & mapping contractor with proven track records with EV charging installation is important.

How much does it cost to install an EV charging station? (public and private)

The base cost of a commercial EV charging station is between $1,000 and $2,500 according to information from the EV Charging Summit. However, that is merely the cost of the unit itself, and those costs change dramatically when looking at home installations.

A Level 1 private (home) EV charger will cost between $300 and $1,000, not including cost to install. A Level 2 home charger, on the other hand, will cost from $700 - $1,800, again not including installation, and commercial public units can cost $12,000 or more for commercial installation.

To help keep costs low, doing your due diligence with complete subsurface facility mapping prior to any excavation is crucial. Accurate utility locating and concrete scanning can mitigate the risk of damages caused by utility strikes and prevent accidents.

Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is a trenchless construction method used to install pipelines, cables, and other utilities underground along a predefined path.

Unlike traditional trenching methods, HDD minimizes surface disruption, making it ideal for projects where infrastructure must pass beneath rivers, railways, roads, or densely populated areas. This technique reduces environmental impact while also delivering a cost-effective solution, especially for long or complex installations.  

Successful HDD projects require thoughtful engineering, balancing complex geometries, geology, risk management, and contractor expertise. Let’s explore the technology of HDD and the essential steps involved in engineering and executing these projects.

How HDD Works  

The HDD process is typically divided into three primary stages:

1. Pilot Hole Drilling: A pilot hole is drilled along the planned path using a steerable drill bit. During this phase, operators carefully navigate the drill head underground to follow the predetermined alignment, using guidance systems to monitor its position and orientation.
2. Reaming the Borehole: Once the pilot hole is complete, the bore is enlarged to accommodate the pipe or conduit through a process called reaming. Reamers are attached to the drill string and pulled back and forth through the hole to gradually widen the bore.
3. Pullback and Installation: In the final stage, the pipe or conduit is pulled through the borehole. The pipe is typically prefabricated and welded into a continuous length above ground before being installed. Bentonite drilling fluid is often used throughout the process to lubricate the borehole, remove cuttings, and stabilize the surrounding soil.

Key Engineering Considerations for HDD  

Designing HDD projects involves addressing various technical, environmental, and logistical challenges. Engineers need to navigate the nuances of site conditions and project constraints while ensuring alignment with industry best practices.

1. Route Selection and Design Geometry: A critical part of any HDD project is determining the alignment and geometry of the bore path. Engineers strive to avoid unnecessary complexity, such as compound curves (where horizontal and vertical bends overlap) or S-curves (opposing bends). These configurations, though sometimes necessary, can increase the pulling loads and place additional stress on the pipe. However, advancements in pilot hole locating technologies and contractor expertise have enabled engineers to execute increasingly complex paths. Compound bends, for example, are now feasible in certain scenarios, if engineers account for the reduced effective radius that occurs when horizontal and vertical curves intersect.
2. Soil and Geological Conditions: A thorough geological investigation is essential for HDD planning. Different soil types—such as soft clay, sand, fractured rock, or shale—pose varying challenges. Fractured rock, for instance, can make it difficult to maintain borehole alignment due to steering difficulties. It also complicates reaming and increases the risk of bore collapse. Conversely, soft soils may require additional stabilization to prevent fluid loss.  
3. Risk Mitigation and Project Feasibility: HDD projects inherently carry risks, particularly in complex environments. Engineers must assess these risks through feasibility studies, balancing the project’s technical demands with the realities of the construction site. These assessments inform decisions about whether a proposed design is both achievable and advisable. One notable aspect of risk mitigation is evaluating how well the contractor’s expertise aligns with the project’s complexity. Designs that push the limits of industry practices are more likely to succeed when experienced contractors are involved early in the process.  

Cross Bores

The biggest risk involved in HDD projects is the creation of cross bores: inadvertent intersections of buried utilities.

A sewer lateral compromised by a cross bore becomes a ticking time bomb. When it eventually becomes clogged and needs cleaning, the cleaning process can result in damage to the other utility line. And if that is a gas line or electrical conduit, the result can be catastrophic.

The best way to mitigate the risk of cross bores is to hire a professional private utility locating and sewer pipe inspection company to fully inspect and map any buried lines in your project area both before and after your HDD project.

Early Contractor Involvement vs. Traditional Project Delivery  

The method of project delivery plays a significant role in the success of HDD installations. Early contractor involvement (ECI) allows engineers and contractors to collaborate from the design stage, ensuring that the project is tailored to the contractor's equipment and methods. This approach helps mitigate risks by aligning the design with construction realities.  

In contrast, the traditional design-bid-build model limits contractor input during the design phase. This forces engineers to make conservative assumptions about contractor capabilities, potentially restricting the use of innovative designs. Although the conservative approach reduces immediate risk, it may also eliminate viable options for more efficient or cost-effective installations.

GPRS Utility Locating, Video Pipe Inspection Services Ensure Safe HDD Projects

Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) represents a powerful tool for installing infrastructure with minimal surface disruption. However, the success of an HDD project depends on the ability to balance innovation with risk management.

GPRS provides 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, and NASSCO-certified video inspection services to ensure the safety and success of your HDD projects.

Utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic locating, we accurately locate and map the buried utilities in your project area. And our remote-controlled sewer inspection rover and push-fed sewer scopes can inspect the integrity of your buried sewer lines to ensure there are no pre-existing problems, such as cross bores, and inspect them again after your project has completed to ensure no new problems were created because of the work.

All this accurate, complete infrastructure data is available 24/7 thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ facility & project management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

From sewer lines to skyscrapers, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What size pipes can GPRS inspect?

Our NASSCO-certified Video Pipe Inspection (VPI) Project Managers can inspect pipes from 2” in diameter and up.

What deliverables does GPRS offer when conducting a VPI?

GPRS is proud to offer WinCan reporting to our Video Pipe Inspection clients. Maintaining sewers starts with understanding sewer condition, and WinCan allows GPRS Project Managers to collect detailed, NASSCO-compliant inspection data. GPRS Project Managers not only inspect the interior condition of sewer pipes, laterals, and manholes – they can also provide a map of their location. The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Department can provide detailed GPS overlays and CAD files. Our detailed WinCan/NASSCO reports contain screenshots of the interior condition of the pipe segments that we inspect, as well as a video file for further evaluation, documentation, and/or reference.

The pre-construction phase is a critical part of any project, setting the foundation for smooth execution and long-term success.

But pre-construction processes can become bottlenecks if not managed properly. Fortunately, there are strategies that can be implemented to improve efficiency during the pre-construction phase, reducing delays and increasing productivity for construction teams, contractors, and clients alike.

Collaborative Planning with Stakeholders

One of the most effective ways to enhance efficiency is to involve all stakeholders—clients, architects, contractors, engineers, and consultants—early in the process. Collaborative planning fosters alignment on goals and expectations, helps avoid miscommunication, and identifies potential challenges from the outset.

How to implement collaborative planning:

• Hold kick-off meetings to define roles, responsibilities, and project scope
• Use charrette workshops—intensive sessions where multidisciplinary teams develop solutions collectively
• Establish a clear communication plan that defines meeting schedules, reporting formats, and communication channels

By aligning all parties early, potential design flaws, budget gaps, and logistical issues can be uncovered before they escalate.

Adopt Building Information Modeling (BIM) Tools

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has become a game-changer in the construction industry. This technology enables a virtual representation of the project, providing a collaborative platform for planning, design, and coordination.

Key benefits of BIM in pre-construction:

• Enhanced visualization: Stakeholders can see the project’s design and identify conflicts before construction begins
• Improved coordination: Clash detection tools in BIM reveal issues between systems—such as plumbing and electrical—at an early stage
• Accurate cost estimation: BIM can integrate with estimation software, streamlining the budgeting process

Investing in BIM tools reduces the risk of rework, minimizes errors, and accelerates the pre-construction process by keeping all data centralized.

Streamline Documentation and Permitting Processes

The pre-construction phase involves managing an array of documentation—contracts, drawings, permits, and compliance reports. A poorly managed document flow can create delays, especially if approvals are required from local authorities.

Best practices for documentation management:

• Use construction management software that organizes and tracks all project documents
• Implement checklists to ensure all required permits and approvals are identified early
• Assign a dedicated permit coordinator to follow up with regulatory bodies, reducing waiting times

Early identification of permitting requirements ensures smoother approval processes, preventing unexpected delays once the project is underway.

