industry insights

GPRS conducts CCTV drainage surveys to identify issues that could affect your drain system’s ability to properly function.

CCTV drainage surveys are part of our comprehensive suite of sewer and stormwater system inspection services. They’re the fastest and best way to completely assess the conditions of drains and sewers, including the main sewer line and lateral pipelines.

GPRS’ NASSCO-certified Project Managers pinpoint the exact location of blockages and other defects, then provide you with detailed WinCan reporting that lists these issues by severity and identifies them with both video and photographic evidence so you have a complete picture of the problem and can plan repairs accordingly.

How Drainage Surveys Work

GPRS Project Managers use state-of-the-art, remote-controlled crawlers and push-fed sewer scopes that are equipped with HD digital cameras and sondes: instrument probes that are detectable from the surface using electromagnetic (EM) locators and allow for mapping of buried sewer systems while they are being inspected for defects.

The Project Manager will run their crawler or scope through the drain system, inspecting it for defects such as clogs, inflow/infiltration, and cross bores. These issues will be geolocated, so you know exactly where you need to dig and can avoid costly and destructive exploratory potholing.

When Should CCTV Drainage Surveys Be Conducted?

If you own or manage an apartment complex, condominiums, commercial properties, or any other type of facility, drainage surveys should be added as an annual, preventative maintenance item to prevent blockages and backups.

Municipalities should also consider annual drainage surveys, and homeowners can also have their drain inspected to identify potential problems.

Drainage surveys can also identify the cause of issues like repeated and long periods of flooding in roadways, and to ensure the proper design and installation of new drainage system sewers, including the main line and lateral pipelines.

Why Can’t I Rent or Buy Drainage Survey Equipment Myself?

You can, but a standard CCTV drainage survey system can cost upwards of $1,000 a day to rent, and $70,000 to purchase. Then you need to know how to operate that equipment; one-day video pipe inspection training courses cost around $400 per person, and a single, two-day certification course through the National Association of Sewer Service Companies (NASSCO) costs upwards of $925 depending on what type of training you require for your project.

Instead, you can hire a professional drainage survey company like GPRS to assess your system quickly and accurately – and at a fraction of what you’ll spend to rent or buy the equipment yourself. Please contact us to learn more about pricing.

SiteMap^® Takes Drainage Surveys to the Next Level

Even accurate infrastructure data can’t help you get the job done right if you aren’t able to access that information when and where you need it.

That’s why GPRS introduced SiteMap^® (patent pending), our project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

SiteMap^® takes all the accurate, field-verified data collected on your site by our Project Managers and puts it in one single source of truth, securely accessible 24/7 from any computer, tablet, or smartphone.

That means not only our CCTV drainage surveys, but also 99.8% accurate utility locating and concrete imaging, pinpoint-accurate leak detection, 2-4mm accurate 3D laser scanning, and in-house mapping & modeling services are always at you and your team’s fingertips. You’ll eliminate the miscommunications that lead to costly and potentially dangerous mistakes, and plan, design, dig, manage, and ultimately build better.

From sewer pipes to skyscrapers, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep you on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What size pipes can GPRS inspect?

Our NASSCO-certified Project Managers can inspect pipes upwards of 2” in diameter.

What deliverables does GPRS offer when conducting CCTV drain surveys and other sewer pipe inspection services?

GPRS is proud to offer WinCan reporting to our Video Pipe Inspection clients. Maintaining sewers starts with understanding sewer condition, and WinCan allows GPRS Project Managers to collect detailed, NASSCO-compliant inspection data. GPRS Project Managers not only inspect the interior condition of sewer pipes, laterals, and manholes – they can also provide a map of their location. The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Department can provide detailed GPS overlays and CAD files. Our detailed WinCan/NASSCO reports contain screenshots of the interior condition of the pipe segments that we inspect, as well as a video file for further evaluation, documentation, and/or reference.

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Grid Deployment Office (DOE) has extended the public comment period on three potential National Interest Electric Transmission Corridors (NIETCs) through April 15, 2025. This extension underscores DOE's commitment to comprehensive public engagement and regulatory transparency as it moves forward with its phased designation process. The NIETC program’s goal is the modernization the U.S. electrical grid to address transmission inadequacies and to advance key national interests such as grid reliability, cost efficiency, and energy access.

Purpose of NIETCs

NIETCs are designated areas where transmission infrastructure inadequacies negatively impact electricity consumers and national energy priorities. The DOE has the authority to designate these corridors under Section 216 of the Federal Power Act, allowing for federal intervention in transmission planning and permitting when necessary.

The primary objectives of NIETCs include:

• Enhancing Grid Reliability: Addressing bottlenecks and improving the resiliency of the power grid to withstand demand fluctuations and extreme weather events

• Reducing Consumer Costs: Lowering electricity prices by enabling more efficient energy distribution and reducing congestion-related costs

• Supporting Renewable Energy Integration: Facilitating the expansion of renewable energy sources by improving transmission capacity from generation sites to consumption area

• Strengthening Energy Security: Reducing vulnerabilities in the energy supply chain by diversifying and strengthening transmission pathways

Explaining the Phases of the NIETC Designation Process

DOE has established a four-phase process for identifying and designating NIETCs. Phases one and two (preliminary identification and data collection & refinement) are completed. The current phase – Phase 3 – is public and governmental engagement. Upon the completion of phase 3, final designations will be made.

Here’s a brief breakdown of DOE’s phased process:

1. Phase 1: Preliminary Identification

• DOE conducts an initial analysis using transmission congestion studies, grid reliability assessments, and energy market data to identify potential areas for NIETC designation.

2. Phase 2: Data Collection and Refinement

• Additional technical analysis and consultations with stakeholders, state regulators, and regional transmission organizations (RTOs) refine the scope of potential NIETCs. DOE gathers input on economic, environmental, and social considerations.

3. Phase 3: Public and Governmental Engagement (Current Phase)

• This phase includes extensive public comment periods, environmental reviews under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and governmental consultations to refine geographic boundaries and evaluate potential impacts.

4. Phase 4: Final Designation

• DOE publishes final NIETC designation reports, incorporating findings from previous phases and public input. Official designation enables streamlined permitting processes and potential federal support for transmission projects.

Potential NIETCs in Phase 3

Three corridors have advanced to Phase 3, signaling their potential for final NIETC designation. These corridors were selected based on DOE’s analysis of grid needs and national energy priorities.

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• Lake Erie-Canada Corridor
  
   
  • Covers portions of Lake Erie and Pennsylvania
   
  • Addresses transmission constraints affecting electricity imports and exports between the U.S. and Canada.
   
  • Enhances reliability and cost-efficiency in regional energy markets
 
• Southwestern Grid Connector Corridor
  
   
  • Includes parts of Colorado, New Mexico, and a small portion of western Oklahoma
   
  • Strengthens interconnections between regional grids, supporting the integration of renewable energy from the Southwest
   
  • Reduces congestion and enhances system resilience against extreme weather events
 
• Tribal     Energy Access Corridor
  
   
  • Covers central portions of North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and five Tribal Reservations
   
  • Aims to improve energy access for Tribal communities by facilitating grid expansion and connection to broader electricity markets
   
  • Supports economic development and sovereignty by enabling greater utilization of local energy resource

What Are the Benefits of NIETCs?

Designating NIETCs offers several long-term benefits for the power industry, consumers, and policymakers:

• Improved Infrastructure Investment: Federal designation encourages private and public investment in transmission projects, expediting development timelines

• Enhanced Market Efficiency: Optimized transmission networks lead to reduced congestion costs and improved electricity market functionality

• Climate and Environmental Gains: Strengthened grid infrastructure supports the transition to renewable energy sources, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering emissions

• Regulatory Coordination: Federal oversight streamlines multi-jurisdictional permitting and regulatory approval processes, mitigating delays in transmission development

Reasons for Public Comment Extension

The DOE has extended the public comment period to ensure comprehensive stakeholder participation and a more thorough evaluation of the potential NIETCs. The extension serves several key purposes:

• Refining Geographic Boundaries: Stakeholder input will help DOE determine the most effective boundaries for each NIETC to maximize grid improvements and minimize environmental impacts and social disruptions

• Assessing Environmental and Socioeconomic Impacts: The extended period allows for a more detailed review of potential impacts under NEPA and other federal regulations

• Developing Tailored Public Engagement Plans: The DOE wants to craft customized engagement strategies for affected communities, state agencies, and industry stakeholders to address concerns and incorporate feedback

• Ensuring Regulatory Compliance: Additional time allows for a more rigorous assessment of legal and procedural requirements, reducing risks of litigation or project delays

Next Steps

Following the close of the public comment period on April 15, 2025, DOE will:

• Analyze public and governmental feedback to refine NIETC proposals

• Determine necessary environmental review obligations in Winter and Spring 2025

• Conduct detailed environmental impact assessments as required

• Publish draft designation reports and environmental documents for additional public review

The expansion of NIETCs is a crucial step in modernizing the U.S. transmission network, enhancing energy reliability, and facilitating the transition to a cleaner, more efficient power grid. By extending the public comment period, DOE ensures a more inclusive and rigorous process that balances technical feasibility, environmental responsibility, and stakeholder interests. As the power industry continues to evolve, NIETC designations will play a vital role in shaping the future of national energy infrastructure.

GPRS works closely with the power industry to give them the information they need by showing them what lies beneath, so they can upgrade, modernize, and expand their operations with fewer accidents, delays, and cost overruns. That’s what we call Intelligently Visualizing The Built World®.

What can we help you visualize?

A Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) is not just a technical drawing – it’s a graphic representation used in many industries that brings complex systems to life. Think of it as the nervous system of an industrial facility, mapping out how each part interacts, flows, and functions together. This visualization is crucial for comprehending intricate processes in sectors like manufacturing, power plants, and chemical refining.

In the world of Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC), the accuracy of a P&ID can mean the difference between seamless operations and costly mistakes. But how does this seemingly simple diagram hold so much power?

Why P&IDs Matter to the AEC Industry

3D laser scanning has transformed the creation and maintenance of P&IDs by providing accurate, real-world data that enhances documentation, design precision, and system reliability. By capturing existing conditions with high accuracy, 3D laser scanning ensures that P&IDs reflect as-built conditions, reducing discrepancies between design and reality.

This technology streamlines workflows by eliminating the need for manual measurements, reducing human error, and facilitating seamless integration with CAD and BIM models.

Additionally, 3D laser scanning enhances collaboration which provides a digital representation of piping and instrumentation systems, allowing stakeholders to make informed decisions regarding system modifications, maintenance, and compliance. Engineers leveraging 3D laser scanning for P&ID development benefit from increased efficiency, improved safety, and reduced project costs.

Why Proper P&ID Design Matters

Creating precise and well-structured P&IDs is critical for ensuring operational efficiency, regulatory compliance, and overall project success. Below are the key reasons why proper P&ID design are essential:

• Enables Communication: P&IDs serve as a standardized reference for engineers, operators, and maintenance personnel, ensuring a shared understanding of system design and functionality. By providing a consistent and universally recognized format, P&IDs enhance communication and collaboration.

• Simplifies Modifications: When system changes or expansions are necessary, P&IDs provide a clear visual representation, allowing stakeholders to plan modifications efficiently. This proactive approach reduces downtime and resource spending by enabling teams to assess and implement changes without immediate physical alterations.

• Enhances Safety and Compliance: Properly designed P&IDs ensure that all components are accurately positioned and connected, minimizing the risk of errors that could lead to hazardous conditions. Additionally, well-maintained P&IDs support adherence to industry regulations and safety standards, which facilitates audits and inspections effectively.

Understanding P&ID Elements

To effectively use a P&ID, you need to understand its key components and symbols:

Equipment Symbols

Each component depicted: instruments, equipment, heat exchangers, vessels, pipe, motors, interconnecting lines, and more are represented by specific standardized symbols. Understanding these symbols is essential for interpreting the layout and function of the system.

Main Components

1. Piping and Flow Directions

P&IDs illustrate the interconnection of pipes using lines of varying thickness and type, representing different pipe classifications. Arrows along these lines indicate the flow direction of fluids, gases, or steam. This helps engineers and operators trace process sequences from start to finish.

• Straight Line: Symbolizes a pipeline segment

• Elbow: Shows a shift in the pipe’s direction

• Valve: Indicates a device regulating fluid flow

• Flange: Represents a joint connecting two pipes

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2. Valves and Fittings

Valves control the flow within the system and are represented by different symbols based on their type, such as gate, globe, ball, and check valves. This illustrates control points and connections within the system, offering a clear view of how fluids or gases are directed, regulated, and managed throughout the network. Fittings like elbows, tees, and reducers are also detailed in the diagram, demonstrating how various piping components are connected.

3. Instrumentation and Control Devices

Instrumentation is represented by unique symbols that identify pressure, temperature, level, and flow sensors, gauges, as well as controllers and actuators. Each instrument is tagged with a unique identifier that provides critical information about its function, measurement type, and location within the process.

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4. Tanks and Vessels

Tanks and vessels are used for storage and processing within a system. They play a vital role in maintaining process flow and ensuring that materials are available as required for different stages of production.

