industry insights

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the current weapon of choice in the never-ending technological arms race.

But as everyone makes the mad dash to adopt AI and integrate it into how they work, a recent Engineering News-Record article argued that it’s important to remember that this technology is not fully understood and comes with inherent risks – especially in the high-stakes architecture, engineering and construction industries.

Jeff Albee, vice president and director of digital solutions at global engineering, architecture, and environmental consulting firm, Stantec, wrote that while AI is a “potentially transformative” technology for AEC industries, the rush to adopt AI “can lead to an over-reliance on systems that aren’t fully understood or properly vetted.”

“This is remarkably risky in the AEC world, where legal and safety compliance is mandatory and quality standards are non-negotiable,” he said. “The consequences of failing to properly assess and implement AI could be catastrophic, potentially leading to engineering failures or other serious issues that could endanger lives.”

Over the past few years, more and more AEC firms have integrated AI to assist in project planning, operations and maintenance (O&M), jobsite safety, and more.

A recent report surveying 400 technology decision-makers at AEC firms in the U.S., U.K., Canada, France, Spain, Germany, Australia, and New Zealand found that 74% of these firms are now using AI within one or more phases of their building projects. But 54% of those using AI are concerned about AI regulation, and 44% of those say these concerns are having a real impact on AI implementation within their companies.

“The issue for firms (and the clients who employ them) is that the understanding of how to bring AI systems under the compliance umbrella in our industry is relatively immature,” Albee wrote. “And the mysterious processes that power AI and Machine Learning (ML) are a black box that are often left unexplained to the consumer of the outcomes that these services produce.”

Major questions remain to be answered about when and to what extent firms should disclose the use of AI-generated content in client deliverables.  

“If an AI model generates part of some design schematic, who is responsible for ensuring that those elements of the design meet regulatory and safety standards?” Albee asked. “Should there be an “ingredients” label to disclose AI has been employed in the creation of work? A warning label? And if so, how should a client distinguish between a broadly available AI system (like CoPilot from Microsoft) that’s tried and trusted versus a proprietary model perhaps less well known?

“This lack of clarity could result in over-promising and worse, science errors or design flaws,” he continued. “That obviously creates massive potential liability for AEC firms.”

Albee urged AEC firms to establish standards and frameworks that provide guidance on quality and compliance.  

Several organizations have already begun this work. The White House recently issued a Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights which outlines five principles to protect individuals from the potential harms of AI. And the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF) offers guidance for understanding and managing AI use.

“…As regulatory bodies increasingly turn their attention to AI, compliance with these standards will likely become mandatory,” Albee wrote. “Firms that proactively align their AI practices with these frameworks will be better positioned to adapt to future regulatory changes and maintain their competitive edge. We must not wait for the first catastrophic failure to figure this out. Using these frameworks now will allow companies to open the aperture of understanding of the wider risks that AI poses.”

As AEC firms work to fully understand and harness AI technology, GPRS will be here to help you Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® with our accurate, field-verified infrastructure data that keeps you on time, on budget, and safe.

We offer a comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention, existing conditions documentation, and construction & facilities project management services designed to give you the accurate, actionable data you need to execute you and/or your client’s vision. Utilizing state-of-the-art technology and an industry-leading methodology, we can locate buried utilities, pinpoint leaks in underground water lines, inspect the integrity of sewer pipes, map & model your job site both above and below ground, and more.

All this data is at your fingertips 24/7 thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), powered by GPRS. This proprietary project & facility management application provides you with accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

SiteMap^® allows you and your team to plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better by providing you with a single source of truth for all the vital infrastructure data you’ll need through every step of your project.

Click below to schedule a live, personal SiteMap^® demo today.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does GPRS communicate the results of their utility locates?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor.

Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

Can ground penetrating radar be used to verify known measurements?

We can use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans to verify the accuracy of plans.

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap^® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^®, powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.

Does SiteMap^® Work with my Existing GIS Platform?

SiteMap^® allows for exporting of data to SHP, GeoJSON, GeoPackage, and DXF directly from any user’s account that either owns or has a job shared to their account. All these file formats can be imported and utilized by other GIS packages if manually imported by the user.

More information can be found at SiteMap.com.

Enhancing data quality and reporting, targeting top damage drivers, and improving locating practices were among the topics that the Common Ground Alliance covered in their most recent recommendations to guide the damage prevention industry.

These recommendations were part of the CGA’s 2023 DIRT Report: the organization’s annual analysis of data submitted to 811 call centers.

The report introduces the CGA’s new tool for measuring the damage prevention industry’s ongoing efforts to enhance excavation safety, and highlights several subsurface damage prevention programs and success stories from the past year.

It also lists recommended actions for facility owners, locators, excavators, and 811 centers to take to achieve the CGA’s 50-in-5 industry challenge, enhance data quality and reporting, target top damage drivers, and improve locating practices.

“As we confront the challenge of significantly reducing damages to underground utilities, addressing the persistent top root causes demands a transformative mindset across the industry,” the report reads. “While the 2022 DIRT Report provides detailed, root cause-specific recommendations that remain relevant, the 2023 Report calls for even more decisive steps towards industry-wide improvement.”

Enhancing Data Quality and Reporting

To enhance data quality and reporting, the CGA recommends the following actions:

Facility Owners, Locators, Excavators

• Participate in the Damage Prevention Institute and submit damage data and metrics monthly to accelerate industry insights and improvements.

811 Centers

• Implement a standardized metric for measuring locate timeliness or “excavation readiness.”
• Establish a consistent process for mapping 811 center ticket data to standard DIRT field options such as work type.

All Stakeholders

• Regularly assess organizational data collection policies and DIRT DQI score, and develop strategies to reduce the percentage of "unknown" entries in critical data fields like root cause and work type.
• Utilize the DIRT root cause flow chart to guide more actionable root cause selection and the Common Work Types tool to map free text to DIRT work types – both are tools developed by CGA Committees.
• Become familiar with your state’s damage reporting requirements by reviewing regulations and 811 center guidelines, ensure all relevant staff are trained on reporting procedures and implement internal processes to meet or exceed state reporting standards.
• Bookmark the DIRT Interactive Dashboard and explore it regularly to guide your damage prevention outreach and programs.

Targeting Top Damage Drivers

To address the top damage drivers, the CGA recommends the following actions:

Facility Owners, Excavators, 811 Centers

• Implement tailored education and outreach programs for water/sewer, telecom and construction/development excavators, which are the leading types of work involved in damages.
• Develop scalable damage prevention strategies to accommodate the expected surge in excavation activities and arrival of out-of-state excavators who may be unfamiliar with local damage prevention regulations.

All Stakeholders

• Develop tiered education approaches based on the urban-rural continuum, recognizing that each geography poses unique challenges.
• Strengthen media and outreach materials for use following extreme weather to reduce damages in the wake of increased precipitation, natural disasters and other extreme events.
• Establish coordination mechanisms between government agencies/regulators, facility owners, excavators, locators and other industry stakeholders to manage the impact of increased infrastructure investments and reduce the incidence of utility-on-utility damage.

Improving Locating Practices

To improve locating practices, the CGA recommends the following actions:

All Stakeholders

• Develop enforcement mechanisms for timely locating, considering both monetary (e.g., New Mexico) and collaborative (e.g., Massachusetts) approaches.

Facility Owners

• Improve contracts with third-party locators to ensure there are not financial, temporal or other barriers to on-time and accurate delivery of locates. Consider implementing best value contracts, which prioritize quality and overall value over the lowest price, as one potential approach to achieve this goal. Regularly meet with third-party locators to facilitate collaboration and information-sharing, regardless of the contract type in place.
• Invest in GPS-enabled locating devices and develop a protocol for locators to update facility maps in the field, ensuring that new or revised asset information is more immediately available to excavators and locators who need it. Implement a quality control process to verify and approve map updates before they are finalized.

Facility Owners, Locators, 811 Centers

• Conduct thorough analysis of 811 ticket screening effects on damage rates and Locating Practice root causes.

How GPRS Supports Subsurface Damage Prevention Efforts

GPRS supports CGA’s mission of subsurface damage reduction through our comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention and utility mapping services.

We offer 99.8% accurate utility locating services that utilize ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locators to fully visualize the built world beneath your feet. And when it’s time to share and collaborate with this accurate, field-verified data, SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application, is there to help you plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

How does GPRS communicate the results of their utility locates?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor.

Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

Can ground penetrating radar be used to verify known measurements?

We can use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans to verify the accuracy of plans.

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap^® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^®, powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.

Does SiteMap^® Work with my Existing GIS Platform?

SiteMap^® allows for exporting of data to SHP, GeoJSON, GeoPackage, and DXF directly from any user’s account that either owns or has a job shared to their account. All these file formats can be imported and utilized by other GIS packages if manually imported by the user.

More information can be found at SiteMap.com.

When you have a project 3D laser scanned, there are many possible deliverables and file formats to choose from. Selecting the right 3D laser scan output type can be a daunting task.