Thorough Site Assessments and Due Diligence

Conducting site assessments early helps identify challenges such as soil issues, environmental hazards, or zoning restrictions. Without proper due diligence, unforeseen site conditions can derail project timelines and budgets.

Effective ways to improve site assessments:

• Use drone technology to conduct aerial surveys and gather real-time data
• Commission soil testing to detect ground conditions that might affect construction
• Perform feasibility studies to ensure the site complies with all regulatory and zoning requirements

By addressing these issues during pre-construction, teams can mitigate risks and prepare contingency plans.

Develop a Detailed Project Schedule and Workflow

A well-structured project schedule is essential for pre-construction efficiency. It provides a roadmap for project activities, sets expectations, and ensures each phase is allocated enough time without causing bottlenecks.

Key elements of effective scheduling:

• Create a critical path schedule (CPS) to identify the sequence of tasks that directly affect the project’s completion date
• Use Gantt charts to visualize task dependencies and milestones
• Establish buffer times for high-risk activities to absorb unforeseen delays

Regularly updating the schedule throughout pre-construction ensures the team stays on track, making it easier to address potential delays before they become critical.

Accurate Budgeting and Value Engineering

Cost overruns are among the most common issues in construction projects. Efficient pre-construction planning includes developing accurate budgets that align with the client’s expectations and exploring value engineering opportunities to maintain quality while controlling costs.

Tips for effective budgeting and value engineering:

• Involve estimators and contractors early to get realistic cost projections
• Use historical data from past projects to benchmark costs
• Conduct value engineering workshops where teams brainstorm ways to optimize materials and construction methods without compromising quality

An accurate budget serves as a financial guide throughout the project, and proactive value engineering helps avoid expensive changes during later phases.

Risk Identification and Management

Every construction project comes with inherent risks—ranging from supply chain disruptions to weather delays and safety issues. Identifying these risks early allows the team to develop mitigation strategies.

Best practices for risk management:

• Conduct risk workshops where teams brainstorm potential risks and rank them based on probability and impact
• Develop contingency plans for high-impact risks, such as alternative suppliers or backup workflows
• Use risk management software to track risks in real-time and monitor mitigation strategies

Effective risk management ensures that the project can move forward even when unforeseen challenges arise.

Supplier and Subcontractor Coordination

Poor coordination with suppliers and subcontractors can cause delays and inefficiencies. Early engagement with these stakeholders ensures that the right resources are available when needed.

Strategies for better coordination:

• Prequalify and onboard subcontractors and suppliers during the pre-construction phase
• Develop procurement schedules to align material deliveries with construction timelines
• Use supply chain management software to monitor deliveries and address issues proactively

Having a clear understanding of supplier timelines and subcontractor availability minimizes disruptions once the project begins.

Embrace Lean Construction Principles

Lean construction focuses on maximizing value while minimizing waste, promoting efficiency from the pre-construction phase onward. This approach encourages continuous improvement and accountability among all stakeholders.

Lean practices to adopt:

• Use pull planning to work backward from project milestones and ensure alignment between tasks
• Identify and eliminate non-value-adding activities, such as redundant meetings or excessive documentation
• Encourage a culture of continuous feedback among teams to identify inefficiencies early

Incorporating lean principles reduces waste and increases productivity, ensuring the project starts on the right foot.

Foster a Culture of Communication and Transparency

Clear and open communication is the backbone of an efficient pre-construction process. When teams and stakeholders share information freely, misunderstandings are minimized, and decision-making is expedited.

How to promote communication and transparency:

• Establish centralized communication platforms, such as project management tools, to keep everyone updated
• Hold regular check-in meetings to review progress and address emerging issues
• Encourage open forums where team members can raise concerns or suggest improvements without fear of reprisal

Transparent communication creates an environment of trust, leading to faster resolutions and smoother collaboration throughout the project.

Let GPRS Help You Make Pre-Construction More Efficient!

Improving efficiency in the pre-construction phase of a project requires a strategic approach that integrates collaboration, technology, thorough planning, and proactive management.

GPRS offers a comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention, existing conditions documentation, and construction & facilities project management services designed to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

We help you Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® with 99.8% accurate utility locating and concrete scanning, NASSCO-certified video pipe inspections, pinpoint-accurate leak detection, and 2-4mm accurate 3D laser scanning and photogrammetry. And all this data is at your fingertips with SiteMap^® (patent pending), our project & facility management application that provides existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What is as-built documentation?

As-built documentation is an accurate set of drawings for a project. They reflect all changes made in during the construction process and show the exact dimensions, geometry, and location of all elements of the work.

Will I need to mark out the utilities that GPRS locates?

No, GPRS will locate and mark all utilities for you. We have a variety of tools and markers we can use to highlight the locations of utilities, underground storage tanks and whatever else may be hiding.

Can GPR determine the difference between rebar and electrical conduit?

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) can accurately differentiate between rebar and electrical conduit in most cases. We have an extremely high success rate in identifying electrical lines in supported slabs or slabs-on-grade before saw cutting or core drilling.

Additionally, GPRS can use EM locators to determine the location of conduits in the concrete. If we can transmit a signal onto the metal conduit, we can locate it with pinpoint accuracy. We can also find the conduit passively if a live electrical current runs through it.

The combined use of GPR and EM induction allows us to provide one of the most comprehensive and accurate conduits locating services available.

In response to the need for more energy-efficient infrastructure, many cities and states across the U.S. are adopting advanced building energy codes with the help of newly allocated federal grants.

These grants are part of broader federal initiatives, including the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, which provide financial and technical assistance to municipalities looking to modernize their building standards. These efforts are reshaping urban sustainability and efficiency.

Federal Support for Local Action  

In 2024, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) allocated over $240 million to assist cities and states in implementing innovative energy codes and building performance standards. These codes are crucial because they reduce utility costs for residents and improve resilience to extreme weather events by ensuring that buildings maintain better energy performance during disruptions. Grants from the DOE aim to accelerate these efforts, providing the financial backing necessary to transition to modern codes and standards for residential and commercial buildings.

Case Studies in Modernization  

Seattle’s Ambitious Energy Code Upgrades  

Seattle is one of the leading cities leveraging federal grants to push energy efficiency forward. The DOE awarded the city $17.2 million to support the implementation of its Building Emissions Performance Standard (BEPS). This initiative targets both multifamily and commercial properties, aiming to reduce climate pollution by mandating emissions reductions over time. The grant also supports climate equity efforts, engaging fellows from the Climate Corps program to work with communities disproportionately affected by climate change. These efforts align with Seattle’s broader goal to meet its climate targets under the Seattle 2030 District framework.

The focus on BEPS illustrates how cities are moving beyond traditional energy codes to performance-based standards, where buildings must meet specific energy outcomes rather than just comply with prescriptive requirements. This shift is expected to significantly improve the energy efficiency of both new and existing structures in the city.

New York City’s Push for Building Performance  

New York City has similarly embraced innovative building codes to address climate challenges. With support from the DOE and funds derived from the IRA, the city is expanding the implementation of its building performance standards, particularly in multifamily buildings. The focus here is twofold: to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance energy equity by targeting energy improvements in underserved communities.

By leveraging federal grants, New York is not only updating codes for new buildings but also implementing policies to retrofit older buildings to meet higher energy standards. This approach is critical in a dense urban environment like New York, where many buildings predate modern energy codes.

The Impact of Federal Funding  

The federal government’s financial commitment extends beyond individual cities. DOE grants are being distributed to states and local governments across the U.S., encouraging them to adopt the latest model energy codes published by organizations like the International Code Council and the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Homes and buildings constructed to these codes are projected to be nearly 40% more energy-efficient than those built 15 years ago.

States and cities receiving these grants also benefit from direct technical assistance provided by the DOE, which helps ensure successful adoption and enforcement of new codes. This comprehensive approach supports long-term resilience, helping buildings maintain comfort and safety even during extreme weather events or extended power outages.

Building a More Resilient Future  

These new energy codes also contribute to broader goals such as improving grid stability and reducing carbon emissions. By enforcing higher efficiency standards, cities can decrease the overall energy demand, especially during peak usage times. This not only lowers operational costs, it also eases the strain on energy infrastructure, helping prevent outages.

Moreover, the push for updated building performance standards complements other clean energy efforts, such as the deployment of solar panels and electric vehicle infrastructure. The DOE’s investment in these interconnected strategies reflects a holistic approach to creating sustainable, resilient communities.