Creating a P&ID Using 3D Laser Scanning

As facilities change, P&IDs often become outdated. 3D laser scanning provides cost-effective and accurate way to update them.

GPRS uses LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging)-based 3D laser scanners to capture millions of precise measurement points in a short time. Each point has x, y, and z coordinates, giving a detailed view of the facility.

With this data, engineers and facility managers can create or update P&IDs with high accuracy. This ensures design, maintenance, and compliance decisions are based on reliable information. Here’s how this technology streamlines P&ID creation and facility management:

1. Accurate As-Built Data Collection

3D laser scanning uses LiDAR-based scanners to capture detailed measurements of a facility’s piping and instrumentation in high resolution. This helps document all existing structures, connections, and system components with accuracy before a P&ID is developed or revised.

2. Conversion to 2D and 3D Models

Once a site is 3D laser scanned, the captured data is processed into a 3D point cloud, which can be converted into 2D CAD drawings or full-scale 3D Building Information Modeling (BIM) models. These models serve as the foundation for generating highly accurate and up-to-date P&IDs.

3. Reducing Errors and Improving Workflow Efficiency with 3D Laser Scanning

Traditional methods of creating P&IDs rely on manual measurements and legacy documentation, which can lead to errors. 3D laser scanning provides an accurate, existing conditions reference, reducing discrepancies to improve outcomes.

4. Integrating 3D Laser Scanning with Digital Platforms for Improved Workflow

3D laser scanning outputs can be integrated with GIS infrastructure software like GPRS’ SiteMap^® (patent pending) to provide interactive, layered utility maps and updated P&IDs. This allows project teams to manage real-time data for design, construction, and maintenance workflows.

5. Streamlined Modifications and Upgrades in the O&M Phase

During the Operations and Maintenance Phase, when modifications or upgrades are required, GPRS leverages 3D laser scanning to provide a precise and reliable baseline of existing conditions. This empowers engineers to plan changes with efficiency, minimizing disruptions to ongoing operations. By integrating these updates into the P&ID, engineers gain access to accurate, as-built documentation that mirrors the actual layout of the facility. This method enhances operational efficiency, streamlines maintenance planning, and ensures that future upgrades are implemented quickly.

Maximizing Project Efficiency with Digital P&ID Integration

P&IDs are indispensable tools in the AEC industry, providing a comprehensive visual representation of process systems. The use of 3D laser scanning for P&ID creation and updates enhances accuracy and efficiency. Platforms like GPRS’ SiteMap^® support better document management and accessibility, improving coordination across teams and reducing the risks associated with outdated records.

Why Choose GPRS 3D Laser Scanning and SiteMap® Services?

GPRS 3D laser scanning services document the exact architectural, structural, and MEP system layout and dimensions of existing buildings, facilities, and sites.

We have captured as built site conditions for water treatment plants and wastewater treatment plants from 40 MGD to 1 BGD, documenting the interior and exterior of buildings; foundations; structural, mechanical, electrical and plumbing features; equipment, motors, conduit and piping down to ½ inch diameter.

This valuable data is easily accessible to you and your team through SiteMap^®, our GIS software. SiteMap^® integrates as-built documentation, offering a digital platform to manage and visualize critical facility information, ensuring seamless decision-making and streamlined operations to keep your projects on-time, on-budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions:

How do I read a P&ID?

To read a P&ID, it's important to understand the meaning of various symbols used to represent pipes, valves, equipment, and instruments. Each symbol is constructed using standardized graphical elements and connecting lines to show how components are connected and how the system operates. By familiarizing yourself with these symbols, and referencing accurate data from 3D laser scanning, you can easily interpret the flow, control systems, and components within the facility. Understanding the layout and flow paths depicted on a P&ID allows for better decision-making in design, maintenance, and operations.

Can I create a P&ID from 3D laser scanning?

P&IDs cannot be directly generated from 3D laser scan data. Instead, the initial Process Flow Diagram (PFD) is developed using point cloud data, and the instrumentation is then added through engineering expertise and research.

How does 3D laser scanning improve P&ID accuracy?

By capturing real-world data, 3D laser scanning eliminates the need for manual measurements or outdated records, ensuring that P&IDs reflect the true layout of equipment, piping, and control systems, reducing errors and discrepancies.

The end of TGL’s inaugural season is nigh.

The high-tech simulator golf league created by TMRW Sports, a sports entertainment venture backed by Tiger Woods and Rory Mcllroy, will conclude its first season this month. Playoffs begin on March 17 and conclude the week of March 24.

Opinions are still mixed on the long-term viability of the league itself, But the venue where matches are played has garnered near-universal approval. It’s important to remember, however, that SoFi Center would have looked and functioned very differently had fate – and Mother Nature – not intervened in November 2023.

SoFi sits on the campus of Palm Beach State College, in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. The state-of-the-art, 250,000-square-foot stadium is a 1,500-seat, steel-roofed structure built around the largest golf simulator screen in the world and a 41-yard wide, rotating putting green with built-in actuators to adjust the playing surface between holes.

SoFi Center was originally conceived as a domed stadium with an air-supported roof. Construction on that version of the facility was nearly complete when, in November 2023, an overnight power outage caused the dome to collapse.

Later that same day, severe storms whipped through Palm Beach Gardens and tore the canvas roof from the system of cables supporting it. Everything inside the stadium – including the state-of-the-art simulator and putting green – were left susceptible to the elements.

TGL was originally set to kick off its inaugural season just two months later, in January 2024. Organizers first discussed delaying the start to the fall, but due to the extensive damage and to maintain the original plan of using the NFL’s postseason to promote the fledgling league, they ultimately postponed the start a full year.

"It became obvious that the damage was going to be a lot worse than what I was originally told," TMRW Sports CEO Mike McCarley told ESPN. "By the end of that day, we knew the date that we had picked was no longer reasonable."

That extended delay allowed for an extensive redesign of the center, which would be transformed from a domed stadium into a steel-structured arena with a traditional roof.

"The first time I heard the words 'blessing in disguise' was from Tiger Woods, and [the delay] allowed us to do a lot of things that may have had to wait until Season 2," McCarley said. "From a tech standpoint, it gave our teams more time to kind of build their community and market and promote having the lab in Palm Beach. It gave the players more time to come in and test and give us feedback.

"That blessing in disguise is probably an apt description because there are a lot of things that were improved with the benefit of time."

SoFi Center is the exception to the rule; storm damage is rarely viewed as a blessing in disguise when it comes to sporting venues and other large facilities.

But designing these structures to withstand natural disasters is difficult, given the increasing frequency and severity of these events.

Less than four hours to the west of Palm Beach Gardens, in St. Petersburg, Florida, local government officials, Major League Baseball, and the Tampa Bay Rays are still coming to grips with the damage that Hurricane Milton caused last year to the 34-year-old Tropicana Field.

The Rays’ home since their inaugural season saw its canvas roof torn to shreds by Milton’s 120 mph winds. That roof was built to withstand winds of up to 115 miles per hour.

Subsequent heavy rains caused extensive damage inside the ballpark. St. Petersburg’s City Council just recently approved over $950,000 for the next phase of repairs to the stadium, which they’re hoping to have ready by opening day of the 2026 MLB season. This season, the Rays will play home games at Steinbrenner Field in Tampa – the spring training home of their AL East division rivals, the New York Yankees.

"We deeply appreciate that the Yankees have graciously allowed us to play at Steinbrenner Field for the 2025 season,’’ Rays Principal Owner Stuart Sternberg said in a prepared statement. "The hurricane damage to Tropicana Field has forced us to take some extraordinary steps, just as Hurricanes Helene and Milton have forced thousands of families and businesses in our community to adapt to new circumstances as we all recover and rebuild.’’

The Challenge of Fighting Mother Nature

The United States is grappling with escalating challenges in safeguarding its buildings and infrastructure against the rising threat of natural disasters. As climate change amplifies the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events—such as hurricanes, wildfires, floods, and earthquakes—the need for resilient buildings and infrastructure has never been more pressing.

But efforts to strengthen the nation’s physical framework are hindered by financial, regulatory, social, and technical barriers. Outdated infrastructure, funding limitations, and resistance to change create a complex path toward a safer, disaster-resistant future.

A key challenge lies in the age of the nation’s infrastructure. As was the case with Tropicana Field, much of it was constructed decades ago, before modern building codes accounted for climate-related risks. The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) reports that many bridges, roads, and public buildings are in "poor" or "mediocre" condition, making them highly susceptible to damage or collapse during disasters.

The retrofitting process for aging infrastructure is particularly challenging, as it often requires extensive structural modifications. Many older bridges, for instance, were not built to withstand the level of flooding or high winds experienced in recent years. Additionally, projects such as reinforcing levees or upgrading flood barriers involve intricate engineering work and lengthy construction timelines, causing disruptions to daily life. As these structures continue to deteriorate, the risk of catastrophic failures grows.

GPRS can be the first step in helping you rebuild after a natural disaster – but we can also help you proactively assess your facility or campus to plan responsible investments in resiliency projects.

Our utility locating, concrete imaging, 3D laser scanning, video pipe inspection, and mapping & modeling services give you an accurate and complete picture of the Built World above ground and beneath your feet. And all this data is at your fingertips 24/7 thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), our facility and project management platform that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

From stadiums to skyscrapers, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap^® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^® (patent pending), powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.

Does SiteMap^® Work with my Existing GIS Platform?

SiteMap^® allows for exporting of data to SHP, GeoJSON, GeoPackage, and DXF directly from any user’s account that either owns or has a job shared to their account. All these file formats can be imported and utilized by other GIS packages if manually imported by the user. More information can be found at SiteMap.com.

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locators have the capability of locating any buried elements that could obstruct a trenching, boring or drilling project. Anything from a gas line, to post tension cables, to a 200-year-old time capsule can be picked up by these scanners.

But if someone who is not an expert scans a job site and doesn’t know what to look for, they can actually do more harm than good.

The operator’s attention to detail can be the difference between a clean locate and a utility strike. The best site results are accomplished when the utility locator is well-trained on multiple technologies and is an expert at analyzing the data that comes from them.

Ensuring the precision and expertise of utility locators is the guiding principle of Subsurface Investigation Methodology, or SIM.

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What is SIM?

Subsurface Investigation Methodology is a standard operating procedure and set of professional specifications that work as a guide for utility locating experts when scanning for buried utility lines.  It is also the standard GPRS requires for its Field Team and Project Managers.

SIM-certified utility locators provide superior results including GPRS’ industry leading 99.8% accuracy rate on scans from hundreds of thousands of projects.

SIM’s purpose is to yield precise results and lower hit rates through its three primary elements: experience-based training, technological strategies, and comprehensive methods.

Experience-Based Training

Experience-based training, the first and arguably most important element of SIM, is a three-step process that requires 80 hours of hands-on training in a classroom setting and 320 hours of mentorship in the field. For reference, The American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT) recommends eight hours as a minimum for training and 60 hours practicing GPR to be certified NDT Level I in ground penetrating radar.

The first step of experience-based training is pre-classroom field mentoring. GPRS fulfills this requirement by placing each Project Management candidate in the field with a working SIM-certified Project Manager. Doing so exposes a candidate to the responsibilities and expectations of the position while also getting a feel for GPRS’ work culture and environment.

Once the pre-classroom field monitoring period is completed, the next step is classroom training which is two weeks with 40 hours of classes per week. The real-world applications the workers were taught in the field allows these 80 hours in class to be more effective. Some of the topics covered in training are:

• Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)
• GPR Principles
• EM Principles
• Pre-Scan and Post-Scan Site Communication
• Target Mark Out
• Underground Utility Locating Procedures

The third step of the experience-based training is post-classroom mentorship. After spending the previous two weeks in the classroom, GPRS’ new Field Team members return to the field with a whole new understanding of the technology and the SIM process. These candidates are not considered Project Managers until they receive approval from their Area Manager.

Even though the three-step process of experience-based training may be over once the Project Managers gain that approval, there is also ongoing OSHA, safety, and technical training along with quality checks of their work.

Technological Strategies

SIM requires the use of multiple complementary technologies during subsurface utility investigations to obtain the most accurate findings. The more data the utility locating experts, in GPRS’s case, our Project Managers, collect, the more likely the findings are to be accurate, producing the best outcome. The most effective pieces of technology for this strategy are ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locators. Each scanner’s results are used to confirm the other’s findings to make sure those findings are accurate.

Comprehensive Methods

The third element of SIM is comprehensive methodology which is essentially the perfect combination of the experience based training and technological strategies. The methodology of SIM is developed through proper training in subsurface investigation techniques and advanced equipment knowledge to create a standardized and structured system for utility locating experts to adhere to.

GPRS’ Project Managers follow these proven protocols to achieve an industry-leading 99.8% accuracy rate and to keep projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What Are the Industry Standards for Utility Locating?