GPRS is the only 3D laser scanning company with a nationwide U.S. footprint, so we are familiar with fielding requests from the architecture, engineering, and construction industries, among others. And every job has its own particular requirements.

That’s why we strive to tailor the best CAD, BIM, digital twin, point cloud, or 3D virtual tour solutions for our customers’ needs.

The first step is for you to determine the purpose of the 3D laser scan and the software you'll be using, for example do you want CAD drawings, a 3D BIM model, or a 3D virtual tour?

Below, you can explore the wide range of detailed and accurate deliverables that 3D laser scanning can provide, helping you bring your projects to life with precision and efficiency.

‍

What are the Deliverables After 3D Laser Scanning?

Point Cloud

A point cloud is the collection of millions of data points, captured with a 3D laser scanner, that represent the scanned surface or object, each containing an X, Y, and Z coordinate. The point cloud records a digital 3D representation of the scanned environment, capturing geometry, spatial relationships, and physical features. You can import the point cloud into CAD or BIM software to visualize the area as a pixelated, digital version of your site. Point clouds can be processed and used for measurement, analysis, and visualization.

Deliverable: Raw Point Cloud Data or Registered Point Clouds.

File Formats: .e57, .LAS, .LAZ, .XYZ, .PTS point cloud files and Autodesk Recap files in .RCS and .RCP format.

‍

2D CAD Drawings

A 2D CAD drawing is a flat, digital representation of an object or structure created using CAD software. It displays views from different angles, such as top, front, or side, using geometric shapes, lines, arcs, and text to show size, shape, and layout. Point cloud data is imported into AutoCAD to generate 2D CAD drawings, where technicians can document and annotate them with text, dimensions, leaders, and tables.

Deliverable: Floor plans, site plans, elevations, sections, details, isometric drawings, and reflected ceiling plans.

File Formats:  2D sheets in .RVT, .DWG, .DGN, .DXF or .PDF formats.

‍

3D BIM Model

A 3D BIM model is a digital representation of a building that integrates geometry, spatial relationships, and detailed data about its components. Created using BIM software like Revit, the model provides an accurate, intelligent, and dynamic 3D virtual model for design, construction, and facility management. A 3D BIM model includes information on structural elements, MEP systems, materials, and can also include cost and scheduling data. 3D BIM models provide users with the ability to break down building parts by elements or layers and see how they fit into a single finalized structure. For example, users can isolate walls, columns, windows, doors, etc., and alter the design.

Deliverable: 3D BIM Model

File Formats:  3D models in software such as Revit, AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, MicroStation, SolidWorks, Navisworks in .RVT, .NWD, .IFC, .BCF file formats.

Modeling Options: Standard Detail, High Detail, Very High Detail.

‍

3D Mesh Model

Highly detailed 3D laser scan data can be converted into 3D mesh files, such as .fbx, .stl, .obj, and .ply, for use in CAD or surfacing software. Using x, y, z coordinates, CAD technicians can generate a triangulated mesh from the point cloud, creating a volumetrically accurate, high-density, and high-resolution model. This mesh allows clients to easily view the geometry of objects in CAD without navigating the point cloud. Meshes are ideal for representing intricate details, like monuments or statues, and can be used for creating mixed reality experiences, such as those in stadiums during sporting events.

Deliverable: Polygonal Mesh.

File Formats: .FBX, .STL, .OBJ, and .PLY.

‍

TruView

A TruView is a high-resolution panoramic image that can be overlayed on top of the point cloud, making it easier to understand the spatial relationships within the scanned area. Since TruViews are overlaid on the point cloud data, clients are able to take basic dimensions directly from the Viewer for estimating clearances, and distances, etc. It allows users to easily share, annotate, and view detailed 3D laser scan data for decision-making.

Deliverable: Autodesk TruView portable software allows you to open and view the LGS format of the point cloud, as well as overlay IFC (3D model) files.

File Formats: TruViews can be delivered as a .LGS or .LGSX but a structured .RCP will also have images so an end user with point cloud software can navigate this file format similar to a TruView virtual tour.

‍

3D Virtual Tour

A 3D Virtual Tour consists of a series of 360° panoramic images stitched together to create a complete, interactive view of a location. This tool allows your team to virtually explore the space and add digital notes, providing a detailed and immersive experience. The 3D Virtual Tour can be accessed on desktop computers, laptops, tablets, and mobile devices for easy viewing from anywhere.

Deliverable: 360° panoramic images, plus a customizable .LGSx point cloud data file format.

File Formats: .LGSx or a browser based virtual tour via Benaco or Matterport.

‍

‍

Subsurface Utility Map

A subsurface utility map is a visual representation of underground utilities, such as water, gas, electrical, telecommunications, and sewer lines, typically created using data from Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electromagnetic (EM) Locating technology, 3D laser scanning, and GIS systems. The map helps engineers, contractors, and planners identify the location and condition of these utilities to avoid damage during construction or excavation.

Deliverable: Standard CAD Site Plan, Interactive Site Plan in SiteMap^®, 3D BIM or Conceptual Site Models (CSM).

File Formats: PDF file, KMZ file, and SiteMap Personal Access.

• PDF File: A subsurface utility map in PDF format is a static document containing the visual representation of utilities, typically designed for easy viewing and sharing. It includes layers showing the location of pipes, cables, and other underground infrastructure, often with annotations and measurements.
  ‍
• KMZ File: A KMZ file is a compressed format for geospatial data that stores georeferenced maps. In subsurface utility mapping, it can be viewed in Google Earth or GIS software, allowing for 3D visualization and precise location data to integrate underground utilities with surface maps.
  ‍
• SiteMap^® Personal Access: Digital utility maps are uploaded in SiteMap^® GPRS’ free cloud-based software, providing quick access and secure sharing of detailed, geolocated, and layered underground utility maps. The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Team can generate TruBuilt plan views and 3D BIM or Conceptual Site Models (CSM) for better project or facility management.

‍

Tank & Vessel Inspections

3D laser scan data delivers accurate data and a highly detailed analysis when evaluating the condition and integrity of tanks and vessels. A LiDAR point cloud is processed and compared against a CAD/BIM drawing/model or previous scan data to detect deformations, corrosion, weld inconsistencies, and deviations from design specifications. Advanced software generates color-coded deviation maps, cross-sectional analysis, and precise dimensional measurements, allowing engineers to assess structural integrity and compliance with industry standards such as API 653, ASME, or ASTM. This level of detail helps in predictive maintenance, ensuring early detection of potential failures, minimizing downtime, and optimizing repair planning.

Deliverable: Point clouds, 2D CAD drawings, 3D BIM models.

File Formats: .PPT, .PDF, Excel, .XML.

‍

Deformation and Inspection Reports

Deformation and Inspection Reports from 3D laser scanning provide detailed analysis of structural changes, irregularities, or defects in physical objects or environments. Using the precise data captured by the laser scanner, the report compares the scanned point cloud data against a reference model (such as a CAD or BIM file) to identify deviations in shape, alignment, and size. These reports can detect issues such as settling, warping, misalignment, and corrosion in structures, or inconsistencies in manufacturing parts. The output typically includes color-coded deviation maps, dimensional measurements, and detailed annotations, helping engineers and contractors assess the condition of a structure or component, plan for maintenance, and ensure quality control.

Deliverable: Deformation and Inspection Reports.

File Formats: PDF, .RCS, .RCP, .DXF, .DWG, .STL, .OBJ.

‍

Photogrammetry Matterport Pro 3

While the Matterport Pro3 is not a laser scanner, it is equipped with a 30-megapixel sensor and 12-element lens camera, plus LiDAR technology, allowing you to create walkthroughs, 3D tours, digital twins, 3D models, point clouds, floor plans, schematic maps, and professional quality 2D still capture output of physical spaces, with the ability to edit and share them using the Matterport app and digital twin technology cloud service.

Deliverable: Virtual tours, digital twins, point clouds, layouts, floorplans, schematic maps, and more.

File Formats: .JPG, .e57, .DWG, .DXF, .PDF, .RCS, .CTB, .RVT, .IFC, .OBJ.

‍

Topographic or Aerial Maps

A map or model of the terrain, showing the shape of the land and its elevations and contours, often in the form of 2D or 3D representations.

Data Type: Elevation data, contour lines, spatial coordinates.

File Formats: .PDF, .DXF, .DWG, .SHP, .GeoTIFF, .KML.

‍

Orthomosaic Image

A high-resolution, geometrically corrected aerial image composed of multiple stitched-together photos. It is distortion-free and maintains uniform scale, making it ideal for visual inspection, documentation, and 3D modeling.

Data Type: 2D raster image, high-resolution aerial photos.

File Formats: .TIFF, .JPEG, .PNG, .ECW, .SID.

‍

Orthomosaic Map

A geo-referenced orthomosaic image of topography, infrastructure, and buildings integrated with real-world coordinates and spatial data, often used in GIS (Geographic Information Systems). It allows for precise measurements, analysis, and mapping applications in construction, land surveying, and environmental monitoring.