The federal government’s investment in updated energy codes represents a pivotal step toward a more energy-efficient and climate-resilient future. Cities like Seattle and New York City are at the forefront of these efforts, using DOE grants to implement advanced building standards that will reduce emissions, improve energy equity, and enhance community resilience.

GPRS is uniquely positioned to guide energy infrastructure improvements and construction projects with our 99.8%+ accurate utility locating and concrete scanning, NASSCO-certified video pipe inspections, pinpoint-accurate leak detection, 2-4mm accurate 3D laser scanning, and innovative mapping & modeling services.

We Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

Can ground penetrating radar (GPR) be used to verify known measurements?

GPRS’ SIM-certified Project Managers can use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans to verify the accuracy of those plans.

What types of concrete scanning does GPRS provide?

GPRS provides two specific but different scanning services: elevated concrete slab scanning and concrete slab-on-grade locating. Elevated concrete slab scanning involves detecting embedded electrical conduits, rebar, post-tension cables, and more before core drilling a hole through the slab. Performing a concrete slab-on-grade locating service typically involves scanning a trench line for conduits before conducting saw cutting and trenching to install a sanitary pipe, water line, or something similar.

Learn more

What size pipes can GPRS inspect?

Our NASSCO-certified VPI Project Managers have the capabilities to inspect pipes from 2” in diameter and up.

On Wednesday, August 28, 2024, the Klamath River flowed along its natural channel for the first time in over a century.

This major watershed near the California-Oregon border is the site of the largest dam removal project in U.S. history, which neared its end this summer when workers breached the final of four dams that were removed as part of the initiative.

According to the Associated Press, the work was completed just in time to give the fall Chinook, or king salmon, a passageway to key swaths of habitat for their spawning season.

“[Seeing that last dam removed] was surreal,” said Amy Bowers Cordalis, a Yurok tribal member and attorney for the tribe who has fought for the removal of the Klamath dams since the early 2000s. “It was so emotional. I felt so hopeful and so satisfied that we have restored this river. And looking at it you could almost hear the river crying, ‘I am free, I am free.’”

GPRS was proud to support the Klamath Dam removal project with our infrastructure visualization services.

The demolition was completed about a month ahead of schedule. The project is part of a broader national effort to restore rivers to their natural flow and revive ecosystems for fish and other wildlife.

As of February 2024, over 2,000 dams had been dismantled across the U.S., with most removed in the past 25 years, according to the advocacy group American Rivers. Notable examples include dams on Washington's Elwha River, which runs from Olympic National Park to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the Condit Dam on the White Salmon River, a Columbia River tributary.

A Changing Perspective on Dams

The practice of building dams has a long history in the U.S. Many were originally constructed for flood control, hydropower, irrigation, or water storage, with the idea that harnessing rivers was necessary to support human needs and economic development. However, as these structures age, many are no longer essential or cost-effective to maintain, and concerns about their environmental impact have grown.

Fish populations have been hit hard by the presence of dams, which often block migration routes and alter the habitats essential for species like salmon, steelhead, and trout. Ecosystems dependent on free-flowing rivers—ranging from riverbeds to wetlands—can also suffer as sediment accumulates behind dams, depriving downstream habitats of nutrients.

In response, the past 25 years have seen a rising number of dam removals, driven by a combination of environmental advocacy, scientific research, and changing public attitudes. American Rivers, a nonprofit organization that tracks dam removals, reports that most of the 2,000 U.S. dams dismantled so far were taken down in just the last quarter-century.

The Push for a Natural Flow: Notable Projects

The Klamath is far from the only river undergoing transformation. The Elwha River in Washington State provides another example of large-scale restoration. Two dams were removed there between 2011 and 2014. The results were striking: salmon returned to parts of the river that had been blocked for nearly a century, and native vegetation quickly began to recolonize newly exposed riverbanks.

Further south, the 2011 removal of the Condit Dam on the White Salmon River in Washington opened nearly 33 miles of upstream habitat for fish. The river, which feeds into the Columbia, saw the rapid return of salmon and other aquatic life after the dam’s removal, becoming a case study in the ecological benefits of restoring natural river flow.

And in North Carolina in 2023, GPRS assisted with the removal of the 98-year-old Ela Dam to reconnect the Oconaluftee River to the rest of the Tuckasegee watershed.

The Broader Benefits of Dam Removal

The benefits of removing dams extend beyond individual rivers. Ecologists argue that free-flowing rivers improve biodiversity, reduce the impact of climate change by enhancing natural water cycles, and provide better flood management than artificial dams in some cases. Rivers that are allowed to flow naturally also tend to have healthier sediment transport, which sustains downstream wetlands and estuaries.

Additionally, proponents highlight how dam removal can reconnect communities to their waterways, creating recreational opportunities such as kayaking, fishing, and hiking along revitalized riverbanks. Restored rivers can also have cultural significance, particularly for Indigenous communities who have long relied on fish populations for food and traditional practices.

From an economic standpoint, removing old or obsolete dams can reduce public costs. Maintaining and repairing aging infrastructure can be expensive, and many small, privately-owned dams no longer generate enough hydropower or other benefits to justify the expense. In some cases, dismantling a dam can cost less than maintaining it in the long run.

Challenges and Controversy

Despite its benefits, dam removal is not without controversy. Some communities remain concerned about the potential impacts on local industries or water availability. Dams that provide irrigation or control water levels for recreation, such as boating or fishing in man-made reservoirs, are often seen as critical by those who depend on them.

Hydropower advocates also point out that dams generate renewable energy, which is an important consideration as the U.S. seeks to transition away from fossil fuels. While some dams are no longer needed for power generation, others still contribute to local electricity grids. As a result, the decision to remove a dam often requires balancing environmental restoration with energy and water management needs.

Another challenge lies in the logistics of dam removal. Dismantling a large dam can take years of planning, requiring environmental assessments, permits, and coordination between multiple agencies and stakeholders. Engineers must also manage sediment buildup and ensure that removing the dam will not cause downstream flooding or other unintended consequences.

The Role of Policy and Public Involvement

Federal and state policies play a crucial role in facilitating dam removal projects. In some cases, the process is driven by regulatory requirements, such as the need for aging dams to meet modern safety standards. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and state environmental agencies are often involved in assessing whether a dam should be repaired, replaced, or removed.

Grants and funding from government programs have also encouraged communities to pursue dam removal. For example, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service offer financial support for projects that improve fish habitats, including dam removal.

Public involvement is essential to the process, as local communities, environmental groups, and industry stakeholders all have a stake in the outcome. In some instances, removal projects face opposition from residents concerned about losing recreational lakes or changing water access. Public meetings and consultations are often held to address concerns and explore alternatives.

Looking Ahead

As the movement to remove dams continues, the focus is expanding beyond individual projects to more comprehensive river restoration strategies. Scientists and policymakers are increasingly taking a watershed-wide approach, assessing how entire river systems can be revitalized rather than focusing on isolated stretches of water.

Climate change adds urgency to these efforts. Warmer temperatures and shifting precipitation patterns are expected to put additional stress on aquatic ecosystems, making the restoration of rivers even more critical. Healthy rivers with natural flows are better equipped to withstand these environmental changes, providing resilient habitats for wildlife and more sustainable water resources for people.

At the same time, not every dam is destined to come down. Many dams will remain essential parts of the landscape, serving critical functions for hydropower, irrigation, or flood control. The future of river management will likely involve a mix of dam retention, improvement, and removal, tailored to the needs of specific communities and ecosystems.

The growing movement to remove dams reflects a broader shift in how Americans view their rivers—not just as resources to be controlled, but as vital ecosystems that benefit from restoration.

Whether an existing dam needs to come down or a new one needs constructed, GPRS will be there to help keep the project on time, on budget, and safe with our comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention, existing conditions documentation, and construction & facilities project management services.

We Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® utilizing state-of-the-art technology, including ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanners, electromagnetic (EM) locators, CCTV camera-equipped sewer inspection rovers, 3D laser scanners, acoustic leak detectors, and leak detection correlators. And all this data is always at your fingertips thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), our revolutionary infrastructure mapping application that’s easily, yet securely accessible 24/7 from any computer, tablet, or smartphone.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of informational output do I receive when GPRS provides a utility locate?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor. Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPR determine the difference between rebar and electrical conduit?