Despite SIM’s proven precision and accuracy, it is not the industry-wide standard. In fact, there is no industry-wide standard for utility locating, or concrete imaging. The utility locating industry is a bit like the wild west because anyone who can afford the equipment can offer to scan properties and work sites despite their lack of training or experience. The purpose of SIM is to tame the bucking bronco that is the utility locating industry to ensure professional utility locators are properly trained and educated to supply accurate results to each client.

How Are the Utility Scan Results Delivered to Clients?

When GPRS Project Managers finish a scan of underground utilities, the information is captured digitally for reference and future use on GPRS’ cloud-based platform SiteMap^®.

SiteMap^® is a project and facility management application that allows GPRS’ clients to have the data collected by Project Managers securely stored and shared. Thanks to the SiteMap^® Mobile App, the industry leading 99.8% accurate scans are available 24/7 on smartphones or tablets.

Our SIM-certified Project Managers are trained to Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® to help you keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe. What can we help you visualize?

A solar farm in Texas need to replace damaged collector lines running from the thousands of solar panels on the property.

But first, they needed to locate those lines.

GPRS Project Managers Scott Moore and Miguel Campos, and Area Manager Keith Knoblock were called out to the roughly 1,200-acre property in East Bernard, Texas, where local wildlife had been digging up and gnawing on the lines which collect and transport electricity from solar cells.

“Whoever did the installation work wasn’t the company that we were contracted with,” Moore explained. “When they buried the lines, they did a great job keeping everything in order, everything in line, but they didn’t put anything in conduit. These lines are about the size of like a cable TV line, and so what happened is the wildlife in that environment would like to have dinner via those lines, so they were shorting out and burning up a lot of these combiner boxes and fun stuff like that.”

The GPRS team used electromagnetic (EM) locators to find the damaged collector lines.

Unlike ground penetrating radar (GPR), which utilizes radio waves to detect buried utilities and other subsurface obstructions, EM locators detect the electromagnetic signals radiating from metallic pipes and cables.

EM locators can operate in both active and passive mode.

Active Location Mode is used to trace, identify, and pinpoint a buried line. It also can be used to measure the depth estimation of the buried line, or the signal current on that line.

Passive sweeps are used to mark the location of unidentified, buried lines prior to breaking ground. Passive signals can originate from a variety of sources:

Power

• Current flowing through a live electrical wire
• Cathodic protection for pipelines
• Stray currents from power transmission systems can use any conductive pipe as a return path

Note: Finding a power reading does not necessarily mean that an electrical line has been located. The line should be identified by tracing it to its source or an electrical structure.

Radio‍

• Any conductive pipe or utility can act as an antenna for radio wave transmissions in the atmosphere and enter the ground
• Some active phone lines
• Stray currents from power transmission systems can use any conductive pipe as a return path

Note: Radio Mode cannot calculate depth readings. Once a radio reading has been found, induction could be used to assist with tracing and depths.

Rebar

• Reinforcing such as rebar and mesh will often re-radiate these signals and can provide false positive readings
• Raising the receiver and adjusting the gain to eliminate the weaker readings from the rebar may allow the stronger reading from the utility to be traced
• After adjusting the height, a GPRS Project Manager will continue sweeping and tracing at that height

Because of the damage to the collector lines, Moore and his fellow GPRS team members needed to locate them with passive sweeps.

“Since a lot of these lines were melted, chewed through, things like that, really you couldn’t actively locate them,” he explained. “So, we were basically locating these lines with our passive methods, which turned out to be just the quickest way to handle this job.”

The solar farm operator wanted to move fast to repair the damaged lines and ensure their operation was working at full capacity. Throughout the project, their repair crews were often working right behind GPRS; no sooner would we locate the lines then they would excavate and replace them with new lines encased in protective conduit.

But thanks to the efficiency of GPRS’ SIM-certified utility locating process, our team ended up outpacing the repair crew.

“We got to where we were weeks ahead of their rate of pace, which they were happy with,” Moore said.

In addition to marking the location of the collector lines with spray paint and flags, Moore and his team members uploaded all the data they collected into SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect assets and people.

SiteMap^® is a single source of truth for the critical infrastructure data needed to eliminate the costly and potentially dangerous mistakes caused by miscommunications. Securely accessible 24/7 from any computer, tablet, or smartphone, SiteMap^® allows you and your project team to plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better.

With SiteMap^®, the solar farm operators will have accurate data on the connector lines pulling electricity from the hundreds of solar panels on their property, which will help ensure the safety of any future maintenance projects.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of informational output is provided when I hire GPRS to conduct a utility locate?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. And all this data is uploaded into SiteMap^® for your 24/7, secure access.

GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor. Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Will I need to mark out the utilities that GPRS locates?

GPRS will locate and mark all utilities for you. We have a variety of tools and markers we can use to highlight the locations of utilities, underground storage tanks (USTs) and whatever else may be buried on your site.

GPRS confirmed the accuracy of 811-registered utility locates and discovered an unmarked stormwater system running across the intended path of an 80-foot-long trench, ensuring the safe installation of deep well anodes along an existing gas distribution line.

GPRS Project Manager Darrell Fernandez was called out to San Pablo, California, where a contractor was installing deep well anodes along the line in a residential neighborhood.

What Are Deep Well Anodes?

Deep well anodes are a system of vertically drilled anodes designed to protect buried structures such as pipelines and storage tanks from corrosion. An anode is placed in a conductive backfill material deep within the ground, typically in a drilled well, to reach layers with lower electrical resistance, allowing for a more efficient distribution of current to protect the other buried, metal structures by acting as a sacrificial metal that corrodes instead of the protected structure.

The anodes are connected to a power source, causing a current to flow from them to the buried facilities, preventing the latter’s corrosion.

The Problem

The contractor in San Pablo had already followed the law by reaching out to the state’s 811 center, which notified the registered utility owners of the planned excavation so that they could provide the approximate location of their facilities buried in the project area.

811 is the national, not-for-profit notification service that acts as a link among excavators, contractors, and participating member utility companies. Federal law requires that 811 be notified of upcoming excavation projects, so they can in turn notify the utility companies who send representatives to the site to mark their utilities with flags or paint.

But while the contractor, 811, and the utility owners had all done their part to ensure a safe excavation, the contractor knew there was a storm drain system running through the site that had not been fully marked by any of the partner utilities – and they did not have an accurate map or understanding of this system’s condition.

Because not all utilities are registered with 811, it’s vital that, in addition to contacting your local 811 center, you hire a professional utility locating company like GPRS to fully map and mark the buried infrastructure on your site before you break ground.

The Solution

Typically, GPRS would map and inspect a stormwater system using video pipe inspection, our sewer line inspection service that utilizes remote-controlled crawlers and push-fed sewer scopes equipped with sondes: instrument probes that allow us to track these devices’ path while they are inspecting a buried sewer pipe.

This means we can map a buried sewer system at the same time we’re inspecting it for defects and damage such as cross bores, inflow/infiltration, clogs, and more.

The storm drain manholes on this job, however, were clogged inside the inlets, making it impossible to access with a crawler or sewer scope.

So, Fernandez instead turned to GPRS’ namesake technology: ground penetrating radar.

GPR scanners emit radio waves into the ground or a surface such as concrete, then detect the interactions between these signals and any subsurface obstructions such as buried utilities, embedded supports, or underground storage tanks (USTs).

Fernandez and his fellow GPRS Project Managers are specially trained to interpret the readouts from GPR scanners to determine where objects are buried and provide an estimated depth for these obstructions. In this residential neighborhood in San Pablo, Fernandez was able to use his GPR unit to find the stormwater system.

“I ended up seeing an anomaly with GPR, which led straight to the storm drain manhole which was clogged up,” he said. “The anomaly I found went straight through the middle of their work area... [So,] we saved the customer from hitting this storm line, which was in the trench path.”

During his investigation, Fernandez also found several other unknown utilities crossing the intended trench path. Had the contractor hit even one of these lines during trenching, they could have knocked out utilities to the surrounding neighborhood, and saddled themselves with costly utility repairs that would have delayed work and decimated their schedule and budget. And their workers, not to mention the residents of the neighborhood, could have been put in danger.

“The client was pleased that the storm drain and a few unknowns were found,” Fernandez said.

The data Fernandez collected was uploaded into SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

Securely accessible 24/7 from any computer, tablet, or smartphone, SiteMap^® is a single source of truth for the vital infrastructure data you and your team needs to plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better. It eliminates the mistakes caused by miscommunications and streamlines the collaboration process for everyone involved in your projects.

The best part: every GPRS customer receives complimentary SiteMap^® Personal access with every utility locate.

From storm drains to skyscrapers, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What all do I get when I hire GPRS to conduct a utility locate?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor.

Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

Two New York developers are seeking nearly $5 billion in federal loans to level the former Commodore Hotel in New York City and replace it with a 1,575-foot-tall office and hotel tower.

RXR and TF Cornerstone have proposed the project, which would see the hotel – most recently known as the Hyatt Grand Central New York – leveled and replaced with a 1,575-foot-tall office and hotel tower, according to a recent Business Insider article. This $6.5 billion construction project would result in the tallest skyscraper by roof height ever built in America – and the most expensive. This includes about $550 million worth of accompanying transit improvements the developers intend to make as part of the project.

Business Insider also reported that the developers have “imagined improving portions of the historic neighboring train terminal and the subway station below the site.”

To help pay for what has been dubbed the 175 Park Avenue Project, RXR and TF Cornerstone plan to apply for as much as $4.84 billion in federal loans to help pay for the tower, according to a list of mostly transportation-related projects seeking federal money earmarked for transit-infrastructure development and upgrades.

Scott Rechler, CEO and chair of RXR, told Business Insider that the project team behind 175 Park Avenue is attempting to secure federal loans for the project due to ongoing disruptions in the lending market, which have made securing financing from private-sector lenders challenging.

Banks, life insurance companies, debt funds, and other mortgage debt providers have retreated from office financing due to concerns over the impact of rising interest rates on property values and vacancies driven by the sustained popularity of hybrid and remote work.

Trey Morsbach, an executive managing director at JLL and co-leader of the firm’s real estate debt advisory practice, noted to Business Insider that even in favorable leasing and lending environments, securing financing for multibillion-dollar office developments was complex. These projects typically require multiple lenders to share the loan and mitigate risk.

For example, One Vanderbilt—a roughly 1,400-foot-tall tower that opened in 2020 near Grand Central Terminal—secured a $1.5 billion construction loan from a consortium of six banks in 2016 to move forward.

Morsbach added that lenders continue to fund office construction, largely because there’s a growing belief that newly built, high-end spaces will outperform the broader market. However, the pool of active financing groups has dwindled, making it more difficult for projects like 175 Park Avenue, which depend on lending consortiums and market liquidity, to secure funding.

Lenders "are interested but just aren't willing to commit the same scale," Morsbach said.

The lending programs RXR and TF Cornerstone are looking to apply for are called the Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act and Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing. These programs offer low-cost financing and payback periods of 35 years or more.

While initially intended for transit upgrades, the programs were updated in 2021 as part of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act to allow funding for private development “within a half mile walking distance of transit – commuter and intercity passenger rail stations,” a DOT spokesperson told Business Insider.

But according to the publication, few builders have tapped the money despite the RRIF holding about $30 billion in unused funds. Many developers have reportedly stayed away, at least in part due to the tedious qualification process. The 175 Park Avenue project will need to receive an investment-grade credit rating from a major ratings agency and pass a federal environmental review to receive the financing.

Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh, the Earle W. Kazis and Benjamin Schore professor of real estate at Columbia Business School, told Business Insider that “it’s extremely cumbersome to access that money,” but added that the cost benefits for successfully sourcing a federal loan at the scale necessary for a project as large as 175 Park Avenue versus a private one would be “absolutely astronomical” for the developers.

Regardless of how they’re funded, redevelopment projects of all shapes and sizes require accurate data to stay on time, on budget, and safe.

You need to know what’s already in the ground before you dig. And you need to keep track of progress as you build.

GPRS supports your projects through our comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention, existing conditions documentation, and construction & facilities project management services. We offer precision concrete scanning and utility locating, pinpoint-accurate leak detection, NASSCO-certified sewer line inspections, 2-4mm accurate 3D laser scanning, and in-house mapping & modeling tailored to your project’s specific needs.

All this accurate, actionable data is at your fingertips 24/7 thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to help keep you on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

Will I need to mark out the utilities that GPRS locates?

GPRS will locate and mark all utilities for you. We have a variety of tools and markers we can use to highlight the locations of utilities, underground storage tanks and whatever else may be hiding.

What is the difference between a design intent and as-built model?

‍DESIGN INTENT – deliverables will be shown as a "best fit" to the point cloud working within customary standards, such as walls being modeled 90 degrees perpendicular to the floor, pipes and conduit modeled straight, floors and ceilings modeled horizontal, and steel members modeled straight. This will produce cleaner 2D drawings and will allow for easier dimensioning of the scan area. The deliverables will not exactly follow the scan data to maintain design intent standards. Most clients will want this option for their deliverables.