Data Type: Georeferenced raster data with spatial coordinates and topographical features.

File Formats: .GeoTIFF, .KML, .SHP, .DWG, .DXF.

‍

Digital Elevation Model (DEM)

A general term for a 3D representation of the Earth's surface, typically focusing on elevation data. It captures the height of land surfaces above a reference point, usually sea level, and may include natural features, such as hills as well as man-made structures, such as buildings or roads. DEMs are commonly used in topographic analysis, flood modeling, and terrain analysis.

Deliverable: A 3D model or map that represents terrain elevation and surface features.

Data Type: Elevation data in a raster format.

File Formats: .TIFF, .GeoTIFF, .ASCII, .DEM, .IMG, .XYZ.

‍

Digital Surface Model (DSM)

A DSM represents the Earth's surface, but it includes both natural and artificial objects, such as trees, buildings, and other structures. This model captures the elevation of the highest points, making it useful for urban planning, forestry, and line-of-sight analysis.

Data Type: Raster-based surface data with topographic and structural features.

File Formats: .TIFF, .GeoTIFF, .ASC, .DSM, .LAS.

‍

Digital Terrain Model (DTM)

A DTM is a more refined version of a DEM that focuses on representing only the bare earth surface, excluding objects like buildings, vegetation, or other man-made features. It provides elevation data for natural terrain and is used for applications such as earthworks design, hydrology, and land management.

Deliverable: A 3D model or 2D map showing only the bare earth surface, useful for terrain analysis and planning.

Data Type: Cleaned elevation data focusing solely on natural land features.

File Formats: .TIFF, .GeoTIFF, .DEM, .ASC, .DXF, .SHP, .XYZ.

‍

Note: GPRS is not a surveying company; however, our work supports surveyors in a number of ways. GPRS does not conduct SUE, however our non-destructive underground utility methods have a 99.8% accuracy rate and can support QL-B SUE efforts.

‍

How To Determine the Best 3D Scanning Deliverable for Your Project

To determine which deliverable you need from 3D laser scanning services, follow these steps:

1. Define the Purpose of Your Project: Start by clarifying the main objective of your project. Are you focused on capturing precise as-built conditions for future design, inspection, or analysis? Do you need 3D visualizations, documentation, or an accurate 3D BIM model to plan construction or renovations? The purpose of the scan will guide the deliverables.
   ‍
2. Understand Your Software Requirements: Consider what software you'll use for post-processing the scan data. Different deliverables are compatible with specific software, such as AutoCAD, Revit, BIM software, GIS systems, or point cloud processing tools. For example, if you plan to use BIM software, you may need an intelligent 3D BIM model. If you're working with GIS tools, an orthomosaic map or DEM might be necessary.
   ‍
3. Evaluate the Level of Detail Needed: Some projects require high levels of detail, such as 3D BIM models with structural, mechanical, and electrical information, while others may only need simpler 2D CAD drawings for reference. Decide on the level of precision and detail your project demands.
   ‍
4. Consider Visualization Needs: If your project benefits from visual presentations or virtual experiences, such as virtual tours or mixed-reality applications, 3D virtual tours or 3D mesh models might be suitable. These deliverables allow for immersive exploration and visualization.
   ‍
5. Identify Data Usage and Analysis: If you need to analyze structural conditions or monitor changes over time, reports such as deformation and inspection reports or floor flatness reports might be necessary. These reports include detailed analysis, such as deviations from design specifications, making them valuable for quality control and maintenance planning.
   ‍
6. Check File Compatibility: Ensure that the file formats are compatible with your software tools and workflows. For example, a .RCP or .RCS file might be ideal for Autodesk software, while KMZ files are better for GIS applications like Google Earth.
   ‍
7. Consult with Experts: If you're unsure which deliverable suits your project, consult GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services. We can advise you on the most suitable output based on your project's goals and the type of data you need.

By understanding the specific requirements of your project and how you plan to use the scan data, you'll be able to select the most appropriate deliverable to meet your needs effectively.

‍

GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services

GPRS is an experienced 3D laser scanning company, who can help you determine the appropriate file format for deliverables from 3D laser scanning. Let us help you discover how this cutting-edge technology can offer you invaluable insights, streamline workflows, and ensure the highest level of quality in your design, construction, and planning processes.

GPRS has cataloged and recorded notable sites such as the Kennedy Space Center, NFL stadiums, LaGuardia Airport and so many more, that have each presented unique requirements or challenges. GPRS uses this data to further develop our expertise in 3D scanning, helping clients plan for challenges before they arise.

We pledge to remain at the forefront of construction technology for our clients. Our powerful data collection methods provide a level of detail and accuracy that allows us to be the leading 3D laser scanning service provider to the architecture, engineering, and construction industries. Whether mapping historic buildings or providing new construction verification, GPRS 3D laser scanning services offer a wide range of deliverables for many types of projects.

GPRS’s experience in LiDAR 3D scanning, use of survey-grade lasers, and dedication to providing accurate data have made us the leading provider of 3D scanning for the architecture, engineering and construction industries. With a dedicated GPRS team, quick and accurate scanning, and detailed deliverables, engineers and general contractors can rest assured, knowing their sites are properly documented and modeled.

To request a quote from GPRS contact us here.

Concrete cutting and coring are integral operations in the construction industry, enabling modifications and installations within existing structures.

But these tasks come with inherent risks that necessitate a comprehensive safety strategy to protect workers and maintain project integrity.

Emphasizing hazard identification and protective measures and adhering to industry-best practices will help you reduce the safety risks of cutting or coring concrete.

Understanding the Risks

Before implementing safety protocols, it's crucial to recognize the specific hazards associated with concrete cutting and coring:

• Silica Dust Exposure: Cutting or drilling concrete releases respirable crystalline silica, which can lead to silicosis, lung cancer, and other respiratory diseases. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates a permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 50 micrograms per cubic meter of air over an 8-hour shift.
• Equipment-Related Injuries: The use of powerful tools like saws and drills can result in cuts, lacerations, or amputations if not handled properly.  
• Electrical Hazards: Accidentally cutting into live electrical conduits embedded within concrete can cause electrocution or severe burns.
• Structural Damage: Interfering with structural elements embedded within a concrete slab, like rebar or post tension cables (PT cables) can compromise the integrity of a building, leading to potential collapse or costly repairs.
• Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL): Prolonged exposure to high-decibel noise from cutting equipment can lead to permanent hearing damage.

Implementing a Safer Strategy

To address these hazards effectively, consider the following components in your safety strategy:

1. Comprehensive Hazard Assessment

• Site Evaluation: Conduct thorough assessments to identify potential hazards such as embedded utilities, structural reinforcements, and environmental factors that may affect safety.
• Utility Location: Hire a professional concrete scanning company that utilizes ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanning to detect hidden utilities and structural elements within concrete structures before commencing work.

2. Engineering Controls

• Dust Suppression: Implement wet cutting techniques and local exhaust ventilation systems to minimize airborne silica dust. These methods help maintain air quality and reduce respiratory risks.
• Noise Control: Utilize equipment designed to operate at lower noise levels and establish barriers or enclosures to contain noise, protecting workers from NIHL.

3. Administrative Controls

• Training Programs: Provide comprehensive training on equipment operation, hazard recognition, and emergency response procedures. Regular refresher courses ensure that workers remain informed about the latest safety practices.
• Work Scheduling: Plan tasks to limit exposure to hazardous conditions, such as scheduling cutting activities during times when fewer workers are present to reduce potential exposure.

4. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Respiratory Protection: Equip workers with N95 respirators or higher-grade masks to protect against silica dust inhalation.
• Hearing Protection: Provide earplugs or earmuffs to safeguard against excessive noise levels.
• Eye and Face Protection: Use safety goggles or face shields to prevent injuries from flying debris.
• Hand and Foot Protection: Ensure the use of heavy-duty gloves and steel-toed boots to protect against cuts, lacerations, and falling objects.

5. Emergency Preparedness

• First Aid Availability: Maintain accessible first aid kits on-site, equipped to handle injuries specific to concrete cutting and coring activities.
• Emergency Response Plans: Develop and communicate clear procedures for responding to incidents, including evacuation routes and emergency contact information.

6. Regular Equipment Maintenance

• Routine Inspections: Schedule regular checks of all equipment to identify and address wear and tear, ensuring tools are in optimal working condition.
• Proper Storage: Store equipment in conditions that prevent damage and exposure to harmful elements, prolonging their lifespan and reliability.

Promoting a Culture of Safety

Beyond implementing these measures, fostering a culture that prioritizes safety is essential:

• Safety Meetings: Conduct regular discussions to review safety protocols, share experiences, and address concerns. Engaging workers in these conversations reinforces the importance of safety.
• Access to Information: Provide easy access to safety guidelines, equipment manuals, and emergency procedures, ensuring that all workers are informed and prepared.
• Encourage Reporting: Create an environment where workers feel comfortable reporting hazards or unsafe practices without fear of retribution, enabling proactive hazard mitigation.