Ground penetrating radar can accurately differentiate between rebar and electrical conduit in most cases. We have an extremely high success rate in identifying electrical lines in supported slabs or slabs-on-grade before saw cutting or core drilling.

Additionally, GPRS can use EM locators to determine the location of conduits in the concrete. If we can transmit a signal onto the metal conduit, we can locate it with pinpoint accuracy. We can also find the conduit passively if a live electrical current runs through it.

The combined use of GPR and EM induction allows us to provide one of the most comprehensive and accurate conduits locating services available.

Pipeline systems are critical infrastructure, transporting essential resources such as water, oil, gas, and chemicals.

Given their vital role, even minor damage or deterioration in pipelines can have significant financial, environmental, and operational consequences.

Conducting effective repairs is essential, not only to restore the functionality of pipelines but also to ensure that the repairs match the original service life of the system. Here is a comprehensive guide to best practices for ensuring high-quality pipeline repair efforts, focusing on techniques, materials, monitoring, and long-term durability.  

Accurate Assessment of Pipeline Condition

The foundation of a successful pipeline repair begins with a detailed and accurate assessment of the pipeline's current condition. Repair methods and materials vary depending on factors such as the pipe’s material, type of defect, and environmental conditions.  

Best Practices for Condition Assessment

• Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): Techniques such as ultrasonic testing, magnetic flux leakage (MFL), and infrared thermography allow inspectors to identify corrosion, cracks, or thinning without damaging the pipe
• Smart Pigging: In-line inspection (ILI) tools, commonly referred to as “pigs,” can travel through pipelines to detect anomalies, such as corrosion or deformation, with precision
• Data Analysis and Historical Records: Assessing past inspection records and repair histories helps determine patterns of wear, allowing for more accurate diagnosis of the root cause
• Hydrostatic Pressure Testing: Pressure tests identify leaks by exposing the pipeline to high-pressure water, ensuring no weak spots are left unaddressed

Early detection of defects minimizes the extent of repair work and reduces the risk of catastrophic failure, keeping downtime and repair costs manageable.  

Selecting the Appropriate Repair Method

Choosing the correct repair technique is vital to achieving a lasting solution. Not all pipelines and repair needs are the same; repairs may range from localized spot treatments to major rehabilitation efforts. Some common repair methods include:  

Best Practices for Repair Selection

• Clamps and Sleeves: Temporary repairs can be done using clamps or sleeves to halt leaks, but they are generally not suited for long-term solutions
• Composite Wrap Systems: These are increasingly popular for corrosion or crack repairs. They involve wrapping a high-strength, corrosion-resistant composite material around the damaged area. Composite systems are lightweight, non-intrusive, and can extend the life of pipelines without costly shutdowns
• Welding and Sectional Replacements: For pipelines with severe metal loss or rupture, welded repairs or section replacements may be required. Welding ensures structural integrity but demands skilled labor and compliance with safety standards
• Trenchless Repair Methods: For underground pipelines, trenchless technologies such as cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) relining minimize excavation. This technique extends the life of old pipelines with minimal disruption to operations and infrastructure

Selecting the right technique involves balancing cost, downtime, and the long-term needs of the pipeline. Engaging experienced engineers and consultants during the decision-making process is crucial.  

High-Quality Materials for Repair Durability

The longevity of any repair effort is only as good as the materials used. Using inferior or incompatible materials could result in frequent maintenance cycles, undermining the repair's objective to extend service life.  

Best Practices for Material Selection

• Compatibility with Existing Infrastructure: Ensure that repair materials (like composite wraps, epoxy, or metal) are chemically and mechanically compatible with the original pipeline. Incompatible materials can lead to stress points or premature failure
• Corrosion-Resistant Materials: Given that corrosion is a leading cause of pipeline degradation, using corrosion-resistant alloys, coatings, or composite materials can significantly enhance durability
• Temperature and Pressure Considerations: Select materials rated for the specific pressure and temperature conditions under which the pipeline operates. Using materials that cannot withstand the operational environment may compromise the repair effort
• Standards and Certification: Ensure all materials meet industry standards (such as ASME, ISO, or NACE) for safety and reliability. Certified materials offer a higher degree of assurance for performance over time

Skilled Labor and Adherence to Repair Protocols

Even the best materials and repair techniques can fail if they are not implemented correctly. Skilled labor and strict adherence to repair protocols are crucial for ensuring long-lasting results.  

Best Practices for Skilled Execution

• Training and Certification: Personnel involved in pipeline repairs must undergo rigorous training and certification. For example, welding repairs require certified welders familiar with pipeline-specific techniques, while composite repairs demand technicians trained in applying wrap systems
• On-Site Quality Control: Supervisors should verify that all repairs follow design specifications and comply with industry standards. Quality control measures, such as visual inspections and pressure tests, help validate the repair's effectiveness
• Documentation and Traceability: Keeping detailed records of repairs, including materials used, inspection results, and techniques employed, ensures traceability. This documentation can guide future maintenance efforts and allow quick identification of potential issues

Contracting reputable service providers and ensuring a high level of workmanship can dramatically enhance the lifespan of repair efforts.  

Implementing Corrosion Control Measures

Corrosion is one of the leading causes of pipeline failure. In addition to addressing corrosion during repairs, proactive measures must be taken to protect the pipeline from future degradation.  

Best Practices for Corrosion Control

• Cathodic Protection Systems: Installing cathodic protection (CP) systems helps mitigate corrosion by applying an electric current to the pipeline, preventing the metal from oxidizing
• External Coatings: Applying protective coatings, such as fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) or polyurethane, provides an additional barrier against moisture and chemicals
• Internal Linings: In pipelines carrying corrosive materials, internal linings or inhibitors can slow down corrosion and extend the life of both the repair and the pipeline itself
• Regular Monitoring and Inspections: Ongoing monitoring, such as corrosion probes and periodic inspections, ensures early detection of corrosion-related issues

Combining these techniques helps maintain the repair's integrity and ensures long-term durability.  

Post-Repair Testing and Monitoring

Testing after the repair is crucial to ensure the pipeline can safely resume operation. In addition to verifying the repair's immediate effectiveness, establishing a monitoring framework helps detect any issues before they escalate.  

Best Practices for Testing and Monitoring

• Pressure Testing: After repairs, pipelines should undergo hydrostatic or pneumatic pressure tests to confirm there are no leaks
• Ultrasonic Thickness Testing: This technique checks for wall thickness and identifies any areas still prone to corrosion
• Remote Monitoring Systems: Advanced sensors and Internet of Things (IoT) technology allow real-time monitoring of pressure, temperature, and corrosion rates. Remote monitoring helps operators address issues proactively and avoid unexpected failures
• Scheduled Inspections: Regular follow-up inspections, especially during the first few months after repairs, help ensure the repair remains intact and is performing as expected

Planning for Long-Term Maintenance and Lifecycle Management

Achieving repair durability goes beyond the immediate fix. A proactive maintenance strategy and lifecycle management plan are essential for matching the repair’s lifespan to the anticipated service life of the pipeline.  

Best Practices for Long-Term Maintenance

• Predictive Maintenance Programs: Implement predictive maintenance programs that use data from sensors and inspections to forecast potential failures
• Risk-Based Inspections (RBI): Prioritize inspections based on risk levels, focusing on high-risk sections that are more prone to failure
• Asset Management Systems: Use digital asset management systems to track the performance of repairs and plan future maintenance more effectively
• Contingency Planning: Have contingency plans in place for emergency repairs to minimize downtime in case of unexpected issues

Integrating repair efforts into a broader lifecycle management approach ensures the pipeline remains functional and safe throughout its intended lifespan.  

GPRS Puts Pipeline Repair Projects on Track

Pipeline repairs are critical undertakings that demand a balance between cost-efficiency, operational continuity, and long-term durability. By adhering to best practices — such as conducting accurate condition assessments — operators can enhance the reliability of repair efforts.

GPRS helps get pipeline repair projects off on the right foot with our utility locating, leak detection, and sewer pipe inspection (also known as video pipe inspection) services.

Utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanning and electromagnetic (EM) locating, our SIM-certified Project Managers can map not only your water and/or sewer lines, but also any other buried utilities in your project area – so you know where you can and can’t safely dig when excavating to complete repairs. And with remote-controlled sewer inspection rovers and push-fed cameras equipped with sondes – instrument probes that are detectable with our EM locators and allow for mapping buried sewer lines from the surface – we can inspect your wastewater infrastructure for defects at the same time we’re mapping it.