AS-BUILTS – deliverables will be shown as close as possible to actual field capture. If walls are out of plumb, pipes and conduit show sag, floors and ceilings are unlevel, steel members show camber, etc., this will be reflected in the model. This will produce reality-capture deliverables, but 2D drawings may show “crooked” or out of plumb lines, floors will be sloped or contoured, steel members may show camber, twisting or impact damage. Dimensioning will not be as easy due being out of plumbness/levelness, etc. This option should be used when the exact conditions of the scan area is imperative. Clients using the data for fabrication, forensic analysis, bolt hole patterns, camber/sag/deformation analysis, and similar needs would require this option.

Microplastics have become a global environmental concern.

Measuring less than five millimeters in length, these particles of plastic are found in waterways, oceans, and even in the food chain. The World Health Organization estimates that freshwater sources can have up to 1,000 particles of microplastics per liter.

As efforts to understand and mitigate the spread of microplastics intensify, every element of wastewater treatment is being analyzed. This has led to questions about whether grinders, a key component in wastewater treatment facilities, play a role in the creation of microplastics.

Understanding Microplastics and Their Classifications

Microplastics are classified into two main types: primary and secondary. Primary microplastics are manufactured as small particles, such as microbeads found in cosmetics. Secondary microplastics, on the other hand, are formed when larger plastic items break down into smaller fragments due to physical, chemical, or biological processes. Common sources include the breakdown of synthetic textiles, tire wear, and litter in the environment.

The Role of Grinders in Wastewater Treatment

Also known as comminutors or macerators, grinders are mechanical devices used in wastewater treatment facilities to break down solid waste, including plastic materials. They are designed to reduce large objects into smaller pieces, making it easier for downstream treatment processes.

Because grinders break down plastic materials, and because secondary microplastics are formed when large plastic items are broken down, it’s not much of a stretch to think that grinders could be responsible for creating microplastics.

But according to wastewater treatment professionals, this is a misconception.

Grinders typically produce larger cross-cut strips of plastic rather than the tiny particles defined as microplastics. While they contribute to the fragmentation of plastic waste, the resulting pieces are generally larger than five millimeters.

Common Sources of Microplastics

Research has shown that the primary contributors to microplastic pollution are not grinders, but other sources, including:

• Laundering Synthetic Textiles: Washing clothes made of synthetic materials, such as polyester and nylon, releases microfibers into wastewater systems. These microfibers are classified as microplastics and often pass through treatment facilities.
• Tire Wear: As vehicles move, the friction between tires and roads generates tiny plastic particles. These particles eventually make their way into the environment through stormwater runoff.
• City Dust: Urban areas generate microplastic particles from various sources, including construction materials, vehicle emissions, and discarded plastic waste.

Grinders and Microplastics: Fact vs. Misconception

The idea that grinders are a major source of microplastics is based on a misunderstanding of their function.

While grinders break down plastic waste into smaller pieces, these fragments are typically not small enough to be classified as microplastics. In fact, grinders can play a role in preventing microplastic pollution by reducing large plastic waste that might otherwise escape into the environment.

Grinders can help prevent blockages in wastewater systems, reducing the likelihood of untreated wastewater being released into natural water bodies. However, their role in microplastic creation is minimal compared to other sources.

Environmental Implications of Microplastics

Microplastics pose a range of environmental challenges.

Once they enter the water cycle, they are difficult to remove and can accumulate in aquatic ecosystems. Marine organisms, such as fish and shellfish, often ingest microplastics, which can cause physical harm and chemical contamination. These particles can also make their way up the food chain, posing potential risks to human health.

Wastewater treatment plants are designed to remove up to 99% of microplastics from incoming wastewater. But a significant portion of these particles remains in the sludge produced during treatment. If this sludge is used as fertilizer or disposed of improperly, microplastics can be reintroduced into the environment.

Strategies for Reducing Microplastic Pollution

Addressing the issue of microplastic pollution requires a multifaceted approach involving government regulation, industry innovation, and individual action. Some effective strategies include:

• Improving Wastewater Treatment: Investing in advanced filtration technologies can enhance the ability of wastewater treatment plants to capture microplastics before they enter natural water bodies.
• Reducing Single-Use Plastics: Encouraging the use of reusable materials and reducing the production of single-use plastics can help minimize the amount of plastic waste entering the environment.
• Textile Innovations: Developing synthetic textiles that shed fewer microfibers during washing and promoting the use of natural fibers can help reduce the release of microplastics from laundry.
• Public Awareness and Education: Educating the public about the impact of microplastics and promoting responsible waste disposal practices can help reduce plastic pollution at the source.

GPRS Services Support Safe, Effective Wastewater Management

To effectively address the issue of microplastic pollution, it is essential to focus on reducing plastic waste, promoting sustainable practices, and improving wastewater treatment.

A vital component of this process is ensuring wastewater stays where it belongs, and defects or damages in sewer pipes don’t send it – and the microplastics it carries – into our soil and groundwater.

GPRS supports safe and effective wastewater management through our comprehensive suite of sewer pipe inspection services. We utilize state-of-the-art, remote-controlled sewer inspection rovers and push-fed sewer pipe cameras, each equipped with CCTV cameras and sondes: instrument probes that allow us to map buried sewer lines while we’re inspecting them for defects like cross bores, inflow/infiltration (I/I), blockages, and more.

Even the most accurate infrastructure data is useless if you can’t access it on demand. That’s why GPRS created SiteMap^® (patent pending), our project and facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

With SiteMap^®, the field-verified data our Project Managers collect on your site is at your fingertips 24/7, securely accessible via computer, tablet, or smartphone so that you and your team can plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better.

From sewer lines to skyscrapers, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What size pipes can GPRS inspect?

Our NASSCO-certified VPI Project Managers can inspect pipes from 2” in diameter and up.

What deliverables does GPRS offer when conducting a video pipe inspection?

GPRS is proud to offer WinCan reporting to our Video Pipe Inspection clients. Maintaining sewers starts with understanding sewer condition, and WinCan allows GPRS Project Managers to collect detailed, NASSCO-compliant inspection data. GPRS Project Managers not only inspect the interior condition of sewer pipes, laterals, and manholes – they can also provide a map of their location. The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Department can provide detailed GPS overlays and CAD files. Our detailed WinCan/NASSCO reports contain screenshots of the interior condition of the pipe segments that we inspect, as well as a video file for further evaluation, documentation, and/or reference.

“Ensuring physical accessibility provides students, regardless of ability or disability, with access to learning as part of an inclusive college campus,” say CUNY researchers Patrick Flink, Ph.D. and Timothy Leonard, Ed. D. in The Journal of Teaching Disability Studies.

How colleges and universities create that physical access and remove access barriers is an ongoing process involving facilities managers, operations managers, faculty, support staff, students, disability services staff, and regulatory agencies. Because the disciplines that work to create and improve accessibility tools are innovating new methodologies and technology every day.

What follows here is a technical roadmap for conducting a campus physical accessibility study that ensures that all critical factors for student services and physical spaces are addressed in a methodical and actionable manner and creates a comprehensive record of changes and updates to your infrastructure.

10 Steps to Create a Full Campus Physical Accessibility Plan

1. Define Scope and Objectives

Clearly outline the study’s parameters. Identify which campus facilities—including academic buildings, dormitories, and outdoor areas—will be assessed. Set measurable goals focused on improving usability, safety, and compliance with legal standards.

The University of Washington’s “DO-IT” program has been providing facilities managers, administrators, faculty, and students with tools to determine their accessibility needs since 2007. Their video, Self-Examination: How Accessible is Your Campus? is one of a variety of assets available to help start the conversation, set goals, and plan implementation.  

2. Assemble a Multidisciplinary Team

Form a project team including facility managers, architects, disability services professionals, Universal Design experts, and student representatives. A broad perspective ensures the study addresses diverse user needs.

The federal government provides a useful primer for facilities managers, developers, and procurement professionals that contains a video series on how to use Universal Design to “design products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without need for adaptation or specialized design.”

3. Inventory Campus Assets

Develop a comprehensive inventory of campus facilities. Collect architectural plans, existing accessibility reports, and campus maps. Accurate data collection is essential for evaluating current conditions and identifying gaps.

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Creating a comprehensive record of your entire campus infrastructure – aboveground and below – helps you to plan, design, and meet your students’ & faculty’s accessibility needs with the most efficient, cost-effective, and streamlined execution. Plus, it provides a complete infrastructure database that can be aggregated and updated across media throughout the campus life cycle.  

4. Benchmark Against Established Guidelines

Compare campus assets against standards such as the ADA Standards for Accessible Design and established Universal Design principles. Key resources like the ADA website (https://www.ada.gov) and the Center for Universal Design at NC State (https://design.ncsu.edu/research/center-for-universal-design/) provide detailed explanations of how to meet regulatory requirements.

5. Conduct On-Site Assessments

Carry out detailed physical audits using standardized checklists. Assess critical elements including ramps, door widths, signage, lighting, and floor surface conditions. Document areas that do not meet Universal Design criteria or regulatory requirements. The CUNY study champions “learning walks” to “look for evidence that recommended practices are being implemented.” Learning walks are considered a less structured and more accessible informal assessment than traditional instructional rounds or teacher walkthroughs.

6. Engage Key Stakeholders

Solicit input from campus users, especially individuals with disabilities, via surveys and interviews. Stakeholder feedback is crucial for validating assessment findings and for prioritizing improvements.

7. Analyze Data and Identify Barriers

Consolidate collected data and analyze it against Universal Design principles. Identify specific non-compliant areas and physical barriers that impact campus navigation. Prioritize issues based on impact, cost, and feasibility.

8. Consider Alternative Accessibility Models

In addition to Universal Design, review other frameworks such as Barrier-Free Design—which focuses on removing physical obstacles—and Inclusive Design, which addresses a broad spectrum of user needs. Detailed guidelines and models can be found on resources like the US Department of Justice ADA Guidelines (https://www.ada.gov).

9. Develop Actionable Recommendations

Based on your analysis, create a list of prioritized recommendations. Outline design modifications, necessary retrofits, and policy updates. Include detailed timelines, budget estimates, and assigned responsibilities to ensure clear implementation steps.

10. Plan Implementation and Continuous Monitoring

Establish a phased implementation strategy. Set milestones and develop a monitoring protocol to track improvements over time. Regular reviews and updates to the study will ensure that accessibility measures remain current with evolving campus needs and regulatory changes.

Creating a secure database that aggregates everything from your initial baseline through all of your implemented steps allows your team to monitor conditions, keep up with technological and procedural improvements, and keep your campus accessible to all.

By following these steps, facility managers can systematically assess campus accessibility through a lens of Universal Design while considering complementary models to create universally accessible spaces. This structured approach facilitates targeted improvements that enhance usability and ensure compliance with evolving standards.

GPRS creates comprehensive above and below-ground infrastructure data capture for colleges and universities throughout the U.S. to help them Intelligently Visualize The Built World®.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Universal Design?

According to the Center for Universal Design at North Carolina State University, Universal Design (UD) is defined as “The design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design.”

The seven principles of UD are Equitable Use, Flexible Use, Simple & Intuitive Use, Perceptible Information, Tolerance for Error, Low Physical Effort, and Size and Space for Approach and Use.

What design alternatives exist for campus accessibility planning?

Universal Design (UD) is the most popular and utilized methodology, but others do exist, including Universal Design for Learning (UDL), and Inclusive Design, among others, all of which can be integrated with Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) to provide a more accessible and inclusive educational environment.

How does GPRS capture above and below-ground campus infrastructure?

GPRS Project Managers provide comprehensive data capture for higher education facilities, among others throughout the U.S. We utilize an industry-leading set of protocols called Subsurface Investigation Methodology (SIM) that requires the use of complementary technologies, standardized reporting, and allows us to be extremely accurate.

Every Project Manager is SIM-certified, which is how we maintain a 99.8% accuracy rate in utility locating and mapping and concrete imaging.

Our mapping, modeling, and data services also include NASSCO-certified video pipe inspection (VPI) reporting for sanitary and storm sewers, 2-6mm accurate 3D laser scanning, acoustic leak detection, drone photogrammetry, and in-house CAD design and BIM modeling to create anything from our complimentary layered utility maps to full 3D BIM models and flythroughs, all secured and delivered via SiteMap® (patent pending) to provide you and your team with the information you need to do the job right.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the current weapon of choice in the never-ending technological arms race.

But as everyone makes the mad dash to adopt AI and integrate it into how they work, a recent Engineering News-Record article argued that it’s important to remember that this technology is not fully understood and comes with inherent risks – especially in the high-stakes architecture, engineering and construction industries.

Jeff Albee, vice president and director of digital solutions at global engineering, architecture, and environmental consulting firm, Stantec, wrote that while AI is a “potentially transformative” technology for AEC industries, the rush to adopt AI “can lead to an over-reliance on systems that aren’t fully understood or properly vetted.”

“This is remarkably risky in the AEC world, where legal and safety compliance is mandatory and quality standards are non-negotiable,” he said. “The consequences of failing to properly assess and implement AI could be catastrophic, potentially leading to engineering failures or other serious issues that could endanger lives.”

Over the past few years, more and more AEC firms have integrated AI to assist in project planning, operations and maintenance (O&M), jobsite safety, and more.