How GPRS Helps Ensure Safe Cutting & Coring Projects

At GPRS, safety is always on our radar. That’s why we offer precision concrete scanning services designed to protect your team from the costly and potentially dangerous consequences of damaging electrical conduit, post tension cable, or rebar embedded within concrete slabs.

Our SIM-certified Project Managers use ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanners to visualize what you can’t see within the concrete, so you know where you can and can’t safely cut or core that slab.

We have an industry-leading 99.8% rate of accuracy when conducting concrete imaging. We’re so confident in our results that we introduced the Green Box Guarantee, which states that when a GPRS Project Manager places a Green Box within a concrete scanning layout prior to you cutting or coring that slab, we guarantee that the area within that box will be free of obstructions.

If we’re wrong, we agree to pay the cost of the damage.

At GPRS, we’re committed to Intelligently Visualizing The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

How is ground penetrating radar used to identify tendons vs. rebar in a post-tensioned slab?

In post-tensioned structures, GPRS typically finds one mat of support rebar near the base of the slab.

This mat is generally consistently spaced and remains at a constant elevation. Post tension cables are generally found above this support mat and “draped” throughout the rest of the structure. The elevation of the cable is usually high near the beams and column lines and drapes lower through the span between beams and column lines. Knowledge of these structural differences allows us to accurately differentiate between components.

Our Project Managers will leave you feeling confident in our findings and in your ability to drill or cut without issue.

Can GPR determine the difference between rebar and electrical conduit?

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) can accurately differentiate between rebar and electrical conduit in most cases. We have an extremely high success rate in identifying electrical lines in supported slabs or slabs-on-grade before saw cutting or core drilling.

Additionally, GPRS can use electromagnetic (EM) locators to determine the location of conduits in the concrete. If we can transmit a signal onto the metal conduit, we can locate it with pinpoint accuracy. We can also find the conduit passively if a live electrical current runs through it.

The combined use of GPR and EM locating allows us to provide one of the most comprehensive and accurate conduits locating services available.

The Common Ground Alliance (CGA) highlighted several subsurface damage prevention pilot programs and success stories in its 2023 DIRT Report.

The report recognized the work going on in Georgia, New Mexico, and Minnesota, among others, to address some of the most significant obstacles in achieving the CGA’s goal of cutting damages to critical underground utilities in half by 2028.

“These and other case studies found on the following pages are not just interesting anecdotes – they are blueprints for industry-wide transformation,” wrote CGA President & CEO, Sarah K. Magruder Lyle, in her letter included in the report. “They show us that innovative leaders who embrace innovation, vision and change are making progress right now across the country.”

Georgia 811’s Excavation Readiness Metric

In the DIRT Report, the CGA states that unpredictability in 811 ticket response time continues to contribute to excavators’ failure of confidence in the 811 system and needs to be addressed in order to make progress on reducing the top damage root cause year after year: failure to notify 811.

Across 12 states, reported data on the percentage of tickets where all locates were delivered on time ranged from 30-70%, with most hovering around 50%.

Analyzing this issue is challenging due to inconsistent methods for tracking the timely delivery of locates across states and 811 center software systems.

Georgia 811 has developed an “excavation readiness” metric that could help establish an industry standard for evaluating locating across 811 centers.  

By using expired tickets as a monthly denominator, Georgia 811 analyzes its positive response system to categorize tickets based on their status. This includes those with disputed responses, no responses, and incomplete responses (“Not Ready”), as well as those with complete and “Excavation Ready” responses. These figures are then used to generate an excavation readiness score.  

“Through adoption of similarly-structured positive response system queries or other data infrastructure manipulation, 811 centers across the U.S. must evolve toward a consistent methodology for tracking locating timeliness,” the CGA wrote. “CGA’s One Call Systems International (OCSI) Committee and Damage Prevention Institute (DPI) are both examining mechanisms for establishing, generating and collecting this data on a regular basis to improve the industry’s ability to correct this troubling trend.”

New Mexico and Massachusetts Get Creative With Locating Enforcement

New Mexico and Massachusetts have taken very different, yet equally creative approaches to enforcing proper utility locating practices.

New Mexico’s regulations require excavators to submit “warning locate requests” through New Mexico 811 (NM811) when underground facilities haven’t been marked and positive responses haven’t been provided. The CGA wrote in the DIRT Report that this process “creates accountability and establishes a clear procedure for addressing delays in the locating process.”

Under these regulations, facility operators must promptly address warning locate requests, preferably within two hours. NM811 is responsible for providing positive response records to the state’s Public Regulatory Commission’s Pipeline Safety Bureau (PSB) for investigating potential violations. To enforce compliance, the New Mexico PSB started imposing fines on facility operators in 2020. These fines, with a minimum amount of $811, are issued monthly.

“The regulations also offer financial protection excavators,” the CGA wrote. “In cases where facility owners fail to mark or provide a timely positive response, excavators can recover reasonable “downtime” costs. This provision safeguards excavators from undue financial burden and also serves as powerful incentive for facility owners to complete locates promptly… The state’s multi-faceted approach, combining clear regulations, strict enforcement and ongoing education, could serve as a model for others looking for enforcement mechanisms for timely utility locating.”

The Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities’ (MA DPU) Pipeline Safety Division, Damage Prevention Program is responsible for the enforcement of the state’s dig laws.

While reviewing utility damage data, the Division identified two non-gas operators that were not completing locate mark outs within the required timeframes. A deeper analysis uncovered significant weaknesses in the locating and marking process, particularly in communication between the operators and third-party locators.  

Rather than immediately imposing substantial financial penalties, the Division collaborated with the non-gas operators to develop an improvement plan. This plan included increasing daily locate audits, expanding training programs, adding staffing resources, and enhancing reporting frequency with other parties. As a result, the on-time locate rate for both operators has risen to nearly 100%.

“This example of collaborative problem-solving by regulators with facility operators to improve locating timeliness is a model that could be employed across the country to enforce locating timeliness,” the CGA wrote.

Minnesota Leverages High Locating Demand to Improve Facility Maps

To capitalize on high locating demand and enhance facility maps for more efficient locating, Gopher State One Call (GSOC), Minnesota’s 811 center, launched an innovative pilot program to equip municipalities and other stakeholders with GPS-enabled utility locating devices. This initiative offers free trials of these devices, providing real-time kinematic (RTK) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) accuracy to key damage prevention stakeholders, including municipalities, engineering firms, contractors, universities, and facility owners.  

The pilot allows field staff to seamlessly integrate highly accurate facility location data into mapping software, addressing the challenges and costs of updating outdated maps. By offering free access to GPS-enabled locators, the program has enabled participants to demonstrate the technology’s value and justify its adoption. Reports from participants highlight significant benefits, including a 50% reduction in field time for engineers and improved accuracy in public works mapping during locate operations.

“The success of this program highlights the potential for leveraging GPS data collected during the locating process to create and update facility maps in real-time,” the CGA wrote. “This approach can lead to improved locating efficiency, reduced damages and better asset management across the industry.”

How GPRS Supports CGA’s Mission

GPRS supports CGA’s mission of subsurface damage reduction through our comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention and utility mapping services.

We offer 99.8% accurate utility locating services that utilize ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locators to fully visualize the built world beneath your feet. And when it’s time to share and collaborate with this accurate, field-verified data, SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application, is there to help you plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

How does GPRS communicate the results of their utility locates?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor.

Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

Can ground penetrating radar be used to verify known measurements?

We can use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans in order to verify the accuracy of plans.

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap^® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^®, powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.

Does SiteMap^® Work with my Existing GIS Platform?

SiteMap^® allows for exporting of data to SHP, GeoJSON, GeoPackage, and DXF directly from any user’s account that either owns or has a job shared to their account. All these file formats can be imported and utilized by other GIS packages if manually imported by the user.

More information can be found at SiteMap.com.

How Does a 3D Laser Scanner Work?

A 3D laser scanner works by emitting laser beams onto a surface, measuring the time or phase shift of the reflected light, and recording data points to create a precise 3D digital representation of the object or environment.

To 3D laser scan a building, multiple scans are taken from different positions to capture all angles. The scanner collects millions of data points, creating a point cloud where each point has X, Y, Z coordinates to map the building's layout accurately. The outcome of the 3D laser scanning process is a realistic true-to-life digital model of the object or building that was being scanned.

‍

What Are the Methods of 3D Laser Scanning?

A laser scanner calculates the distance between itself and the object's surface using one of these four methods:

1. Time of Flight 3D Laser Scanning  

Overview: Measures the time it takes for the laser pulse to travel to the object and reflect back, using the speed of light to calculate distance.

Time of Flight 3D laser scanners measure distance by calculating the time it takes for a laser pulse to travel to an object and reflect back to the sensor. By emitting a pulsed light signal and recording the return time, the scanner accurately records precise distance calculations. By rotating the laser and sensor, usually around a mirror, Time of Flight scanners can capture full 360-degree scans, enabling comprehensive spatial mapping.