Our PMs use acoustic leak detection and leak detection correlators to pinpoint the location of leaks in buried water lines, so you can avoid exploratory excavation to try and determine where non-revenue water (NRW) loss is occurring.

All this accurate, field-verified data is at your fingertips 24/7 thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people. Easily, yet securely accessible from any computer, tablet, or smartphone, SiteMap^® ensures that your project team always has the data they need to plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better.

From sewer lines to skyscrapers, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What size pipes can GPRS inspect?

Our NASSCO-certified VPI Project Managers have the capabilities to inspect pipes from 2” in diameter and up.

What deliverables does GPRS offer when conducting a sewer pipe inspection?

GPRS is proud to offer WinCan reporting to our Video Pipe Inspection clients. Maintaining sewers starts with understanding sewer condition, and WinCan allows GPRS Project Managers to collect detailed, NASSCO-compliant inspection data. GPRS Project Managers not only inspect the interior condition of sewer pipes, laterals, and manholes – they can also provide a map of their location. The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Department can provide detailed GPS overlays and CAD files. Our detailed WinCan/NASSCO reports contain screenshots of the interior condition of the pipe segments that we inspect, as well as a video file for further evaluation, documentation, and/or reference.

Does GPRS offer lateral launch services?

Yes, we offer lateral launch capabilities as part of our standard Video Pipe Inspection services.

In another indication that PFAS (per and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are emerging as the next major environmental hazard for communities, Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers teamed up with the Department of Natural Resources in September 2024 to propose updating the state’s drinking water safety standards to match federal guidance concerning the “forever chemicals.” PFAS earned the name “forever chemicals” because they can exist in soil, water, air, and the human body for years.

“PFAS are very persistent in the environment and in the human body – meaning they don’t break down and they can accumulate over time. There is evidence that exposure to PFAS can lead to adverse health outcomes in humans.” – U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

The initiative in Wisconsin aims to bring the state into compliance with the EPA’s new PFAS rules, especially where it concerns three PFAS compounds that are not currently regulated at the state level.

“Every Wisconsinite deserves access to clean, safe water that is free of lead, PFAS, and other harmful contaminants… With each day of delay in setting basic standards and getting meaningful investments out the door to protect our natural resources and get contaminants out of our water, the more costly these efforts will become,” Governor Evers said in an announcement of the proposal.

Wisconsin joins a growing group of states who have either established or proposed updated PFAS rules for drinking water. Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Rhode Island, Vermont, and West Virginia have all answered the EPA’s regulatory call, according to reporting from the NCSL (National Conference of State Legislatures).

What are PFAS?

The chemicals have been around since the 1940s. Some research has found that PFAS exist in the blood stream of as much as 98% of the American populace, mainly from water and food contamination, because some of the uses of the chemicals have been in the creation of non-stick cookware and food packaging. However, the most concerning levels of PFAS are often found on military bases and airports, where it was used as a fire suppression tool, according to GPRS Environmental Segment Leader, Matthew Piper.

“PFAS as an emerging contaminant has presented unique challenges to our communities and to the environmental industry. As the EPA continues to address PFAS concerns, GPRS is partnering with environmental consultants to aid in multiple phases of the work, from initial investigation through clean up.”

The EPA established new federal guidelines that update and formalize their previous “nonenforceable” health advisory PFAS guidelines from 2016. The new regulations state the Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for PFAS; and states are required to adopt the regulations if they want to maintain control of their water infrastructure. The current MCLs for PFAS are:

• PFOA & PFOS – 4 parts per trillion

• PFNA, PFHxS & HFPO-DA (GenX) – 10 parts per trillion

• Mixtures of PFNA, PFHxS, PFBS, and GenX – 1.3 on the Hazard Index

The new regulations are expected to “reduce PFAS exposure for approximately 100 million people, prevent thousands of deaths, and reduce tens of thousands of serious illnesses.” According to the EPA.

What is the EPA’s PFAS MCL Hazard Index?

The Hazard Index is not new. It is a long-established process to determine health issues that are associated with chemical exposure. Previous use cases for the Hazard Index include Superfund Program sites. The Index is calculated by adding the ratio of the concentration in the water sample to a Health Based Water Concentration.

The formula for the Index looks like this:

And here are examples from the EPA on how the Hazard Index is calculated:

How will the EPA ensure implementation and regulatory compliance?

The regulatory responsibility and implementation are empowered through the Safe Drinking Water Act, according to Eric Burneson, EPA’s Director of Standards and Risk Management Division, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water

Under the new regulations, public water systems must

• Conduct initial and ongoing compliance monitoring for the regulated PFAS

• Implement solutions to reduce regulated PFAS in their drinking water if levels violate the MCLs

• Inform the public of the levels of regulated PFAS measured in their drinking water and if an MCL is exceeded

The goal is to protect public health “while allowing for maximum flexibility, cost savings, and burden reduction for public water systems.” You can learn more about implementation and regulatory compliance from the EPA’s Office of Water, here.

Ensuring fresh water for communities across the United States is important to GPRS. That’s one of the reasons we sponsor Water & Sewer Damage Awareness Week (WSDAW) every fall, to provide water and wastewater managers and municipal decision-makers with valuable education on best practices to safeguard the nation’s water and sewer infrastructure.

There are still a few spots available for 2024’s WSDAW event. Click here to register so that we can bring our complimentary safety education to your organization.

GPRS 3D Building Information Modeling (BIM) and laser scanning services helped ensure the successful large-scale renovation of two commercial office towers in West Palm Beach, Florida.

Built in 1985, the Phillips Point East and West Commercial Office Towers feature 637,180 sq. ft. of office and retail space, and two parking garages, all situated on a 4.3-acre property.

Survey control was important in this project to ensure that the 3D laser scans precisely fit together and were geographically accurate. The client, Promethean Builders, requested that the 3D BIM model be delivered in phases to manage the complexity of the project.

Structural, mechanical, electrical, and plumbing engineering schematic design plans were required for this extensive renovation.

But perhaps the biggest challenge with this project was coordination. GPRS Project Managers Tyler Zak and Shamar Orr had to navigate around the varied schedules of the towers’ various tenants, which included stock traders and other firms that manage similar, sensitive content.

Fortunately, GPRS has extensive experience working in and around sensitive sites, and our track record proves we can be trusted to operate with respect for the business of these facilities. Additionally, our nationwide team of Project Managers is ready to respond to your site quickly to accommodate your schedule and needs.

“Realistically, it was just getting with the building manager, the property manager, the construction team, and finding exactly what they needed, where we needed to go, and when we could get availability,” Zak said. “It was really just about excellent communication between all parties to make sure that we accommodated their schedule as much as we possibly could, to make sure we got the data collected that we needed to.”

Large-scale renovation projects demand extensive data, meticulous planning, and seamless coordination. GPRS provided a phased delivery of 3D BIM models, enabling the general contractor to concentrate on one section at a time, ensuring precision and high-quality design before progressing to the next phase.

GPRS provides 3D BIM modeling services to help many industries Intelligently Visualize The Built World^®. Our 3D modeling and scan-to-BIM services allow clients to capture, analyze, and define existing conditions through safe, non-contact 3D laser scanning. We have saved clients millions of dollars in downtime and cost overruns with 3D BIM models to aid in design, visualization, space definition, prefabrication, and clash detection.

Precise as-built data delivered in an easy-to-understand BIM model helps plan for projects without the expense and worry of unknown interferences and conflicts.

Laser scanning is an ideal technology for Building Information Modeling (BIM) thanks to its efficiency, accuracy, and level of detail. Laser scanning accurately documents as-built conditions and proves to be invaluable in construction planning and facility modifications.

GPRS has earned a national reputation for delivering excellent service in the BIM 3D scanning industry, completing hundreds of projects every year on time and on budget. Our 3D Laser Scanning Project Managers are elite technicians who collect millions of precise 3D data points for a building or site with industry-leading, survey-grade Leica equipment in the form of a point cloud.

The GPRS Mapping & Modeling team has mastered the technology for converting point clouds into BIM-ready, 3D models to support the planning and design needs of any project.

Zak and Orr developed a detailed plan to capture comprehensive existing conditions documentation while coordinating with on-site trades. This included determining scanner setup locations and establishing the site workflow to ensure proper coordination and accurately estimate the time required on site.