A recent report surveying 400 technology decision-makers at AEC firms in the U.S., U.K., Canada, France, Spain, Germany, Australia, and New Zealand found that 74% of these firms are now using AI within one or more phases of their building projects. But 54% of those using AI are concerned about AI regulation, and 44% of those say these concerns are having a real impact on AI implementation within their companies.

“The issue for firms (and the clients who employ them) is that the understanding of how to bring AI systems under the compliance umbrella in our industry is relatively immature,” Albee wrote. “And the mysterious processes that power AI and Machine Learning (ML) are a black box that are often left unexplained to the consumer of the outcomes that these services produce.”

Major questions remain to be answered about when and to what extent firms should disclose the use of AI-generated content in client deliverables.  

“If an AI model generates part of some design schematic, who is responsible for ensuring that those elements of the design meet regulatory and safety standards?” Albee asked. “Should there be an “ingredients” label to disclose AI has been employed in the creation of work? A warning label? And if so, how should a client distinguish between a broadly available AI system (like CoPilot from Microsoft) that’s tried and trusted versus a proprietary model perhaps less well known?

“This lack of clarity could result in over-promising and worse, science errors or design flaws,” he continued. “That obviously creates massive potential liability for AEC firms.”

Albee urged AEC firms to establish standards and frameworks that provide guidance on quality and compliance.  

Several organizations have already begun this work. The White House recently issued a Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights which outlines five principles to protect individuals from the potential harms of AI. And the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF) offers guidance for understanding and managing AI use.

“…As regulatory bodies increasingly turn their attention to AI, compliance with these standards will likely become mandatory,” Albee wrote. “Firms that proactively align their AI practices with these frameworks will be better positioned to adapt to future regulatory changes and maintain their competitive edge. We must not wait for the first catastrophic failure to figure this out. Using these frameworks now will allow companies to open the aperture of understanding of the wider risks that AI poses.”

As AEC firms work to fully understand and harness AI technology, GPRS will be here to help you Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® with our accurate, field-verified infrastructure data that keeps you on time, on budget, and safe.

We offer a comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention, existing conditions documentation, and construction & facilities project management services designed to give you the accurate, actionable data you need to execute you and/or your client’s vision. Utilizing state-of-the-art technology and an industry-leading methodology, we can locate buried utilities, pinpoint leaks in underground water lines, inspect the integrity of sewer pipes, map & model your job site both above and below ground, and more.

All this data is at your fingertips 24/7 thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), powered by GPRS. This proprietary project & facility management application provides you with accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

SiteMap^® allows you and your team to plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better by providing you with a single source of truth for all the vital infrastructure data you’ll need through every step of your project.

Click below to schedule a live, personal SiteMap^® demo today.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does GPRS communicate the results of their utility locates?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor.

Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

Can ground penetrating radar be used to verify known measurements?

We can use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans to verify the accuracy of plans.

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap^® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^®, powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.

Does SiteMap^® Work with my Existing GIS Platform?

SiteMap^® allows for exporting of data to SHP, GeoJSON, GeoPackage, and DXF directly from any user’s account that either owns or has a job shared to their account. All these file formats can be imported and utilized by other GIS packages if manually imported by the user.

More information can be found at SiteMap.com.

Enhancing data quality and reporting, targeting top damage drivers, and improving locating practices were among the topics that the Common Ground Alliance covered in their most recent recommendations to guide the damage prevention industry.

These recommendations were part of the CGA’s 2023 DIRT Report: the organization’s annual analysis of data submitted to 811 call centers.

The report introduces the CGA’s new tool for measuring the damage prevention industry’s ongoing efforts to enhance excavation safety, and highlights several subsurface damage prevention programs and success stories from the past year.

It also lists recommended actions for facility owners, locators, excavators, and 811 centers to take to achieve the CGA’s 50-in-5 industry challenge, enhance data quality and reporting, target top damage drivers, and improve locating practices.

“As we confront the challenge of significantly reducing damages to underground utilities, addressing the persistent top root causes demands a transformative mindset across the industry,” the report reads. “While the 2022 DIRT Report provides detailed, root cause-specific recommendations that remain relevant, the 2023 Report calls for even more decisive steps towards industry-wide improvement.”

Enhancing Data Quality and Reporting

To enhance data quality and reporting, the CGA recommends the following actions:

Facility Owners, Locators, Excavators

• Participate in the Damage Prevention Institute and submit damage data and metrics monthly to accelerate industry insights and improvements.

811 Centers

• Implement a standardized metric for measuring locate timeliness or “excavation readiness.”
• Establish a consistent process for mapping 811 center ticket data to standard DIRT field options such as work type.

All Stakeholders

• Regularly assess organizational data collection policies and DIRT DQI score, and develop strategies to reduce the percentage of "unknown" entries in critical data fields like root cause and work type.
• Utilize the DIRT root cause flow chart to guide more actionable root cause selection and the Common Work Types tool to map free text to DIRT work types – both are tools developed by CGA Committees.
• Become familiar with your state’s damage reporting requirements by reviewing regulations and 811 center guidelines, ensure all relevant staff are trained on reporting procedures and implement internal processes to meet or exceed state reporting standards.
• Bookmark the DIRT Interactive Dashboard and explore it regularly to guide your damage prevention outreach and programs.

Targeting Top Damage Drivers

To address the top damage drivers, the CGA recommends the following actions:

Facility Owners, Excavators, 811 Centers

• Implement tailored education and outreach programs for water/sewer, telecom and construction/development excavators, which are the leading types of work involved in damages.
• Develop scalable damage prevention strategies to accommodate the expected surge in excavation activities and arrival of out-of-state excavators who may be unfamiliar with local damage prevention regulations.

All Stakeholders

• Develop tiered education approaches based on the urban-rural continuum, recognizing that each geography poses unique challenges.
• Strengthen media and outreach materials for use following extreme weather to reduce damages in the wake of increased precipitation, natural disasters and other extreme events.
• Establish coordination mechanisms between government agencies/regulators, facility owners, excavators, locators and other industry stakeholders to manage the impact of increased infrastructure investments and reduce the incidence of utility-on-utility damage.

Improving Locating Practices

To improve locating practices, the CGA recommends the following actions:

All Stakeholders

• Develop enforcement mechanisms for timely locating, considering both monetary (e.g., New Mexico) and collaborative (e.g., Massachusetts) approaches.

Facility Owners

• Improve contracts with third-party locators to ensure there are not financial, temporal or other barriers to on-time and accurate delivery of locates. Consider implementing best value contracts, which prioritize quality and overall value over the lowest price, as one potential approach to achieve this goal. Regularly meet with third-party locators to facilitate collaboration and information-sharing, regardless of the contract type in place.
• Invest in GPS-enabled locating devices and develop a protocol for locators to update facility maps in the field, ensuring that new or revised asset information is more immediately available to excavators and locators who need it. Implement a quality control process to verify and approve map updates before they are finalized.

Facility Owners, Locators, 811 Centers

• Conduct thorough analysis of 811 ticket screening effects on damage rates and Locating Practice root causes.

How GPRS Supports Subsurface Damage Prevention Efforts

GPRS supports CGA’s mission of subsurface damage reduction through our comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention and utility mapping services.

We offer 99.8% accurate utility locating services that utilize ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locators to fully visualize the built world beneath your feet. And when it’s time to share and collaborate with this accurate, field-verified data, SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application, is there to help you plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

How does GPRS communicate the results of their utility locates?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor.

Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

Can ground penetrating radar be used to verify known measurements?

We can use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans to verify the accuracy of plans.

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap^® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^®, powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.

Does SiteMap^® Work with my Existing GIS Platform?

SiteMap^® allows for exporting of data to SHP, GeoJSON, GeoPackage, and DXF directly from any user’s account that either owns or has a job shared to their account. All these file formats can be imported and utilized by other GIS packages if manually imported by the user.

More information can be found at SiteMap.com.

When you have a project 3D laser scanned, there are many possible deliverables and file formats to choose from. Selecting the right 3D laser scan output type can be a daunting task.

GPRS is the only 3D laser scanning company with a nationwide U.S. footprint, so we are familiar with fielding requests from the architecture, engineering, and construction industries, among others. And every job has its own particular requirements.

That’s why we strive to tailor the best CAD, BIM, digital twin, point cloud, or 3D virtual tour solutions for our customers’ needs.

The first step is for you to determine the purpose of the 3D laser scan and the software you'll be using, for example do you want CAD drawings, a 3D BIM model, or a 3D virtual tour?

Below, you can explore the wide range of detailed and accurate deliverables that 3D laser scanning can provide, helping you bring your projects to life with precision and efficiency.

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What are the Deliverables After 3D Laser Scanning?

Point Cloud

A point cloud is the collection of millions of data points, captured with a 3D laser scanner, that represent the scanned surface or object, each containing an X, Y, and Z coordinate. The point cloud records a digital 3D representation of the scanned environment, capturing geometry, spatial relationships, and physical features. You can import the point cloud into CAD or BIM software to visualize the area as a pixelated, digital version of your site. Point clouds can be processed and used for measurement, analysis, and visualization.

Deliverable: Raw Point Cloud Data or Registered Point Clouds.

File Formats: .e57, .LAS, .LAZ, .XYZ, .PTS point cloud files and Autodesk Recap files in .RCS and .RCP format.

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2D CAD Drawings

A 2D CAD drawing is a flat, digital representation of an object or structure created using CAD software. It displays views from different angles, such as top, front, or side, using geometric shapes, lines, arcs, and text to show size, shape, and layout. Point cloud data is imported into AutoCAD to generate 2D CAD drawings, where technicians can document and annotate them with text, dimensions, leaders, and tables.

Deliverable: Floor plans, site plans, elevations, sections, details, isometric drawings, and reflected ceiling plans.

File Formats:  2D sheets in .RVT, .DWG, .DGN, .DXF or .PDF formats.

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3D BIM Model

A 3D BIM model is a digital representation of a building that integrates geometry, spatial relationships, and detailed data about its components. Created using BIM software like Revit, the model provides an accurate, intelligent, and dynamic 3D virtual model for design, construction, and facility management. A 3D BIM model includes information on structural elements, MEP systems, materials, and can also include cost and scheduling data. 3D BIM models provide users with the ability to break down building parts by elements or layers and see how they fit into a single finalized structure. For example, users can isolate walls, columns, windows, doors, etc., and alter the design.

Deliverable: 3D BIM Model

File Formats:  3D models in software such as Revit, AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, MicroStation, SolidWorks, Navisworks in .RVT, .NWD, .IFC, .BCF file formats.

Modeling Options: Standard Detail, High Detail, Very High Detail.

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3D Mesh Model

Highly detailed 3D laser scan data can be converted into 3D mesh files, such as .fbx, .stl, .obj, and .ply, for use in CAD or surfacing software. Using x, y, z coordinates, CAD technicians can generate a triangulated mesh from the point cloud, creating a volumetrically accurate, high-density, and high-resolution model. This mesh allows clients to easily view the geometry of objects in CAD without navigating the point cloud. Meshes are ideal for representing intricate details, like monuments or statues, and can be used for creating mixed reality experiences, such as those in stadiums during sporting events.

Deliverable: Polygonal Mesh.

File Formats: .FBX, .STL, .OBJ, and .PLY.

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TruView

A TruView is a high-resolution panoramic image that can be overlayed on top of the point cloud, making it easier to understand the spatial relationships within the scanned area. Since TruViews are overlaid on the point cloud data, clients are able to take basic dimensions directly from the Viewer for estimating clearances, and distances, etc. It allows users to easily share, annotate, and view detailed 3D laser scan data for decision-making.

Deliverable: Autodesk TruView portable software allows you to open and view the LGS format of the point cloud, as well as overlay IFC (3D model) files.

File Formats: TruViews can be delivered as a .LGS or .LGSX but a structured .RCP will also have images so an end user with point cloud software can navigate this file format similar to a TruView virtual tour.

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3D Virtual Tour

A 3D Virtual Tour consists of a series of 360° panoramic images stitched together to create a complete, interactive view of a location. This tool allows your team to virtually explore the space and add digital notes, providing a detailed and immersive experience. The 3D Virtual Tour can be accessed on desktop computers, laptops, tablets, and mobile devices for easy viewing from anywhere.

Deliverable: 360° panoramic images, plus a customizable .LGSx point cloud data file format.

File Formats: .LGSx or a browser based virtual tour via Benaco or Matterport.

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Subsurface Utility Map

A subsurface utility map is a visual representation of underground utilities, such as water, gas, electrical, telecommunications, and sewer lines, typically created using data from Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electromagnetic (EM) Locating technology, 3D laser scanning, and GIS systems. The map helps engineers, contractors, and planners identify the location and condition of these utilities to avoid damage during construction or excavation.

Deliverable: Standard CAD Site Plan, Interactive Site Plan in SiteMap^®, 3D BIM or Conceptual Site Models (CSM).

File Formats: PDF file, KMZ file, and SiteMap Personal Access.