Below are examples of Time of Flight Laser Scanners available in the market:

• Leica C10 Laser Scanner
• Leica RTC360 Laser Scanner
• Trimble TX8, TX6, and X7 3D Laser Scanner
• Riegl VZ-400

2. Phase Based 3D Laser Scanning  

Overview: Compares the phase difference between the emitted and reflected laser beam to determine distance with high precision.

A phase based laser scanner is a type of 3D laser scanner that determines the distance to an object by measuring the "phase shift" of a constant laser beam that is emitted in multiple phases, rather than measuring the time it takes for the light to travel back, like in a time of flight scanner. The laser emits a patterned light wave, and when it reflects off an object, its phase shifts. The scanner measures this shift to calculate the distance to the object. This method allows for high accuracy and fast data capture, but typically has a shorter range compared to other laser scanners.

Below are examples of Phase Based Laser Scanners available in the market:

• FARO Focus M 70
• Faro Focus 3D
• Leica RTC360
• Leica BLK360
• Leica HDS7000

3. Laser Triangulation

Overview: Projects a laser onto the surface, and a sensor captures the reflection at a known angle to calculate distance using trigonometry.

In laser triangulation, a laser beam is projected onto a surface, and the reflected light is captured by a sensor to determine distance. This 3D laser scan technology applies the principles of trigonometry by measuring the displacement of the laser dot or line in the camera's field of view to calculate precise distances. Triangulation works by using geometric calculations based on the angle of the laser beam from a known position, forming a "triangle" to determine distance. This technique provides high accuracy at close ranges, though it has a shorter range compared to time of flight and phase based scanning technologies. This method provides high accuracy at close ranges, making it ideal for applications like industrial inspection and reverse engineering.

Below are examples of 3D Laser Triangulation scanners:

• Faro’s Focus3D
• MakerBot Digitizer
• BQ Ciclop
• Matter Form  

4. Photogrammetry

Overview: This method captures multiple images of an object from different angles, then uses software to reconstruct the 3D shape.

Photogrammetry is the process of capturing images and stitching them together to create a digital model of the physical world. A 3D Matterport camera, which can also be equipped with LiDAR, can digitally document buildings, facilities, and sites with high-resolution images. Photogrammetry can be mounted on tripods, worn as mobile devices, flown by drones, or attached to cranes for aerial views. The process captures 4K HDR photographs from multiple angles to create a 360° site view, and LiDAR technology can record precise three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) in the form of a point cloud.

Below are examples of Photogrammetry cameras:

• Matterport Pro3

‍

How is 3D Laser Scan Data Registered?

A 3D laser scan point cloud is registered by aligning multiple scans with overlapping areas into one coordinate system. Unwanted noise, like reflections or background clutter, is cleaned or deleted using software like Autodesk Recap. Once cleaned and aligned, the scans are merged into a single, accurate 3D point cloud. Proper registration ensures that measurements taken from the 3D laser scans are accurate and the data can be exported for use in CAD or BIM applications like Revit or AutoCAD.

‍

What Can I Do with the Point Cloud?

The 3D laser scan technology mentioned above captures comprehensive as-built data of a building or site’s exterior and interior, including structural elements, architectural details, utilities, dimensions, surface features, and surrounding terrain.

Point cloud data can be transformed into custom 2D CAD drawings, 3D BIM models, 3D mesh models, TruViews, digital twins, 3D virtual tours, and floorplans, offering precise measurements and detailed visual data. GPRS uploads custom deliverables to SiteMap^®, a free cloud-based digital storage platform.

3D laser scan point clouds provide architects, engineers, and contractors with highly accurate, real-world data for design, construction, and renovation projects. By capturing millions of precise measurements, point clouds create a detailed 3D representation of existing conditions, reducing the need for manual measurements and minimizing errors. Architects use this data to integrate designs seamlessly into existing structures, engineers rely on it for structural analysis and clash detection, and contractors benefit from improved planning, cost estimation, and quality control. This technology enhances efficiency, reduces rework, and ensures better decision-making throughout the project lifecycle.

Learn more about 3D laser scan point clouds.

‍

‍

What Are the Benefits of 3D Laser Scanning?

3D laser scanning has become an indispensable tool across the architecture, engineering and construction industries due to its ability to capture highly detailed and accurate 3D site data. Here are some of the key benefits of 3D laser scanning:

• Fast Data Collection: Laser scanning quickly captures detailed and comprehensive digital records of buildings or sites, making it effective for applications where precision is critical, such as construction, engineering, architecture, manufacturing, healthcare, automotive, oil and gas, and historical preservation, among others.
  ‍
• Dimensional Accuracy: A single laser scan captures millions of 3D data points per second, providing incredibly rich detail of a building or project site. Datasets are dimensionally accurate, measurable and shareable, expediting project planning and execution.
  ‍
• Eliminates Revisits and Disruption: Sites are captured in high detail the first time, eliminating the need for return visits. High speed data collection expedites projects that require minimal disruption.
  ‍
• Reduces Costs and Change Orders: Accurate design plans are produced from the start expediting field work and reducing change orders, delays and costs.
  ‍
• Safe and Non-Contact: 3D laser scanners collect data on tripods from a distance in hard-to-reach or hazardous locations, keeping workers out of harm’s way. The non-intrusive nature keeps historic sites and fragile artifacts untouched.
  ‍
• Visualization: Data from 3D laser scans can be used to create highly realistic visualizations and can be transformed into 2D drawings and 3D models, aiding in the design, analysis, and communication of complex structures and spaces.
  ‍
• Improves Communication: Teams can discuss plans while each has access to the same information, creating a more dynamic working environment.

‍

‍

Why Use GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services?

3D laser scanning is fast, accurate and reliable. Three-dimensional data provides exact measurements of sites with a level of confidence and speed not possible with traditional tools. There’s no better way to drive decision making than to have accurate and intelligent, real-time data.

GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services provide 2-4mm accuracy by capturing 2 million data points per second, for efficient planning, design, and construction. Our in-house Mapping & Modeling Team can export your data to create accurate existing condition as-builts – above and below ground – to give you the accurate information you need in a format you can easily work with and share to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

‍

Learn more about the 3D Laser Scanning Process.

Learn more about 3D Laser Scanning Equipment.

Learn more about 3D Laser Scanning Deliverables.

‍

GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services reduce the risk for you, your team, and your assets with accurate as-built data to:

• Expedite project planning
• Reduce change orders
• Eliminate budget overruns
• Maintain project schedules
• Protect your reputation

‍

What can we help you visualize?

As urbanization and infrastructure demands increase, the need for efficient underground utility installations has never been greater.

Traditional tunnel-boring methods, while effective, often face challenges related to cost, speed, and environmental impact. A cutting-edge solution that is gaining traction is plasma tunnel-boring technology. This emerging method is being spearheaded by San Francisco-based startup Earthgrid, and leverages high-energy plasma to cut through rock and soil, offering a potential revolution in underground excavation.

Understanding Plasma Tunnel-Boring Technology

Plasma tunnel-boring technology utilizes superheated, ionized gas—plasma—to break through rock, melting and vaporizing it rather than mechanically cutting or grinding. This process is fundamentally different from traditional mechanical tunnel-boring machines (TBMs), which rely on rotating cutting heads equipped with discs or cutters.

The plasma process works by generating extremely high temperatures, often exceeding 10,000 degrees Celsius (18,000 degrees Fahrenheit). The intense heat melts rock into a molten state, and the resulting vaporized material is either extracted via a vacuum system or allowed to solidify into a stable glass-like material.

While still in its developmental and early deployment phases, this technology has been proposed as a more efficient alternative to conventional excavation methods, particularly for hard rock tunneling.

Advantages of Plasma Tunnel-Boring Technology

Increased Tunneling Speed

One of the primary advantages of plasma tunnel-boring is its ability to significantly accelerate the excavation process. Traditional TBMs can be slow, especially when encountering particularly hard rock formations. Plasma-based boring eliminates the mechanical wear and tear associated with cutter heads, allowing for continuous operation without frequent maintenance-related downtime.

Reduced Wear and Tear

Mechanical TBMs experience wear on their cutting discs, requiring regular maintenance and replacements, which increase operational costs and project timelines. Plasma tunneling, on the other hand, does not rely on direct mechanical contact with rock, reducing equipment degradation and maintenance needs.

Lower Environmental Impact

Compared to conventional excavation methods, plasma tunneling generates less vibration and noise, making it ideal for urban environments where minimizing disturbance is critical. Additionally, because the process vaporizes rock rather than displacing it, there is less need for waste removal and storage.

Enhanced Precision and Versatility

Plasma technology allows for greater control over tunnel size and shape, enabling more precise excavations. This feature is particularly beneficial for utility installations, where specific dimensions and alignments are often required.