“[The towers are] pretty big buildings,” Zak said. “Making sure that we were able to capture all the features that the client wanted was difficult from ground level, so we mitigated that by getting out on the sides of the buildings through offices, windows, and things like that where we could get better vantage points of the higher levels and things like that, to make sure that we were getting the most accurate data possible.”

GPRS collaborated with Promethean’s survey team to establish project survey control before conducting laser scanning, ensuring the accuracy of the scan data. This approach integrated the laser scans into a defined coordinate system, captured precise measurements, and ensured the data was georeferenced and correctly aligned.

Zak and Orr utilized Leica P-Series and RTC360 LiDAR laser scanners to capture every detail of the expansive space with 2-4 millimeter accuracy in a point cloud file, delivering precise architectural, structural, and MEP system layout and dimensions for renovation planning.

Our CAD technicians then leveraged Autodesk Construction Cloud (ACC) to centralize project information, enabling multiple team members to collaborate within the model simultaneously. This approach allowed the team to deliver the 3D BIM model in phases, meeting client deadlines efficiently.

The BIM model outlined specifications for the HVAC systems, ensuring precise design, interdisciplinary coordination, clash detection, and accurate construction scheduling.

“I think it was just a pretty incredible model, in the end,” Zak said. “I think we gave the client a great, high-quality product.”

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What deliverables can GPRS provide when conducting 3D laser scanning services?

We can provide 3D modeling in many formats such as:

• Point Cloud Data (Raw Data)
• 2D CAD Drawings
• 3D Non-Intelligent Models
• 3D BIM Models
• JetStream Viewer

We also offer customizable deliverables upon request, including:

• Aerial Photogrammetry
• Comparative Analysis
• Deformation Analysis
• Digital Drawings of GPR Markings
• Floor Flatness Analysis/Contour Mapping
• New Construction Accuracy Analysis/Comparative Analysis
• Point Cloud Modeling Training Webinars
• Reconciliation of Clients 2D Design Drawings
• Reconciliation of Clients 3D Design Model
• Structural Steel Shape Probability Analysis
• Template Modeling
• Volume Calculations
• Wall Plumb Analysis

What if my project is limited within the physical setting?

Some projects require special applications due to limitations within the physical setting. Often, this is due to line-of-sight issues and when a scan must be done safely from the ground or with precautionary distance. Some of these applications would include above-ceiling MEP features in hospitals where it is necessary to maintain negative airflow or interstitial spaces that are congested with limited access. Since laser scanning is a non-contact measurement tool (i.e. we can scan from a safe distance or location) this becomes a powerful tool for solving these complex challenges.

As cities across the United States grapple with crumbling sewage systems, a recent report highlights the staggering cost needed to repair this aging infrastructure.

The Tennessee Advisory Commission’s first-of-its-kind Report of the Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations found that the Volunteer State needs more than $3 billion by 2027 to repair, replace and expand its wastewater treatment systems.

The report says that while the state has already invested heavily in upgrading wastewater infrastructure in recent years by distributing more than $500 million in federal American Rescue Plan funding, “it is likely that Tennessee’s wastewater systems will need to spend billions to pay for the repair, replacement and expansion of their infrastructure.”

According to a Tennessee Lookout article, many of the state’s systems are already under scrutiny by state and federal environmental regulators.

“Scores of local government-operated waste systems are under moratoriums issued by the Tennessee Department of Environment Conservation because of sewage overflow problems,” the article reads. “The moratoriums bar the facilities from any future expansions until the often-costly overflow problems are fixed... The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has also found Clean Water Act violations in three Tennessee municipal systems: Springfield, Knoxville and Nashville. Nashville is now under a court-ordered agreement with the federal agency to make nearly half a million dollars in repairs to continue to serve its existing customer base.”

The urgent need for investment in wastewater infrastructure is not isolated to Tennessee; it reflects a nationwide crisis of aging wastewater systems that are underfunded and increasingly susceptible to failures. As this infrastructure continues to age and degrade, cities are faced with significant financial challenges to maintain and upgrade these essential systems.

The Scope of the Problem

The situation in Tennessee is symptomatic of a broader trend affecting municipalities throughout the country. According to the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), the U.S. faces a water infrastructure funding gap that could exceed $1 trillion over the next two decades. More than 240,000 water main breaks occur each year, and aging sewage systems contribute to a variety of public health and environmental issues, including water contamination and untreated sewage spills.

Local governments are particularly vulnerable, with many struggling to meet both operational costs and necessary upgrades. The situation is exacerbated by a lack of federal funding, leading to a reliance on state and local budgets, which are often stretched thin.

Financial Challenges

Maintaining and upgrading wastewater infrastructure requires substantial investment, and the financial burden falls disproportionately on local governments. The costs can be daunting: studies indicate that for many municipalities, maintaining current systems could consume 30-50% of their annual budget.

The Tennessee report outlines a range of critical needs, from repairing old pipes to upgrading treatment plants to meet modern standards. While some municipalities have implemented user fees to cover costs, these fees can be unpopular and politically challenging. Additionally, the reliance on state and federal grants can be inconsistent, leaving many cities without the funding they need to address immediate issues.

Environmental and Public Health Concerns

Failing wastewater infrastructure poses significant risks to public health and the environment. Inadequately treated sewage can contaminate bodies of water, leading to health risks for communities that rely on those water sources for recreation and drinking water. The impact is particularly severe in low-income neighborhoods, which may lack the resources to respond effectively to sewage overflows or contamination incidents.

Cities in Crisis

Cities across the U.S. illustrate the challenges of aging wastewater systems.

These cities have turned to various strategies to address their infrastructure needs. Some have pursued public-private partnerships to leverage additional resources, while others have sought innovative financing mechanisms to fund their projects. However, the scale of investment needed often requires difficult trade-offs with other critical services, such as education and public safety.

The federal government has recognized the urgent need to address wastewater infrastructure issues, with initiatives like the Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (WIFIA) providing low-interest loans for water and wastewater projects. The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law also allocates significant funding to help local governments improve their systems. However, critics argue that these measures are insufficient to meet the scale of the crisis.

Local governments often seek creative financing solutions to bridge funding gaps. Some have explored green infrastructure projects that utilize natural systems to manage stormwater, thereby reducing the burden on traditional sewage systems. Others have considered implementing tiered pricing structures for water usage, where higher usage results in higher fees, to incentivize conservation and generate revenue for infrastructure investments.

Community Engagement and Education

Public engagement plays a critical role in addressing the challenges of aging wastewater infrastructure. Community education about the importance of maintaining and investing in these systems can foster public support for necessary funding measures. Municipalities that involve residents in decision-making processes often find it easier to garner support for rate increases or new funding initiatives.

Transparency about the current state of infrastructure and the potential risks of inaction can also mobilize community advocacy. As cities work to modernize their systems, they must also prioritize communication with their constituents, making the case for why investments in wastewater infrastructure are essential for public health and environmental sustainability.

The Path Forward

Addressing the challenges of aging wastewater infrastructure requires a comprehensive approach that includes increased funding, innovative financing solutions, community engagement, and strategic planning. As seen in Tennessee, the need for immediate action is critical, but the solutions must be sustainable and equitable.

Long-term planning is essential for ensuring that infrastructure can meet future demands, particularly as climate change continues to intensify. Many cities are beginning to integrate climate resilience into their infrastructure planning, recognizing that a proactive approach is necessary to safeguard public health and environmental quality.

As municipalities look to improve their water and wastewater systems, GPRS will be here to help ensure these projects stay on time, on budget, and safe. Through our subsurface damage prevention, existing conditions documentation, and project and facility management services, we help safeguard water and wastewater infrastructure.

What can we help you visualize?

GPRS Hosts Water & Sewer Damage Awareness Week

The cost to maintain the United States' aging wastewater infrastructure is not just a financial issue; it is a public health, environmental, and social justice concern.

This is why GPRS sponsors Water & Sewer Damage Awareness Week (WSDAW), an education and safety initiative for water and wastewater professionals in municipalities, organizations, and large facilities. Through these free safety presentations, we hope to help these individuals and entities regain control of their critical water and wastewater infrastructure.

Click here to register for a free WSDAW safety talk today!

Maintenance, Repair, and Operations (MRO) processes are crucial to the functionality and longevity of facilities of all shapes and sizes.