• PDF File: A subsurface utility map in PDF format is a static document containing the visual representation of utilities, typically designed for easy viewing and sharing. It includes layers showing the location of pipes, cables, and other underground infrastructure, often with annotations and measurements.
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• KMZ File: A KMZ file is a compressed format for geospatial data that stores georeferenced maps. In subsurface utility mapping, it can be viewed in Google Earth or GIS software, allowing for 3D visualization and precise location data to integrate underground utilities with surface maps.
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• SiteMap^® Personal Access: Digital utility maps are uploaded in SiteMap^® GPRS’ free cloud-based software, providing quick access and secure sharing of detailed, geolocated, and layered underground utility maps. The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Team can generate TruBuilt plan views and 3D BIM or Conceptual Site Models (CSM) for better project or facility management.

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Tank & Vessel Inspections

3D laser scan data delivers accurate data and a highly detailed analysis when evaluating the condition and integrity of tanks and vessels. A LiDAR point cloud is processed and compared against a CAD/BIM drawing/model or previous scan data to detect deformations, corrosion, weld inconsistencies, and deviations from design specifications. Advanced software generates color-coded deviation maps, cross-sectional analysis, and precise dimensional measurements, allowing engineers to assess structural integrity and compliance with industry standards such as API 653, ASME, or ASTM. This level of detail helps in predictive maintenance, ensuring early detection of potential failures, minimizing downtime, and optimizing repair planning.

Deliverable: Point clouds, 2D CAD drawings, 3D BIM models.

File Formats: .PPT, .PDF, Excel, .XML.

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Deformation and Inspection Reports

Deformation and Inspection Reports from 3D laser scanning provide detailed analysis of structural changes, irregularities, or defects in physical objects or environments. Using the precise data captured by the laser scanner, the report compares the scanned point cloud data against a reference model (such as a CAD or BIM file) to identify deviations in shape, alignment, and size. These reports can detect issues such as settling, warping, misalignment, and corrosion in structures, or inconsistencies in manufacturing parts. The output typically includes color-coded deviation maps, dimensional measurements, and detailed annotations, helping engineers and contractors assess the condition of a structure or component, plan for maintenance, and ensure quality control.

Deliverable: Deformation and Inspection Reports.

File Formats: PDF, .RCS, .RCP, .DXF, .DWG, .STL, .OBJ.

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Photogrammetry Matterport Pro 3

While the Matterport Pro3 is not a laser scanner, it is equipped with a 30-megapixel sensor and 12-element lens camera, plus LiDAR technology, allowing you to create walkthroughs, 3D tours, digital twins, 3D models, point clouds, floor plans, schematic maps, and professional quality 2D still capture output of physical spaces, with the ability to edit and share them using the Matterport app and digital twin technology cloud service.

Deliverable: Virtual tours, digital twins, point clouds, layouts, floorplans, schematic maps, and more.

File Formats: .JPG, .e57, .DWG, .DXF, .PDF, .RCS, .CTB, .RVT, .IFC, .OBJ.

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Topographic or Aerial Maps

A map or model of the terrain, showing the shape of the land and its elevations and contours, often in the form of 2D or 3D representations.

Data Type: Elevation data, contour lines, spatial coordinates.

File Formats: .PDF, .DXF, .DWG, .SHP, .GeoTIFF, .KML.

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Orthomosaic Image

A high-resolution, geometrically corrected aerial image composed of multiple stitched-together photos. It is distortion-free and maintains uniform scale, making it ideal for visual inspection, documentation, and 3D modeling.

Data Type: 2D raster image, high-resolution aerial photos.

File Formats: .TIFF, .JPEG, .PNG, .ECW, .SID.

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Orthomosaic Map

A geo-referenced orthomosaic image of topography, infrastructure, and buildings integrated with real-world coordinates and spatial data, often used in GIS (Geographic Information Systems). It allows for precise measurements, analysis, and mapping applications in construction, land surveying, and environmental monitoring.

Data Type: Georeferenced raster data with spatial coordinates and topographical features.

File Formats: .GeoTIFF, .KML, .SHP, .DWG, .DXF.

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Digital Elevation Model (DEM)

A general term for a 3D representation of the Earth's surface, typically focusing on elevation data. It captures the height of land surfaces above a reference point, usually sea level, and may include natural features, such as hills as well as man-made structures, such as buildings or roads. DEMs are commonly used in topographic analysis, flood modeling, and terrain analysis.

Deliverable: A 3D model or map that represents terrain elevation and surface features.

Data Type: Elevation data in a raster format.

File Formats: .TIFF, .GeoTIFF, .ASCII, .DEM, .IMG, .XYZ.

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Digital Surface Model (DSM)

A DSM represents the Earth's surface, but it includes both natural and artificial objects, such as trees, buildings, and other structures. This model captures the elevation of the highest points, making it useful for urban planning, forestry, and line-of-sight analysis.

Data Type: Raster-based surface data with topographic and structural features.

File Formats: .TIFF, .GeoTIFF, .ASC, .DSM, .LAS.

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Digital Terrain Model (DTM)

A DTM is a more refined version of a DEM that focuses on representing only the bare earth surface, excluding objects like buildings, vegetation, or other man-made features. It provides elevation data for natural terrain and is used for applications such as earthworks design, hydrology, and land management.

Deliverable: A 3D model or 2D map showing only the bare earth surface, useful for terrain analysis and planning.

Data Type: Cleaned elevation data focusing solely on natural land features.

File Formats: .TIFF, .GeoTIFF, .DEM, .ASC, .DXF, .SHP, .XYZ.

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Note: GPRS is not a surveying company; however, our work supports surveyors in a number of ways. GPRS does not conduct SUE, however our non-destructive underground utility methods have a 99.8% accuracy rate and can support QL-B SUE efforts.

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How To Determine the Best 3D Scanning Deliverable for Your Project

To determine which deliverable you need from 3D laser scanning services, follow these steps:

1. Define the Purpose of Your Project: Start by clarifying the main objective of your project. Are you focused on capturing precise as-built conditions for future design, inspection, or analysis? Do you need 3D visualizations, documentation, or an accurate 3D BIM model to plan construction or renovations? The purpose of the scan will guide the deliverables.
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2. Understand Your Software Requirements: Consider what software you'll use for post-processing the scan data. Different deliverables are compatible with specific software, such as AutoCAD, Revit, BIM software, GIS systems, or point cloud processing tools. For example, if you plan to use BIM software, you may need an intelligent 3D BIM model. If you're working with GIS tools, an orthomosaic map or DEM might be necessary.
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3. Evaluate the Level of Detail Needed: Some projects require high levels of detail, such as 3D BIM models with structural, mechanical, and electrical information, while others may only need simpler 2D CAD drawings for reference. Decide on the level of precision and detail your project demands.
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4. Consider Visualization Needs: If your project benefits from visual presentations or virtual experiences, such as virtual tours or mixed-reality applications, 3D virtual tours or 3D mesh models might be suitable. These deliverables allow for immersive exploration and visualization.
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5. Identify Data Usage and Analysis: If you need to analyze structural conditions or monitor changes over time, reports such as deformation and inspection reports or floor flatness reports might be necessary. These reports include detailed analysis, such as deviations from design specifications, making them valuable for quality control and maintenance planning.
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6. Check File Compatibility: Ensure that the file formats are compatible with your software tools and workflows. For example, a .RCP or .RCS file might be ideal for Autodesk software, while KMZ files are better for GIS applications like Google Earth.
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7. Consult with Experts: If you're unsure which deliverable suits your project, consult GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services. We can advise you on the most suitable output based on your project's goals and the type of data you need.

By understanding the specific requirements of your project and how you plan to use the scan data, you'll be able to select the most appropriate deliverable to meet your needs effectively.

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GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services

GPRS is an experienced 3D laser scanning company, who can help you determine the appropriate file format for deliverables from 3D laser scanning. Let us help you discover how this cutting-edge technology can offer you invaluable insights, streamline workflows, and ensure the highest level of quality in your design, construction, and planning processes.

GPRS has cataloged and recorded notable sites such as the Kennedy Space Center, NFL stadiums, LaGuardia Airport and so many more, that have each presented unique requirements or challenges. GPRS uses this data to further develop our expertise in 3D scanning, helping clients plan for challenges before they arise.

We pledge to remain at the forefront of construction technology for our clients. Our powerful data collection methods provide a level of detail and accuracy that allows us to be the leading 3D laser scanning service provider to the architecture, engineering, and construction industries. Whether mapping historic buildings or providing new construction verification, GPRS 3D laser scanning services offer a wide range of deliverables for many types of projects.

GPRS’s experience in LiDAR 3D scanning, use of survey-grade lasers, and dedication to providing accurate data have made us the leading provider of 3D scanning for the architecture, engineering and construction industries. With a dedicated GPRS team, quick and accurate scanning, and detailed deliverables, engineers and general contractors can rest assured, knowing their sites are properly documented and modeled.

To request a quote from GPRS contact us here.

Concrete cutting and coring are integral operations in the construction industry, enabling modifications and installations within existing structures.

But these tasks come with inherent risks that necessitate a comprehensive safety strategy to protect workers and maintain project integrity.

Emphasizing hazard identification and protective measures and adhering to industry-best practices will help you reduce the safety risks of cutting or coring concrete.

Understanding the Risks

Before implementing safety protocols, it's crucial to recognize the specific hazards associated with concrete cutting and coring:

• Silica Dust Exposure: Cutting or drilling concrete releases respirable crystalline silica, which can lead to silicosis, lung cancer, and other respiratory diseases. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates a permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 50 micrograms per cubic meter of air over an 8-hour shift.
• Equipment-Related Injuries: The use of powerful tools like saws and drills can result in cuts, lacerations, or amputations if not handled properly.  
• Electrical Hazards: Accidentally cutting into live electrical conduits embedded within concrete can cause electrocution or severe burns.
• Structural Damage: Interfering with structural elements embedded within a concrete slab, like rebar or post tension cables (PT cables) can compromise the integrity of a building, leading to potential collapse or costly repairs.
• Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL): Prolonged exposure to high-decibel noise from cutting equipment can lead to permanent hearing damage.

Implementing a Safer Strategy

To address these hazards effectively, consider the following components in your safety strategy:

1. Comprehensive Hazard Assessment

• Site Evaluation: Conduct thorough assessments to identify potential hazards such as embedded utilities, structural reinforcements, and environmental factors that may affect safety.
• Utility Location: Hire a professional concrete scanning company that utilizes ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanning to detect hidden utilities and structural elements within concrete structures before commencing work.

2. Engineering Controls

• Dust Suppression: Implement wet cutting techniques and local exhaust ventilation systems to minimize airborne silica dust. These methods help maintain air quality and reduce respiratory risks.
• Noise Control: Utilize equipment designed to operate at lower noise levels and establish barriers or enclosures to contain noise, protecting workers from NIHL.

3. Administrative Controls

• Training Programs: Provide comprehensive training on equipment operation, hazard recognition, and emergency response procedures. Regular refresher courses ensure that workers remain informed about the latest safety practices.
• Work Scheduling: Plan tasks to limit exposure to hazardous conditions, such as scheduling cutting activities during times when fewer workers are present to reduce potential exposure.

4. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Respiratory Protection: Equip workers with N95 respirators or higher-grade masks to protect against silica dust inhalation.
• Hearing Protection: Provide earplugs or earmuffs to safeguard against excessive noise levels.
• Eye and Face Protection: Use safety goggles or face shields to prevent injuries from flying debris.
• Hand and Foot Protection: Ensure the use of heavy-duty gloves and steel-toed boots to protect against cuts, lacerations, and falling objects.

5. Emergency Preparedness

• First Aid Availability: Maintain accessible first aid kits on-site, equipped to handle injuries specific to concrete cutting and coring activities.
• Emergency Response Plans: Develop and communicate clear procedures for responding to incidents, including evacuation routes and emergency contact information.

6. Regular Equipment Maintenance

• Routine Inspections: Schedule regular checks of all equipment to identify and address wear and tear, ensuring tools are in optimal working condition.
• Proper Storage: Store equipment in conditions that prevent damage and exposure to harmful elements, prolonging their lifespan and reliability.

Promoting a Culture of Safety

Beyond implementing these measures, fostering a culture that prioritizes safety is essential:

• Safety Meetings: Conduct regular discussions to review safety protocols, share experiences, and address concerns. Engaging workers in these conversations reinforces the importance of safety.
• Access to Information: Provide easy access to safety guidelines, equipment manuals, and emergency procedures, ensuring that all workers are informed and prepared.
• Encourage Reporting: Create an environment where workers feel comfortable reporting hazards or unsafe practices without fear of retribution, enabling proactive hazard mitigation.

How GPRS Helps Ensure Safe Cutting & Coring Projects

At GPRS, safety is always on our radar. That’s why we offer precision concrete scanning services designed to protect your team from the costly and potentially dangerous consequences of damaging electrical conduit, post tension cable, or rebar embedded within concrete slabs.

Our SIM-certified Project Managers use ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanners to visualize what you can’t see within the concrete, so you know where you can and can’t safely cut or core that slab.