Potential Cost Savings

While initial investment costs for plasma tunnel-boring equipment may be high, the long-term savings from reduced labor, maintenance, and material handling could make it an economically viable option. Faster excavation times can also reduce overall project costs and lead to quicker returns on investment.

Challenges and Limitations

Despite its promising advantages, plasma tunnel-boring technology faces several challenges that must be addressed before widespread adoption.

High Energy Requirements

Generating plasma requires substantial amounts of energy. This demand raises concerns about operational costs and environmental sustainability, particularly in regions where electricity generation is carbon-intensive. Developing more energy-efficient plasma systems or integrating renewable energy sources could help mitigate this challenge.

Initial Investment and Infrastructure

The equipment required for plasma tunneling is still in the early stages of commercialization. Acquiring and deploying such technology requires significant capital investment, making it less accessible for smaller-scale projects. Additionally, specialized training and workforce development are necessary for effective operation.

Material Handling Considerations

While plasma tunneling minimizes traditional spoil generation, the melted and vaporized rock must be managed properly. If not efficiently extracted or solidified, it could pose operational risks or create unintended geological consequences. Ensuring proper containment and disposal mechanisms is crucial for safe implementation.

Limited Field Testing and Commercial Adoption

As of now, plasma tunnel-boring technology has not been widely adopted in large-scale infrastructure projects. Further field testing and real-world applications are needed to refine the technology, validate its economic feasibility, and build industry confidence.

Applications in Utility Installations

The unique capabilities of plasma tunnel-boring technology make it highly attractive for various utility installation scenarios, particularly in dense urban areas where traditional excavation methods pose challenges.

Underground Electrical and Fiber Optic Installations

With increasing demand for high-speed internet and advanced electrical grid systems, underground cabling projects require efficient tunneling methods. Plasma boring can facilitate rapid conduit installation with minimal surface disruption, making it an ideal solution for urban infrastructure expansion.

Water and Sewer Systems

Expanding or upgrading underground water and sewer pipelines often requires tunneling through difficult geological conditions. Plasma-based excavation could enhance efficiency in these projects, particularly when working in rock-heavy terrains.

Gas and Oil Pipeline Installations

The oil and gas industry frequently requires underground pipeline installations in remote or geologically challenging areas. Plasma tunneling’s ability to penetrate hard rock quickly and with minimal surface impact makes it a valuable tool for these applications.

Microtunneling and Trenchless Technologies

Trenchless utility installation methods are increasingly preferred due to their reduced surface impact. Plasma tunneling can further improve the effectiveness of microtunneling, enabling more precise and rapid underground boring with fewer environmental disruptions.

Future Outlook

As plasma tunnel-boring technology continues to develop, several key advancements are expected to drive its adoption in the utility installation sector:

• Energy Efficiency Improvements: Research into lower-energy plasma generation methods and integration with renewable energy sources could make plasma tunneling more sustainable and cost-effective
• Automation and AI Integration: Enhanced automation and artificial intelligence could optimize plasma boring operations, reducing human intervention and improving precision
• Regulatory and Industry Standardization: Widespread adoption of plasma tunneling will require clear regulations and industry standards to ensure safety, efficiency, and environmental compliance
• Expanded Pilot Projects: More large-scale pilot projects are needed to demonstrate the technology’s viability in real-world conditions and encourage investment from the private and public sectors

Whether you’re breaking ground with plasma, microtrenching with more traditional methods, or fully excavating a site, it’s vital to know what’s already below before you dig.

GPRS offers a comprehensive suite of subsurface damage prevention services, including precision utility locating utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanners and electromagnetic (EM) locators.

This accurate, field-verified data is always at your fingertips thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

Is GPRS able to distinguish between different types of underground utilities?

Yes, our SIM-certified Project Managers can usually identify the utility in question without any problems. It’s not always possible, however. In cases where we can’t determine what type of utility is present, we attempt to trace the utility to a valve, meter, control box, or other signifying markers to determine the type of utility buried.

Will I need to mark out the utilities that GPRS locates?

No, GPRS will locate and mark all utilities for you. We have a variety of tools and markers we can use to highlight the locations of utilities, underground storage tanks (USTs), and whatever else may be hiding.

It takes precision, efficiency, and structural integrity to properly install underground utilities.

Bore spacers are a critical tool in ensuring the long-term durability and preventing potential hazards when installing multiple utility conduits.

What is a Bore Spacer?

A bore spacer is a structural component used to support and maintain the alignment of multiple conduits within a borehole during the installation of underground utilities. These spacers help ensure that conduits remain separated, properly aligned, and structurally sound, preventing potential damage due to external pressures, shifting soil, or thermal expansion.

Bore spacers are commonly used in horizontal directional drilling (HDD) applications, where utilities such as telecommunications, water, gas, and electrical conduits need to be installed underground without traditional trenching methods. They come in various designs and materials, including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene, stainless steel, and composite materials, depending on the specific application requirements.

Functions of Bore Spacers in Utility Locating

Bore spacers serve multiple critical functions in the underground installation of utilities, including:

1. Maintaining Conduit Separation: Bore spacers prevent conduits from coming into contact with each other, reducing wear and tear, minimizing friction, and preventing potential electrical interference in power and communication lines.
2. Ensuring Proper Alignment: By keeping conduits evenly spaced, bore spacers help maintain the structural integrity of the installation and prevent misalignment that could complicate future repairs or maintenance.
3. Load Distribution: Spacers help distribute external loads evenly across all conduits, reducing stress and potential collapse due to soil movement, external forces, or fluid pressure within the pipes.
4. Facilitating Easier Installation: Proper spacing and alignment simplify the pulling or pushing of conduits through the borehole, reducing installation time and labor costs.
5. Enhancing Protection Against Damage: Bore spacers reduce the risk of abrasion and mechanical stress, extending the longevity of utility lines and minimizing the likelihood of service disruptions.

Pros of Using Bore Spacers in Utility Installation

Improved Structural Integrity

Bore spacers provide enhanced stability and protection to conduits, reducing the risk of buckling, sagging, or misalignment. This is particularly important in applications where external pressures, shifting soils, or high temperatures could otherwise compromise the integrity of the installation.

Reduced Risk of Utility Damage

By keeping conduits separated, bore spacers help prevent mechanical damage caused by vibration, thermal expansion, or ground movement. This is especially beneficial in high-traffic or industrial areas where underground utilities are exposed to significant stress factors.

Enhanced Safety and Compliance

Regulatory bodies often require proper spacing between utility conduits to meet safety standards. Bore spacers help ensure compliance with these regulations, reducing liability risks for utility companies and contractors.

Increased Installation Efficiency

Bore spacers make the installation process more efficient by preventing delays caused by misalignment or conduit damage. Their use simplifies conduit pulling and reduces the need for rework, leading to faster project completion times.

Cost Savings Over Time

Although bore spacers add an initial cost to the project, they help reduce long-term maintenance expenses by preventing utility damage and reducing the need for emergency repairs. This can result in significant cost savings over the lifespan of the installation.

Cons of Using Bore Spacers in Utility Installation

Higher Initial Costs

The purchase and installation of bore spacers add to the upfront cost of utility installation. While they provide long-term benefits, some contractors may opt for more cost-effective alternatives in budget-sensitive projects.

Additional Installation Time

Properly installing bore spacers requires careful planning and additional time compared to installations without them. This could extend project timelines, especially for complex installations involving multiple conduits and difficult terrain.

Limited Flexibility in Certain Applications

Some utility installations may require flexible conduit positioning due to unique site conditions. Bore spacers, while excellent for maintaining alignment, may restrict this flexibility, making adjustments more challenging in the field.

Compatibility Considerations

Not all bore spacers are suitable for every type of conduit material or installation method. Choosing the wrong type can lead to increased friction, difficulty in conduit insertion, or compatibility issues with surrounding materials.

Potential for Over-Specification

In some cases, using bore spacers may not be necessary, especially in installations where conduits are installed with protective casings or have minimal external stressors. Over-specification of spacers can lead to unnecessary costs without a proportional benefit.

Whether or not you’re using bore spacers, the best way to fully mitigate the risk of damaging existing underground utilities when installing new ones is to hire a professional utility locating and mapping company to provide you with complete, accurate infrastructure information prior to excavation.

GPRS offers 99.8% accurate utility locating services, utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locating to find everything from conduit and gas lines to underground storage tanks (USTs). And all this field-verified data is always at your fingertips thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), our proprietary project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

Eliminate mistakes caused by communications by having your vital infrastructure easily accessible, yet securely shareable 24/7, from any computer, tablet, or smartphone.

Click below to schedule your live, personal SiteMap^® demo today!

Frequently Asked Questions

What do I get when I hire GPRS to conduct a utility locate?

Our SIM-certified Project Managers flag and paint their findings directly on the ground, which we’ve found to be the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

We also use a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use.

All this accurate, field-verified data is at your fingertips thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), GPRS’ project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

Every GPRS customer receives a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal account with every utility locate.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and non-conductive utilities?