MRO involves a comprehensive set of activities, from routine maintenance and urgent repairs to ensuring the supply of essential operational tools and materials. Efficient MRO practices prevent costly downtime, optimize equipment life cycles, and ensure the safety of employees and assets.

A vital, though sometimes overlooked, aspect of successful MRO management is accurate existing conditions documentation. Understanding the current state of a facility enables faster decision-making, improves maintenance scheduling, and reduces operational risks.  

Key Components of MRO for Facilities

MRO encompasses several interrelated activities, each contributing to the operational sustainability of a facility. These can be categorized into three primary domains:

1. Maintenance
   • Routine or scheduled tasks to prevent equipment failures
   • Examples: Lubricating machinery, replacing air filters, conducting inspections
   • Often divided into preventive and predictive maintenance strategies
     • Preventive: Pre-planned intervals (e.g., monthly or annually) to replace components or perform maintenance tasks
     • Predictive: Uses data analytics, sensors, and condition-monitoring to predict when equipment might fail
2. Repair
   • Unplanned interventions to restore equipment or systems that have failed or degraded
   • Examples: Fixing a malfunctioning HVAC system, repairing electrical wiring, or patching roof leaks
   • The goal is to return the equipment to operational status as quickly as possible to minimize downtime
3. Operations Support
   • Encompasses tasks that support the smooth operation of the facility and its assets, such as procuring spare parts, managing equipment inventories, and keeping critical systems running
   • Examples: Monitoring environmental systems, stocking tools, and ensuring energy management practices are followed

MRO ensures that facilities operate efficiently, safely, and cost-effectively by reducing disruptions, enhancing asset reliability, and minimizing the need for capital reinvestments

The Challenges of Managing MRO for Facilities

Managing MRO activities across complex facilities can present several challenges. These obstacles often stem from information gaps, poor documentation, or ineffective communication between teams responsible for different maintenance and operational activities. Here are a few critical challenges organizations typically encounter:

1. Inconsistent or Inaccurate Documentation
   • If documentation is outdated, incomplete, or inaccurate, maintenance teams may struggle to locate key systems, identify problem areas, or determine proper repair protocols
   • Example: Finding discrepancies between the floor plans and the actual layout of HVAC systems can cause delays in servicing
2. Unscheduled Downtime and Emergency Repairs
   • When equipment unexpectedly fails, facilities must divert resources to address the issue, often at a higher cost
   • Without real-time information about the facility’s infrastructure, identifying the root cause of breakdowns becomes more complicated
3. Coordination and Communication Issues
   • MRO involves multiple stakeholders—facility managers, technicians, contractors, and suppliers—making coordination essential
   • Poor documentation can slow down communication and make it harder to deploy the right resources efficiently
4. Compliance and Safety Requirements
   • Facilities must meet regulatory requirements, and unplanned maintenance can create compliance issues if not documented and tracked properly

Addressing these challenges requires accurate, real-time information about the facility, which is where existing conditions documentation plays a pivotal role

What Is Existing Conditions Documentation?

Existing conditions documentation refers to the comprehensive, up-to-date records of the physical state and layout of a facility at a given point in time. These records typically include:

• Floor plans, blueprints, and schematics
• Diagrams of electrical, plumbing, and mechanical systems
• Asset inventories, including equipment models, serial numbers, and specifications
• Information about the condition of structural elements, such as walls, windows, and roofing
• Updated photos, 3D scans, or digital twins of facility interiors and exteriors

This documentation is often created using surveying techniques, photogrammetry, or laser scanning, providing highly accurate measurements and layouts. Modern facilities management systems often integrate this data with computer-aided facility management (CAFM) or building information modeling (BIM) software, giving teams a centralized platform to access and update relevant information.

How Accurate Documentation Supports MRO

1. Facilitates Faster Repairs
   • When equipment breaks down, having accurate schematics and system diagrams ensures that maintenance crews know exactly where to look and what tools or parts are needed
   • Example: A technician troubleshooting an HVAC issue can quickly locate ductwork, control panels, or valves based on the documented layouts, speeding up repairs
2. Optimizes Preventive and Predictive Maintenance
   • With comprehensive documentation, facility managers can implement more efficient preventive maintenance schedules and predictive strategies
   • Example: Knowing the installation dates, component specifications, and inspection histories of machinery helps predict when parts will need replacement, minimizing unplanned downtime
3. Improves Communication and Collaboration
   • Clear documentation ensures that all stakeholders—technicians, engineers, contractors, and managers—are aligned
   • Example: Contractors can use the same floor plans and system layouts as internal teams, reducing confusion during collaborative projects and major repairs
4. Reduces Operational Risks  
   • Accurate records help identify potential risks before they become serious problems
   • Example: If an electrical panel was recently replaced, documentation ensures it is inspected or tested correctly as part of the next routine inspection, reducing fire hazards or compliance risks
5. Supports Inventory and Asset Management
   • Having a detailed record of all assets allows MRO teams to track equipment life cycles, identify underperforming assets, and ensure that spare parts are available when needed
   • Example: A facility manager with access to real-time asset data can coordinate supply chain orders for tools or parts well before critical stock levels are depleted
6. Ensures Compliance and Regulatory Preparedness  
   • Facilities must comply with regulations regarding fire safety, environmental standards, and building codes. Accurate documentation makes audits easier and ensures repairs or updates meet compliance standards
   • Example: During an inspection, regulators may request documentation showing that a building's sprinkler system was installed and maintained correctly

How GPRS Services Support MRO of Facilities

Effective MRO practices are essential to maintaining the functionality, safety, and longevity of facilities.

However, these efforts are only as good as the information available to maintenance and operations teams. Accurate existing conditions documentation serves as a foundational tool for facilitating smooth maintenance processes, reducing repair times, improving collaboration, and minimizing operational risks. It provides maintenance teams with the insight needed to manage complex systems proactively, plan better preventive maintenance schedules, and respond swiftly to unexpected issues.

GPRS TruBuilt Existing Conditions As-Builts eliminate outdated and inaccurate as-builts and focus on real-time reality captured 2D CAD plan views that can integrate your infrastructure – above and below ground – to provide accurate existing conditions as-builts for your entire site or facility.

You’ll avoid clashes, reworks and change orders, reduce or eliminate costly mistakes, prevent damages and injuries, and eliminate communication bottlenecks and siloed workflows. And just like every GPRS drawing, map, and model, you can access, copy, download, and share your TruBuilt as-builts via SiteMap^® (patent pending) to keep your project on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^® (patent pending), powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.

Does SiteMap® Work with my Existing GIS Platform?

SiteMap^® allows for exporting of data to SHP, GeoJSON, GeoPackage, and DXF directly from any user’s account that either owns or has a job shared to their account. All these file formats can be imported and utilized by other GIS packages if manually imported by the user. More information can be found at SiteMap.com.

What is the difference between a design intent and as-built model?

DESIGN INTENT – Deliverables will be shown as a "best fit" to the point cloud working within customary standards, such as walls being modeled 90 degrees perpendicular to the floor, pipes and conduit modeled straight, floors and ceilings modeled horizontal, and steel members modeled straight. This will produce cleaner 2D drawings and will allow for easier dimensioning of the scan area. The deliverables will not exactly follow the scan data to maintain design intent standards. Most clients will want this option for their deliverables.

AS-BUILTS – Deliverables will be shown as close as possible to actual field capture. If walls are out of plumb, pipes and conduit show sag, floors and ceilings are unlevel, steel members show camber, etc., this will be reflected in the model. This will produce reality-capture deliverables, but 2D drawings may show “crooked” or out of plumb lines, floors will be sloped or contoured, steel members may show camber, twisting or impact damage. Dimensioning will not be as easy due being out of plumbness/levelness, etc. This option should be used when the exact conditions of the scan area is imperative. Clients using the data for fabrication, forensic analysis, bolt hole patterns, camber/sag/deformation analysis, and similar needs would require this option.

It’s one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, and an enduring archeological mystery that once served as the silver screen stand-in for the hiding place of the Holy Grail.

It’s the iconic monument known as the Khaznah, or Treasury, located in the center of the ancient city of Petra, Jordan. And we now know more about it thanks to a team of researchers, a TV show host, and ground penetrating radar.

Archaeologists led by American Center of Research Executive Director, Dr. Pearce Paul Creasman, recently discovered a tomb with at least 12 human skeletons and artifacts estimated to be at least 2,000 years old buried beneath the world-famous monument.