We have an industry-leading 99.8% rate of accuracy when conducting concrete imaging. We’re so confident in our results that we introduced the Green Box Guarantee, which states that when a GPRS Project Manager places a Green Box within a concrete scanning layout prior to you cutting or coring that slab, we guarantee that the area within that box will be free of obstructions.

If we’re wrong, we agree to pay the cost of the damage.

At GPRS, we’re committed to Intelligently Visualizing The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

How is ground penetrating radar used to identify tendons vs. rebar in a post-tensioned slab?

In post-tensioned structures, GPRS typically finds one mat of support rebar near the base of the slab.

This mat is generally consistently spaced and remains at a constant elevation. Post tension cables are generally found above this support mat and “draped” throughout the rest of the structure. The elevation of the cable is usually high near the beams and column lines and drapes lower through the span between beams and column lines. Knowledge of these structural differences allows us to accurately differentiate between components.

Our Project Managers will leave you feeling confident in our findings and in your ability to drill or cut without issue.

Can GPR determine the difference between rebar and electrical conduit?

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) can accurately differentiate between rebar and electrical conduit in most cases. We have an extremely high success rate in identifying electrical lines in supported slabs or slabs-on-grade before saw cutting or core drilling.

Additionally, GPRS can use electromagnetic (EM) locators to determine the location of conduits in the concrete. If we can transmit a signal onto the metal conduit, we can locate it with pinpoint accuracy. We can also find the conduit passively if a live electrical current runs through it.

The combined use of GPR and EM locating allows us to provide one of the most comprehensive and accurate conduits locating services available.

The Common Ground Alliance (CGA) highlighted several subsurface damage prevention pilot programs and success stories in its 2023 DIRT Report.

The report recognized the work going on in Georgia, New Mexico, and Minnesota, among others, to address some of the most significant obstacles in achieving the CGA’s goal of cutting damages to critical underground utilities in half by 2028.

“These and other case studies found on the following pages are not just interesting anecdotes – they are blueprints for industry-wide transformation,” wrote CGA President & CEO, Sarah K. Magruder Lyle, in her letter included in the report. “They show us that innovative leaders who embrace innovation, vision and change are making progress right now across the country.”

Georgia 811’s Excavation Readiness Metric

In the DIRT Report, the CGA states that unpredictability in 811 ticket response time continues to contribute to excavators’ failure of confidence in the 811 system and needs to be addressed in order to make progress on reducing the top damage root cause year after year: failure to notify 811.

Across 12 states, reported data on the percentage of tickets where all locates were delivered on time ranged from 30-70%, with most hovering around 50%.

Analyzing this issue is challenging due to inconsistent methods for tracking the timely delivery of locates across states and 811 center software systems.

Georgia 811 has developed an “excavation readiness” metric that could help establish an industry standard for evaluating locating across 811 centers.  

By using expired tickets as a monthly denominator, Georgia 811 analyzes its positive response system to categorize tickets based on their status. This includes those with disputed responses, no responses, and incomplete responses (“Not Ready”), as well as those with complete and “Excavation Ready” responses. These figures are then used to generate an excavation readiness score.  

“Through adoption of similarly-structured positive response system queries or other data infrastructure manipulation, 811 centers across the U.S. must evolve toward a consistent methodology for tracking locating timeliness,” the CGA wrote. “CGA’s One Call Systems International (OCSI) Committee and Damage Prevention Institute (DPI) are both examining mechanisms for establishing, generating and collecting this data on a regular basis to improve the industry’s ability to correct this troubling trend.”

New Mexico and Massachusetts Get Creative With Locating Enforcement

New Mexico and Massachusetts have taken very different, yet equally creative approaches to enforcing proper utility locating practices.

New Mexico’s regulations require excavators to submit “warning locate requests” through New Mexico 811 (NM811) when underground facilities haven’t been marked and positive responses haven’t been provided. The CGA wrote in the DIRT Report that this process “creates accountability and establishes a clear procedure for addressing delays in the locating process.”

Under these regulations, facility operators must promptly address warning locate requests, preferably within two hours. NM811 is responsible for providing positive response records to the state’s Public Regulatory Commission’s Pipeline Safety Bureau (PSB) for investigating potential violations. To enforce compliance, the New Mexico PSB started imposing fines on facility operators in 2020. These fines, with a minimum amount of $811, are issued monthly.

“The regulations also offer financial protection excavators,” the CGA wrote. “In cases where facility owners fail to mark or provide a timely positive response, excavators can recover reasonable “downtime” costs. This provision safeguards excavators from undue financial burden and also serves as powerful incentive for facility owners to complete locates promptly… The state’s multi-faceted approach, combining clear regulations, strict enforcement and ongoing education, could serve as a model for others looking for enforcement mechanisms for timely utility locating.”

The Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities’ (MA DPU) Pipeline Safety Division, Damage Prevention Program is responsible for the enforcement of the state’s dig laws.

While reviewing utility damage data, the Division identified two non-gas operators that were not completing locate mark outs within the required timeframes. A deeper analysis uncovered significant weaknesses in the locating and marking process, particularly in communication between the operators and third-party locators.  

Rather than immediately imposing substantial financial penalties, the Division collaborated with the non-gas operators to develop an improvement plan. This plan included increasing daily locate audits, expanding training programs, adding staffing resources, and enhancing reporting frequency with other parties. As a result, the on-time locate rate for both operators has risen to nearly 100%.

“This example of collaborative problem-solving by regulators with facility operators to improve locating timeliness is a model that could be employed across the country to enforce locating timeliness,” the CGA wrote.

Minnesota Leverages High Locating Demand to Improve Facility Maps

To capitalize on high locating demand and enhance facility maps for more efficient locating, Gopher State One Call (GSOC), Minnesota’s 811 center, launched an innovative pilot program to equip municipalities and other stakeholders with GPS-enabled utility locating devices. This initiative offers free trials of these devices, providing real-time kinematic (RTK) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) accuracy to key damage prevention stakeholders, including municipalities, engineering firms, contractors, universities, and facility owners.  

The pilot allows field staff to seamlessly integrate highly accurate facility location data into mapping software, addressing the challenges and costs of updating outdated maps. By offering free access to GPS-enabled locators, the program has enabled participants to demonstrate the technology’s value and justify its adoption. Reports from participants highlight significant benefits, including a 50% reduction in field time for engineers and improved accuracy in public works mapping during locate operations.

“The success of this program highlights the potential for leveraging GPS data collected during the locating process to create and update facility maps in real-time,” the CGA wrote. “This approach can lead to improved locating efficiency, reduced damages and better asset management across the industry.”

How GPRS Supports CGA’s Mission

GPRS supports CGA’s mission of subsurface damage reduction through our comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention and utility mapping services.

We offer 99.8% accurate utility locating services that utilize ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locators to fully visualize the built world beneath your feet. And when it’s time to share and collaborate with this accurate, field-verified data, SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application, is there to help you plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

How does GPRS communicate the results of their utility locates?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor.

Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

Can ground penetrating radar be used to verify known measurements?

We can use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans in order to verify the accuracy of plans.

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap^® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^®, powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.

Does SiteMap^® Work with my Existing GIS Platform?

SiteMap^® allows for exporting of data to SHP, GeoJSON, GeoPackage, and DXF directly from any user’s account that either owns or has a job shared to their account. All these file formats can be imported and utilized by other GIS packages if manually imported by the user.

More information can be found at SiteMap.com.

How Does a 3D Laser Scanner Work?

A 3D laser scanner works by emitting laser beams onto a surface, measuring the time or phase shift of the reflected light, and recording data points to create a precise 3D digital representation of the object or environment.

To 3D laser scan a building, multiple scans are taken from different positions to capture all angles. The scanner collects millions of data points, creating a point cloud where each point has X, Y, Z coordinates to map the building's layout accurately. The outcome of the 3D laser scanning process is a realistic true-to-life digital model of the object or building that was being scanned.

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What Are the Methods of 3D Laser Scanning?

A laser scanner calculates the distance between itself and the object's surface using one of these four methods:

1. Time of Flight 3D Laser Scanning  

Overview: Measures the time it takes for the laser pulse to travel to the object and reflect back, using the speed of light to calculate distance.

Time of Flight 3D laser scanners measure distance by calculating the time it takes for a laser pulse to travel to an object and reflect back to the sensor. By emitting a pulsed light signal and recording the return time, the scanner accurately records precise distance calculations. By rotating the laser and sensor, usually around a mirror, Time of Flight scanners can capture full 360-degree scans, enabling comprehensive spatial mapping.

Below are examples of Time of Flight Laser Scanners available in the market:

• Leica C10 Laser Scanner
• Leica RTC360 Laser Scanner
• Trimble TX8, TX6, and X7 3D Laser Scanner
• Riegl VZ-400

2. Phase Based 3D Laser Scanning  

Overview: Compares the phase difference between the emitted and reflected laser beam to determine distance with high precision.

A phase based laser scanner is a type of 3D laser scanner that determines the distance to an object by measuring the "phase shift" of a constant laser beam that is emitted in multiple phases, rather than measuring the time it takes for the light to travel back, like in a time of flight scanner. The laser emits a patterned light wave, and when it reflects off an object, its phase shifts. The scanner measures this shift to calculate the distance to the object. This method allows for high accuracy and fast data capture, but typically has a shorter range compared to other laser scanners.

Below are examples of Phase Based Laser Scanners available in the market:

• FARO Focus M 70
• Faro Focus 3D
• Leica RTC360
• Leica BLK360
• Leica HDS7000

3. Laser Triangulation

Overview: Projects a laser onto the surface, and a sensor captures the reflection at a known angle to calculate distance using trigonometry.

In laser triangulation, a laser beam is projected onto a surface, and the reflected light is captured by a sensor to determine distance. This 3D laser scan technology applies the principles of trigonometry by measuring the displacement of the laser dot or line in the camera's field of view to calculate precise distances. Triangulation works by using geometric calculations based on the angle of the laser beam from a known position, forming a "triangle" to determine distance. This technique provides high accuracy at close ranges, though it has a shorter range compared to time of flight and phase based scanning technologies. This method provides high accuracy at close ranges, making it ideal for applications like industrial inspection and reverse engineering.

Below are examples of 3D Laser Triangulation scanners:

• Faro’s Focus3D
• MakerBot Digitizer
• BQ Ciclop
• Matter Form  

4. Photogrammetry

Overview: This method captures multiple images of an object from different angles, then uses software to reconstruct the 3D shape.

Photogrammetry is the process of capturing images and stitching them together to create a digital model of the physical world. A 3D Matterport camera, which can also be equipped with LiDAR, can digitally document buildings, facilities, and sites with high-resolution images. Photogrammetry can be mounted on tripods, worn as mobile devices, flown by drones, or attached to cranes for aerial views. The process captures 4K HDR photographs from multiple angles to create a 360° site view, and LiDAR technology can record precise three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) in the form of a point cloud.

Below are examples of Photogrammetry cameras:

• Matterport Pro3

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How is 3D Laser Scan Data Registered?

A 3D laser scan point cloud is registered by aligning multiple scans with overlapping areas into one coordinate system. Unwanted noise, like reflections or background clutter, is cleaned or deleted using software like Autodesk Recap. Once cleaned and aligned, the scans are merged into a single, accurate 3D point cloud. Proper registration ensures that measurements taken from the 3D laser scans are accurate and the data can be exported for use in CAD or BIM applications like Revit or AutoCAD.

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What Can I Do with the Point Cloud?

The 3D laser scan technology mentioned above captures comprehensive as-built data of a building or site’s exterior and interior, including structural elements, architectural details, utilities, dimensions, surface features, and surrounding terrain.

Point cloud data can be transformed into custom 2D CAD drawings, 3D BIM models, 3D mesh models, TruViews, digital twins, 3D virtual tours, and floorplans, offering precise measurements and detailed visual data. GPRS uploads custom deliverables to SiteMap^®, a free cloud-based digital storage platform.

3D laser scan point clouds provide architects, engineers, and contractors with highly accurate, real-world data for design, construction, and renovation projects. By capturing millions of precise measurements, point clouds create a detailed 3D representation of existing conditions, reducing the need for manual measurements and minimizing errors. Architects use this data to integrate designs seamlessly into existing structures, engineers rely on it for structural analysis and clash detection, and contractors benefit from improved planning, cost estimation, and quality control. This technology enhances efficiency, reduces rework, and ensures better decision-making throughout the project lifecycle.

Learn more about 3D laser scan point clouds.

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What Are the Benefits of 3D Laser Scanning?