Yes! Ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times, however, when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal for GPR equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. Fortunately, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating, including using electromagnetic (EM) locators to compensate for GPR’s limitations.

Cross bores present a significant risk to municipalities, utility companies, and the public.

A cross bore occurs when a new underground utility is inadvertently installed through an existing utility or pipeline, often lying undetected until later excavation or maintenance. These hidden conflicts can lead to catastrophic failures, including gas leaks, sewer backups, and infrastructure damage.

Given the potential hazards, it’s vital that municipalities establish a comprehensive cross bore prevention and mitigation strategy to ensure public safety, regulatory compliance, and long-term cost efficiency.

Understanding Cross Bores and Their Risks

Cross bores typically result from trenchless technology methods such as horizontal directional drilling (HDD), auger boring, and pipe bursting. While these techniques minimize surface disruption and accelerate utility installations, they also increase the likelihood of intersecting existing underground infrastructure if not properly managed.

Key Risks Associated with Cross Bores:

• Public Safety Hazards: Undetected cross bores in gas lines can lead to explosions, fires, and carbon monoxide poisoning
• Sewer System Compromise: A cross bore into a sewer line can result in blockages, causing sewage backups and property damage
• Infrastructure Damage: Repairing cross bores is costly and disruptive to local infrastructure, impacting businesses and residents
• Legal and Financial Liabilities: Municipalities may face lawsuits, regulatory penalties, and insurance claims due to cross bore incidents

Developing a Municipal Cross Bore Strategy

A municipal cross bore strategy should encompass proactive prevention, diligent detection, and efficient mitigation. The following steps outline a best-practice approach for creating an effective program.

1. Establish a Cross Bore Prevention Program

Prevention is the most effective way to manage cross bore risks. Municipalities should develop clear policies and procedures to minimize the occurrence of new cross bores.

Implement Pre-Construction Planning

• Hire a professional utility locating and mapping company that also can conduct sewer pipe inspection services, to fully inspect and map your buried infrastructure
• Utilize Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping to maintain updated records of underground infrastructure
• Require utility coordination meetings before excavation projects commence

Enhance Contractor and Staff Training

• Develop mandatory cross bore awareness training for municipal workers and contractors
• Educate stakeholders on proper trenchless technology procedures and cross bore prevention techniques
• Encourage certification programs for HDD operators and inspection personnel

Enforce Rigorous Permitting and Oversight

• Require permits for all trenchless construction projects with a detailed utility conflict assessment
• Establish stringent regulations for directional drilling and excavation projects
• Conduct pre- and post-installation inspections to verify proper utility placements

2. Implement a Cross Bore Detection Program

Even with robust prevention measures, some cross bores may still occur. A systematic detection program ensures that existing cross bores are identified and mitigated before they lead to critical failures.

Adopt Video Inspection Technology

• Hire a professional sewer inspection company to conduct Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) sewer inspections to detect potential cross bores
• Establish a schedule for routine inspections of high-risk areas
• Require post-construction CCTV inspections for all trenchless installations near sewer laterals

Encourage Public Reporting and Utility Collaboration

• Create a municipal reporting system where residents and plumbers can report suspected cross bores
• Develop partnerships with utility providers to share data on underground utility installations and previous cross bore incidents
• Implement a standardized process for investigating reports and prioritizing responses

3. Develop a Cross Bore Mitigation Plan

Once detected, municipalities must have an efficient response protocol to resolve cross bores safely and effectively.

Establish Emergency Response Procedures

• Develop a standardized emergency response plan for gas-related cross bores
• Ensure coordination with fire departments, utility companies, and first responders
• Provide public safety alerts when high-risk cross bores are discovered in populated areas

Ensure Safe and Efficient Repairs

• Utilize non-destructive excavation techniques such as hydro-excavation to expose cross bores
• Develop repair protocols based on best practices and industry standards
• Require post-repair inspections to confirm the issue has been resolved

Regulatory Compliance and Industry Standards

Municipal cross bore programs must align with federal, state, and local regulations to maintain compliance and ensure the safety of residents. Relevant standards include:

• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Regulations for excavation and utility work
• Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) Guidelines for gas pipeline safety
• American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Standards for subsurface utility engineering (SUE)
• Local Utility Coordination Laws requiring municipalities to work with public and private utility providers

Municipalities should also engage with industry organizations such as the National Utility Contractors Association (NUCA) and Common Ground Alliance (CGA) to stay informed about emerging best practices and technological advancements in cross bore management.

Funding and Resource Allocation

Developing and maintaining a cross bore strategy requires financial investment. Municipalities should explore funding opportunities and cost-effective solutions to support their initiatives.

Leverage Federal and State Grants

• Seek infrastructure improvement grants that support utility safety and modernization
• Apply for funding through agencies like the U.S. Department of Transportation and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Implement Cost-Sharing Programs with Utilities

• Develop agreements with utility companies to share the costs of inspections and remediation
• Establish fee-based programs for developers and contractors to contribute to cross bore prevention efforts

Utilize Public-Private Partnerships (P3s)

• Collaborate with technology providers to pilot new detection methods at a lower cost
• Work with academic institutions and research organizations to develop innovative solutions for cross bore management

Let GPRS Help Protect Your Municipality from Cross Bores

Cross bores represent a significant challenge in the management of underground utilities, particularly with the increasing use of trenchless technology.

GPRS’ utility locating, utility mapping, and video pipe inspection services provide you and your team members with a comprehensive understanding of the subsurface infrastructure in your project area, so you know where it’s safe to trench or bore, and where breaking ground could have catastrophic consequences.

Our team of over 500 SIM and NASSCO-certified Project Managers (PMs) are strategically stationed across every major market in the U.S., so you always have professional utility locating and mapping, and sewer line inspection services near you.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep you on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize? Click below to schedule a service or request a quote today.

Frequently Asked Questions

What size pipes can GPRS inspect?

Our NASSCO-certified Project Managers can inspect pipes from 2” in diameter and up.

What deliverables does GPRS offer when conducting a video pipe inspection (VPI)?

GPRS is proud to offer WinCan reporting to our Video Pipe Inspection clients. Maintaining sewers starts with understanding sewer condition, and WinCan allows GPRS Project Managers to collect detailed, NASSCO-compliant inspection data. GPRS Project Managers not only inspect the interior condition of sewer pipes, laterals, and manholes – they can also provide a map of their location. The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Department can provide detailed GPS overlays and CAD files. Our detailed WinCan/NASSCO reports contain screenshots of the interior condition of the pipe segments that we inspect, as well as a video file for further evaluation, documentation, and/or reference.q

How Do I Use My TruView Virtual Tour?

A TruView Virtual Tour is an immersive site visualization and collaboration tool that eliminates the need for complex CAD or BIM modeling software.  

‍

How is a TruView Generated?

During the 3D laser scanning process, in addition to capturing millions of 3D data points (the point cloud), the laser scanner also captures a 3D panoramic image (or TruView) at each scan position. A TruView is a high-resolution panoramic image that can be overlayed on top of the point cloud, making it easier to understand the spatial relationships within the scanned area.

GPRS Insight: The TruView is a "virtual street view" from each position where the laser scanner was set up during the 3D scanning process. A TruView allows our clients to navigate through the point cloud data as if they were standing at that specific scanner location, providing a visual context to the point cloud.

‍

How Does GPRS Create a TruView?

The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Team imports the raw point cloud data into Leica Cyclone REGISTER 360 for alignment, cleaning, and processing. During registration, the TruView HDR image is mapped onto the point cloud for photorealistic visualization and is georeferenced for precise location accuracy. Then, the registered scan data is converted into a Leica TruView LGS or TVG format to open in the TruView Viewer software.

‍

‍

What is TruView Virtual Tour Software?

TruView is a free software from Leica Geosystems that allows users to share reality capture data from 3D laser scanners, such as point clouds, design models, mark-ups, and more.

TruView is available as both an online web viewer and an installed desktop application.

GPRS Insight: A TruView is a user-friendly platform to explore and collaborate on 3D project data, without needing advanced CAD skills or complex 3D modeling software.

‍

What Can Users Do Inside Leica TruView Viewer?

The TruView Viewer is a software from Leica that allows users to open, view, measure, and annotate reality capture data, such as laser scan point clouds, AutoCAD files, and DWG files, from any computer or web browser without needing specialized software. The file sets must be made by Leica Cyclone TruView Publisher.

Leica TruView allows you to explore and interact with your 3D laser scan data in a virtual environment.

GPRS Insight: Users can navigate through the point cloud by "walking" through the different TruViews, essentially moving from one scanner position to another.

‍

What are the Functionalities of the Leica TruView Viewer?