According to an article on CNN.com, the expedition was studying the Treasury to prove the validity of a years-long theory that two tombs found below the left side of the structure in 2003 were not the only secret underground chambers in the area.

Petra, and the Treasury specifically, have long captivated experts and novice archeologists alike who have debated its original purpose. The prevailing theory is that the monument serves as a mausoleum, but no skeletal remains have been found within the building itself.

Along with being a very popular tourist attraction, the Treasury has featured in several movies – the most famous being 1989’s “Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade,” where it stood in for the final resting place of the Holy Grail.

To determine what’s really buried beneath the Treasury, Creasman’s team deployed GPR scanners to see whether the physical features where the original tombs were found to the left of the monument matched those on the right.

GPR is a non-destructive imaging technology that utilizes radio waves to identify subsurface anomalies. A GPR scanner sends a radio signal into the ground or a surface such as a concrete slab, then detects the interactions between this signal and any buried objects. These interactions – sometimes referred to as “bounces” – are displayed in a GPR readout as a series of hyperbolas that vary in size and shape depending on the type of material that has been located. A professional GPR technician can then interpret this data to determine what was located and estimate the depth of that buried object.

GPR was originally invented in the 1930s as a tool for measuring the thickness of glaciers. It has evolved to serve a variety of industries, including becoming a vital tool for locating buried utilities prior to excavation.

The GPR scans collected by Creasman and his team indicated strong similarities between the physical features of the left and right sides of the Treasury. This was enough proof for the archaeologists to take to the Jordanian government to obtain permission to dig beneath the site.

Creasman then contacted Josh Gates, host of Discovery Channel’s “Expedition Unknown” to inform him of his team’s findings. Creasman has appeared on Gates’ show in the past, and he believed the television host would be interested in what his team had found in Jordan.

“I think we’ve got something,” the archaeologist said he told Gates on the phone.

Gates and his film crew were on hand to capture the team’s excavation of the newly uncovered tomb, within which they were surprised to find complete skeletal remains and grave goods made from bronze, iron, and ceramic. The discovery was unusual in a region where tombs are often found empty or disturbed. The tombs discovered on the left side of the Treasury in 2003 contained partial remains, but because the data from that excavation was not published it is unknown how many individuals were buried there.

Creasman told CNN that the intact burial will provide rare insights into the lives of the Nabataeans, ancient Arabian nomads whose desert kingdom thrived during fourth century BC to AD 106.

“This is a hugely rare discovery — in the two centuries that Petra has been investigated by archaeologists, nothing like this has been found before,” Gates said. “Even in front of one of the most famous buildings in the world … There are still huge discoveries to be made.”

GPRS Utilizes GPR to Keep Your Construction Projects on Track

GPR is the cornerstone of the origin story of GPRS. We wouldn't be here today if Matt Aston hadn’t discovered a GPR unit in an ad in the back of a magazine.

Over the past two decades, GPRS has expanded to add video pipe inspection, leak detection, 3D laser scanning, drone imaging, and mapping & modeling to the list of services we provide. Yet GPR has continued to play a key role in allowing us to help clients Intelligently Visualize the Built World^®.

GPR as a technology continues to improve by leaps and bounds. Combined with the knowledge and skill of our elite Project Managers, it can produce results that are clearer and more accurate than ever before.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

Does ground penetrating radar have any limitations?

GPR is highly effective at locating subsurface utilities and other materials. However, it does have certain limitations. Performing locating services on suboptimal ground and soil conditions, inclement weather, and the material of the object being located are just a few potential limiting factors.  Fortunately, GPRS Project Managers are specially trained to utilize alternative forms of utility locating technology, including electromagnetic (EM) locating, to compensate for these limitations.

Can GPR scanners be used on CMU walls?

Yes, we can use ground penetrating radar equipment on concrete masonry unit (CMU) walls and structures. GPR can also determine the presence or absence of grout, bond beams, vertical rebar, horizontal rebar, and joint reinforcing within the CMU structure.

Can GPR determine the exact size of a subsurface void cavity?

No. GPR equipment can identify the area where a void is occurring and the boundaries of that void. It cannot measure the void’s depth.

A recent shift in strategy from global infrastructure firm AECOM underscores the growing importance of sustainable construction practices.

AECOM is ramping up its climate adaptation and cleanup initiatives, expecting significant growth in these sectors. CEO Troy Rudd noted during a May earnings call that the complexity and size of construction projects have surged, with a tenfold increase in multibillion-dollar projects in the U.S. over the past decade. This evolution highlights the urgent need for sustainable practices in an era marked by environmental challenges, resource scarcity, and the demand for resilient infrastructure.

The Imperative of Sustainable Construction

The construction sector is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 39% of energy-related carbon emissions. As such, the transition to sustainable construction is not just an option but a necessity. This involves using environmentally friendly materials, reducing waste, and minimizing energy consumption throughout a building's lifecycle.

With AECOM's backlog reaching a record $23.7 billion, the company's commitment to sustainability is evident. Investments in sustainable infrastructure are projected to grow, driven by factors such as federal funding from initiatives like the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and increasing client demand for environmentally resilient solutions.

Key Drivers of Change

Several factors are pushing the construction industry toward sustainable practices:

1. Regulatory Pressures: New environmental regulations, such as the recent EPA designation of PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) as hazardous, are forcing construction firms to adopt cleaner technologies and practices.
2. Client Demand: As clients become more aware of sustainability, they are increasingly seeking firms that can deliver environmentally friendly solutions.
3. Technological Advancements: Innovations in materials and construction techniques are enabling more sustainable building practices. From recycled materials to energy-efficient technologies, these advancements reduce the environmental impact of construction projects.

Sustainable Materials and Design

The choice of materials plays a crucial role in sustainable construction. Traditional building materials like concrete and steel have high carbon footprints, prompting the industry to explore alternatives. Sustainable materials such as bamboo, recycled plastics, and engineered wood products offer lower environmental impacts while maintaining structural integrity.

Moreover, the design process itself is evolving. The principles of sustainable design emphasize not only energy efficiency but also water conservation, indoor environmental quality, and the use of renewable energy sources.

Lifecycle Considerations

Sustainable construction goes beyond initial material selection and design; it encompasses the entire lifecycle of a building, from construction to demolition. Lifecycle assessment (LCA) is a critical tool that evaluates the environmental impact of a building at every stage. By understanding the long-term implications of construction choices, firms can make informed decisions that enhance sustainability.

Community and Economic Benefits

Sustainable construction practices yield numerous benefits beyond environmental protection. They can enhance community resilience, improve public health, and drive economic growth. By investing in green infrastructure, municipalities can create jobs while addressing pressing environmental challenges.

Challenges and Opportunities Ahead

Despite the momentum toward sustainable construction, several challenges remain. The industry faces a labor shortage, making it difficult to find skilled workers trained in sustainable practices. Additionally, the upfront costs of sustainable materials and technologies can deter some clients from adopting these practices.

However, the potential for growth in the sustainable construction market is significant. As AECOM has identified, investments in infrastructure that enhance sustainability and resilience are likely to grow for years to come. The integration of sustainable practices into mainstream construction will not only mitigate environmental impacts but also position firms to thrive in an evolving market.

The Role of Collaboration

Collaboration is essential for advancing sustainable construction practices. Public-private partnerships can facilitate funding for large-scale projects, while interdisciplinary teams can leverage diverse expertise to solve complex challenges.

Furthermore, stakeholder engagement is crucial. Engaging communities in the planning process ensures that projects meet local needs while garnering public support. By incorporating input from diverse groups, construction firms can enhance the social sustainability of their projects.

The future of construction lies in its ability to adapt to changing environmental realities.

With the growing recognition of the need for sustainable practices, the construction industry stands at a crossroads. By embracing sustainability as a core value, firms can not only respond to regulatory demands and client expectations but also contribute to a healthier planet and society.

GPRS Services Support Sustainable Construction

Sustainable construction is more than a trend; it is an essential response to the pressing challenges posed by climate change, resource scarcity, and environmental degradation.

GPRS supports sustainable construction projects through our comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention, existing conditions documentation, and construction & facilities project management services.

Utilizing state-of-the-art technology and industry-leading practices, we Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of informational output do I get when I hire GPRS to conduct a utility locate?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor. Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap^® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^® (patent pending), powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.