3D laser scanning has become an indispensable tool across the architecture, engineering and construction industries due to its ability to capture highly detailed and accurate 3D site data. Here are some of the key benefits of 3D laser scanning:

• Fast Data Collection: Laser scanning quickly captures detailed and comprehensive digital records of buildings or sites, making it effective for applications where precision is critical, such as construction, engineering, architecture, manufacturing, healthcare, automotive, oil and gas, and historical preservation, among others.
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• Dimensional Accuracy: A single laser scan captures millions of 3D data points per second, providing incredibly rich detail of a building or project site. Datasets are dimensionally accurate, measurable and shareable, expediting project planning and execution.
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• Eliminates Revisits and Disruption: Sites are captured in high detail the first time, eliminating the need for return visits. High speed data collection expedites projects that require minimal disruption.
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• Reduces Costs and Change Orders: Accurate design plans are produced from the start expediting field work and reducing change orders, delays and costs.
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• Safe and Non-Contact: 3D laser scanners collect data on tripods from a distance in hard-to-reach or hazardous locations, keeping workers out of harm’s way. The non-intrusive nature keeps historic sites and fragile artifacts untouched.
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• Visualization: Data from 3D laser scans can be used to create highly realistic visualizations and can be transformed into 2D drawings and 3D models, aiding in the design, analysis, and communication of complex structures and spaces.
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• Improves Communication: Teams can discuss plans while each has access to the same information, creating a more dynamic working environment.

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Why Use GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services?

3D laser scanning is fast, accurate and reliable. Three-dimensional data provides exact measurements of sites with a level of confidence and speed not possible with traditional tools. There’s no better way to drive decision making than to have accurate and intelligent, real-time data.

GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services provide 2-4mm accuracy by capturing 2 million data points per second, for efficient planning, design, and construction. Our in-house Mapping & Modeling Team can export your data to create accurate existing condition as-builts – above and below ground – to give you the accurate information you need in a format you can easily work with and share to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

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Learn more about the 3D Laser Scanning Process.

Learn more about 3D Laser Scanning Equipment.

Learn more about 3D Laser Scanning Deliverables.

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GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services reduce the risk for you, your team, and your assets with accurate as-built data to:

• Expedite project planning
• Reduce change orders
• Eliminate budget overruns
• Maintain project schedules
• Protect your reputation

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What can we help you visualize?

As urbanization and infrastructure demands increase, the need for efficient underground utility installations has never been greater.

Traditional tunnel-boring methods, while effective, often face challenges related to cost, speed, and environmental impact. A cutting-edge solution that is gaining traction is plasma tunnel-boring technology. This emerging method is being spearheaded by San Francisco-based startup Earthgrid, and leverages high-energy plasma to cut through rock and soil, offering a potential revolution in underground excavation.

Understanding Plasma Tunnel-Boring Technology

Plasma tunnel-boring technology utilizes superheated, ionized gas—plasma—to break through rock, melting and vaporizing it rather than mechanically cutting or grinding. This process is fundamentally different from traditional mechanical tunnel-boring machines (TBMs), which rely on rotating cutting heads equipped with discs or cutters.

The plasma process works by generating extremely high temperatures, often exceeding 10,000 degrees Celsius (18,000 degrees Fahrenheit). The intense heat melts rock into a molten state, and the resulting vaporized material is either extracted via a vacuum system or allowed to solidify into a stable glass-like material.

While still in its developmental and early deployment phases, this technology has been proposed as a more efficient alternative to conventional excavation methods, particularly for hard rock tunneling.

Advantages of Plasma Tunnel-Boring Technology

Increased Tunneling Speed

One of the primary advantages of plasma tunnel-boring is its ability to significantly accelerate the excavation process. Traditional TBMs can be slow, especially when encountering particularly hard rock formations. Plasma-based boring eliminates the mechanical wear and tear associated with cutter heads, allowing for continuous operation without frequent maintenance-related downtime.

Reduced Wear and Tear

Mechanical TBMs experience wear on their cutting discs, requiring regular maintenance and replacements, which increase operational costs and project timelines. Plasma tunneling, on the other hand, does not rely on direct mechanical contact with rock, reducing equipment degradation and maintenance needs.

Lower Environmental Impact

Compared to conventional excavation methods, plasma tunneling generates less vibration and noise, making it ideal for urban environments where minimizing disturbance is critical. Additionally, because the process vaporizes rock rather than displacing it, there is less need for waste removal and storage.

Enhanced Precision and Versatility

Plasma technology allows for greater control over tunnel size and shape, enabling more precise excavations. This feature is particularly beneficial for utility installations, where specific dimensions and alignments are often required.

Potential Cost Savings

While initial investment costs for plasma tunnel-boring equipment may be high, the long-term savings from reduced labor, maintenance, and material handling could make it an economically viable option. Faster excavation times can also reduce overall project costs and lead to quicker returns on investment.

Challenges and Limitations

Despite its promising advantages, plasma tunnel-boring technology faces several challenges that must be addressed before widespread adoption.

High Energy Requirements

Generating plasma requires substantial amounts of energy. This demand raises concerns about operational costs and environmental sustainability, particularly in regions where electricity generation is carbon-intensive. Developing more energy-efficient plasma systems or integrating renewable energy sources could help mitigate this challenge.

Initial Investment and Infrastructure

The equipment required for plasma tunneling is still in the early stages of commercialization. Acquiring and deploying such technology requires significant capital investment, making it less accessible for smaller-scale projects. Additionally, specialized training and workforce development are necessary for effective operation.

Material Handling Considerations

While plasma tunneling minimizes traditional spoil generation, the melted and vaporized rock must be managed properly. If not efficiently extracted or solidified, it could pose operational risks or create unintended geological consequences. Ensuring proper containment and disposal mechanisms is crucial for safe implementation.

Limited Field Testing and Commercial Adoption

As of now, plasma tunnel-boring technology has not been widely adopted in large-scale infrastructure projects. Further field testing and real-world applications are needed to refine the technology, validate its economic feasibility, and build industry confidence.

Applications in Utility Installations

The unique capabilities of plasma tunnel-boring technology make it highly attractive for various utility installation scenarios, particularly in dense urban areas where traditional excavation methods pose challenges.

Underground Electrical and Fiber Optic Installations

With increasing demand for high-speed internet and advanced electrical grid systems, underground cabling projects require efficient tunneling methods. Plasma boring can facilitate rapid conduit installation with minimal surface disruption, making it an ideal solution for urban infrastructure expansion.

Water and Sewer Systems

Expanding or upgrading underground water and sewer pipelines often requires tunneling through difficult geological conditions. Plasma-based excavation could enhance efficiency in these projects, particularly when working in rock-heavy terrains.

Gas and Oil Pipeline Installations

The oil and gas industry frequently requires underground pipeline installations in remote or geologically challenging areas. Plasma tunneling’s ability to penetrate hard rock quickly and with minimal surface impact makes it a valuable tool for these applications.

Microtunneling and Trenchless Technologies

Trenchless utility installation methods are increasingly preferred due to their reduced surface impact. Plasma tunneling can further improve the effectiveness of microtunneling, enabling more precise and rapid underground boring with fewer environmental disruptions.

Future Outlook

As plasma tunnel-boring technology continues to develop, several key advancements are expected to drive its adoption in the utility installation sector:

• Energy Efficiency Improvements: Research into lower-energy plasma generation methods and integration with renewable energy sources could make plasma tunneling more sustainable and cost-effective
• Automation and AI Integration: Enhanced automation and artificial intelligence could optimize plasma boring operations, reducing human intervention and improving precision
• Regulatory and Industry Standardization: Widespread adoption of plasma tunneling will require clear regulations and industry standards to ensure safety, efficiency, and environmental compliance
• Expanded Pilot Projects: More large-scale pilot projects are needed to demonstrate the technology’s viability in real-world conditions and encourage investment from the private and public sectors

Whether you’re breaking ground with plasma, microtrenching with more traditional methods, or fully excavating a site, it’s vital to know what’s already below before you dig.

GPRS offers a comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention services, including precision utility locating utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanners and electromagnetic (EM) locators.

This accurate, field-verified data is always at your fingertips thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

Is GPRS able to distinguish between different types of underground utilities?

Yes, our SIM-certified Project Managers can usually identify the utility in question without any problems. It’s not always possible, however. In cases where we can’t determine what type of utility is present, we attempt to trace the utility to a valve, meter, control box, or other signifying markers to determine the type of utility buried.

Will I need to mark out the utilities that GPRS locates?

No, GPRS will locate and mark all utilities for you. We have a variety of tools and markers we can use to highlight the locations of utilities, underground storage tanks (USTs), and whatever else may be hiding.

It takes precision, efficiency, and structural integrity to properly install underground utilities.

Bore spacers are a critical tool in ensuring the long-term durability and preventing potential hazards when installing multiple utility conduits.

What is a Bore Spacer?

A bore spacer is a structural component used to support and maintain the alignment of multiple conduits within a borehole during the installation of underground utilities. These spacers help ensure that conduits remain separated, properly aligned, and structurally sound, preventing potential damage due to external pressures, shifting soil, or thermal expansion.

Bore spacers are commonly used in horizontal directional drilling (HDD) applications, where utilities such as telecommunications, water, gas, and electrical conduits need to be installed underground without traditional trenching methods. They come in various designs and materials, including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene, stainless steel, and composite materials, depending on the specific application requirements.

Functions of Bore Spacers in Utility Locating

Bore spacers serve multiple critical functions in the underground installation of utilities, including:

1. Maintaining Conduit Separation: Bore spacers prevent conduits from coming into contact with each other, reducing wear and tear, minimizing friction, and preventing potential electrical interference in power and communication lines.
2. Ensuring Proper Alignment: By keeping conduits evenly spaced, bore spacers help maintain the structural integrity of the installation and prevent misalignment that could complicate future repairs or maintenance.
3. Load Distribution: Spacers help distribute external loads evenly across all conduits, reducing stress and potential collapse due to soil movement, external forces, or fluid pressure within the pipes.
4. Facilitating Easier Installation: Proper spacing and alignment simplify the pulling or pushing of conduits through the borehole, reducing installation time and labor costs.
5. Enhancing Protection Against Damage: Bore spacers reduce the risk of abrasion and mechanical stress, extending the longevity of utility lines and minimizing the likelihood of service disruptions.

Pros of Using Bore Spacers in Utility Installation

Improved Structural Integrity

Bore spacers provide enhanced stability and protection to conduits, reducing the risk of buckling, sagging, or misalignment. This is particularly important in applications where external pressures, shifting soils, or high temperatures could otherwise compromise the integrity of the installation.

Reduced Risk of Utility Damage

By keeping conduits separated, bore spacers help prevent mechanical damage caused by vibration, thermal expansion, or ground movement. This is especially beneficial in high-traffic or industrial areas where underground utilities are exposed to significant stress factors.

Enhanced Safety and Compliance

Regulatory bodies often require proper spacing between utility conduits to meet safety standards. Bore spacers help ensure compliance with these regulations, reducing liability risks for utility companies and contractors.

Increased Installation Efficiency

Bore spacers make the installation process more efficient by preventing delays caused by misalignment or conduit damage. Their use simplifies conduit pulling and reduces the need for rework, leading to faster project completion times.

Cost Savings Over Time

Although bore spacers add an initial cost to the project, they help reduce long-term maintenance expenses by preventing utility damage and reducing the need for emergency repairs. This can result in significant cost savings over the lifespan of the installation.

Cons of Using Bore Spacers in Utility Installation

Higher Initial Costs

The purchase and installation of bore spacers add to the upfront cost of utility installation. While they provide long-term benefits, some contractors may opt for more cost-effective alternatives in budget-sensitive projects.

Additional Installation Time

Properly installing bore spacers requires careful planning and additional time compared to installations without them. This could extend project timelines, especially for complex installations involving multiple conduits and difficult terrain.

Limited Flexibility in Certain Applications

Some utility installations may require flexible conduit positioning due to unique site conditions. Bore spacers, while excellent for maintaining alignment, may restrict this flexibility, making adjustments more challenging in the field.

Compatibility Considerations

Not all bore spacers are suitable for every type of conduit material or installation method. Choosing the wrong type can lead to increased friction, difficulty in conduit insertion, or compatibility issues with surrounding materials.

Potential for Over-Specification

In some cases, using bore spacers may not be necessary, especially in installations where conduits are installed with protective casings or have minimal external stressors. Over-specification of spacers can lead to unnecessary costs without a proportional benefit.

Whether or not you’re using bore spacers, the best way to fully mitigate the risk of damaging existing underground utilities when installing new ones is to hire a professional utility locating and mapping company to provide you with complete, accurate infrastructure information prior to excavation.

GPRS offers 99.8% accurate utility locating services, utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locating to find everything from conduit and gas lines to underground storage tanks (USTs). And all this field-verified data is always at your fingertips thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), our proprietary project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

Eliminate mistakes caused by communications by having your vital infrastructure easily accessible, yet securely shareable 24/7, from any computer, tablet, or smartphone.

Click below to schedule your live, personal SiteMap^® demo today!

Frequently Asked Questions

What do I get when I hire GPRS to conduct a utility locate?

Our SIM-certified Project Managers flag and paint their findings directly on the ground, which we’ve found to be the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

We also use a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use.

All this accurate, field-verified data is at your fingertips thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

Every GPRS customer receives a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal account with every utility locate.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and non-conductive utilities?

Yes! Ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times, however, when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal for GPR equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. Fortunately, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating, including using electromagnetic (EM) locators to compensate for GPR’s limitations.