• View Project: The TruView Viewer allows users to access and navigate through 3D point cloud and HDR imagery captured by the laser scanner. Users can move through the scanned environment using pan, zoom, and rotate controls to inspect specific areas.
  ‍
• Measurement Tools: Users can extract 3D coordinates to take accurate measurements of distances, angles, and dimensions directly within the virtual model.
  ‍
• Markup Annotations: To aid collaboration, users can add annotations, comments, markups, and hyperlinks directly on the point cloud, making it easy to share insights.
  ‍
• GeoTag Integration: Within a point cloud, specific locations can be linked to geographical coordinates, like latitude and longitude, through "GeoTags", allowing additional information about that location to be attached to each point, essentially creating a detailed map of the scanned area with extra details beyond just the 3D structure itself.
  ‍
• Overlay CAD/BIM Data: CAD and BIM models can be integrated into to the TruView to compare existing conditions with design plans for validation. With the smart model align tool, users can easily align BIM models to the point cloud.
  ‍
• Floor Flatness Analysis: Users can apply elevation color mapping or contour analysis and use measurement tools to assess deviations in surface levels.
  ‍
• Pipe Snapping: Users can apply pipe snapping measurement tools in the distance measurement menu, including snap to pipe edge and snap to centerline.
  ‍
• Pipe Diameter Measuring Tool: TruView offers a pipe diameter measurement when a pipe is selected.
  ‍
• Virtual Reality (VR) Experience: TruView allows users to explore the point cloud in an VR environment using Mixed Reality headsets, reducing the need for a site visit. Users can enter a fully immersive VR experience directly from the desktop application. The tool provides true-to-life scale visualization, integrating colorized point clouds and models to inspect designs, test-fit equipment, or access hard-to-reach areas. Users can walk, fly, or teleport through projects, perform measurements, and collaborate in real time.
  ‍
• GeoTag Settings: Users can color GeoTags by category for easier visual identification. Users can either batch change all GeoTags to one color or color them by category based on their assigned properties. The GeoTag occlusion slider controls how a Geotag is drawn when that GeoTag is partially hidden behind something else. Users also have the option to snap to GeoTags when measuring.
  ‍
• Verification Reports: The verification report is used to track changes that have been made to the project, such as modifications to the registration or the addition of project assets or GeoTags.
  ‍
• Export and Share: Share your project with stakeholders via web links, GeoTags, snapshots, or downloadable files for remote access and collaboration.

‍

Do TruViews Have Any Limitations?

TruViews have limited functionality, users looking to alter designs should consider using AutoCAD software. AutoCAD is a more advanced, technically accurate software application that aids construction professionals, designers, engineers, and architects in conceptualizing designs and drawings. With AutoCAD, users can create floor plans, sections, walls, windows, doors, and other layouts. AutoCAD is not as easy to use as the TruView Viewer and there are subscription costs.

‍

GPRS 3D Laser Scanning Services

GPRS can create TruViews for clients to view and share reality capture data. Our clients can easily navigate a point cloud, measure, markup, and visualize design models against real-world conditions.

GPRS provides comprehensive and quality scan-to-BIM services for engineering, construction, and architectural firms across the United States. Our in-house Mapping & Modeling team is highly trained and experienced in 3D laser scanning, CAD, and BIM software, plus we have a deep understanding of the construction process. We have optimized workflows for importing laser scan data, registration, creating deliverables, QA/QC checks, and transferring data to clients.

The Mapping & Modeling Team can produce custom deliverables for your project, ranging from point cloud data, 2D CAD drawings, 3D BIM models, 3D mesh models, TruViews, and 3D virtual tours.

GPRS Scan to BIM services enable architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) professionals to efficiently capture, model, design and construct projects.

GPRS helps clients Intelligently Visualize The Built World^®.

What can we help you visualize?

Job sites are dangerous places on the best of days. That’s why general contractors have safety teams and OSHA has inspectors.

Add a natural disaster or other emergency situation into the mix, and what was already dangerous becomes potentially lethal. That’s why it is vital for GCs, developers, and stakeholders to have proven risk mitigation processes in place before disaster strikes.

Although “National Preparedness Month,” falls in September, during the Atlantic hurricane season, construction cranks year round. The nationwide initiative designed to increase awareness of the need for disaster and emergency planning is important, especially in light of the dangers involved.

Why Do You Need a Disaster Plan?

In 2020 alone there were a record 30 named storms, while wildfires in the western U.S., Canada, and Australia decimated millions of acres of land. According to the UN Office of Disaster Risk Reduction, weather-related emergencies and disasters displaced more than 30 million people globally and insured financial losses due to those events topped $105 billion.

Extreme heat is also of increasing concern. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, at least 436 deaths have been attributed to heat exposure on the job between 2011 and 2021.

Events like these, and human-created emergencies that could include anything from an equipment failure to widespread illness to a firearm-related event put already stressed work crews at even greater risk.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) provides emergency preparedness resources for the construction industry and includes any “situation that threatens workers, customers, or the public; disrupts or shuts down operations, or causes physical or environmental damage.” These emergencies can include but are not limited to:

• Hurricanes
• Tornadoes
• Earthquakes
• Floods
• Wildfires
• Winter Weather
• Chemical Releases/Spills
• Disease Outbreaks
• Biological Agent Releases
• Explosions (with radiological sources)

How to Create a Disaster Plan for Your Construction Site

There are various risk mitigation models available, but a prevailing planning model adopted by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) breaks down into five areas, known colloquially as “The Five Ps” of preparedness, based on the agency’s National Preparedness Goal, and 32 “core capabilities” designed for managing a large, national crisis.

Many cities in the U.S. have adapted the five Ps into their risk management and disaster planning efforts. Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery are the five Ps adopted by cities like St. Louis, among others.

The National Association of Safety Professionals provides a plan blueprint specific to the construction industry that includes six steps:

1. Assess Potential Risks

Identify and document potential risks. Assess the possibility of problems and the risks they may cause, include risks like climate and weather conditions, traffic patterns, etc. and define individualized risk mitigation and emergency response plans for each potential event.

2. Identify Reliable Emergency Resources

Determine the location, viability, and contact points for local public emergency services like fire departments, police stations, and health care centers near your project site. Then, make contact with those providers and give them a copy of your emergency response plan so that they are looped in and ready to respond quickly should disaster strike.

3. Establish Emergency Communication Protocols

An emergency communication plan isn’t just how you talk to the emergency services teams, it is critically important to how you define responsibilities and communication avenues for your team. Communication plans streamline reporting and response times to help keep people safe. GPRS offers several products that can aid in communication, like FLRPLN to provide layout maps, or WalkThru 3D that can provide an instant navigable virtual escape route with directions to get your team out of harm’s way as quickly as possible.

4. Develop Procedures for Response to Specific Hazards

Every hazard brings its own specific risks, so each one needs its own set of response protocols. Everything from how you communicate the hazard (like safety data sheets), proper PPE, and how your team is expected to respond to an emergency event can play a role in how harmful and widespread it can become.

5. Implement Ongoing Employee Training and Instruction

Training your team to know your emergency procedures, from preparation through response and recovery, gives them confidence that they can respond effectively to any high-risk event and makes them more aware of the risks they encounter daily. It also instills confidence in the leadership of your safety team because your crew knows you have their backs.

6. Assess Effectiveness and Refine Your Plan

Build in regular reviews of your risk mitigation and emergency response procedures, request the thoughts of your team on what they’re encountering on the job, and create an ongoing process of refining and discovering new tools to help keep your people safer on the job, whatever it may bring.

It may feel like a lot of “What if?” scenarios and playing pretend about unlikely events, but creating individualized plans can make a huge difference when a disaster or emergency does occur. They can be the difference that saves lives, equipment and assets, and your budget.

GPRS sponsors several specific safety events throughout the year. We would love to bring our complimentary safety training to your jobsite or office.

Concrete Sawing & Drilling Safety Week

Construction Safety Week

Water & Sewer Damage Awareness Week

And various Lunch & Learns, Toolbox Talks, and Construction Tech Days

How can we help you create a safer job site? Click here to learn more.

A premier green space on one of the country’s most historic university campuses was made possible thanks to GPRS’ 99.8% accurate utility locating and NASSCO-certified sewer line inspection services.

The school was looking to transform a vacant lot next to its football stadium into 20 acres of enhanced green spaces for study and relaxation, tailgating, entertainment, and recreation for students and visitors. Key features of the park would include additional and enhanced tailgating space, water features, an outdoor amphitheater, a performance pavilion, dedicated media utilities for national broadcasts, permanent Distinguished Alumni recognition, and improved infrastructure.

The most visually striking element of the green space’s design was the large water feature in the center. To build this and other elements of the project, the university and its contractor knew that they would need to relocate at least some of the existing buried utilities in the area.  

“There were some existing drainage pipes that were already there,” explained GPRS Project Manager Alec Bacon, one of several GPRS team members that assisted in locating and mapping the buried infrastructure on the job site. “So, they wanted [us] to come out and inspect that, and then we also had another Project Manager on site locating the rest of the buried utilities in the area.”

Bacon began by deploying GPRS’ video pipe inspection service, which utilizes remote-controlled sewer inspection rovers and push-fed sewer scopes equipped with CCTV cameras and sondes: instrument probes that are detectable from the surface with electromagnetic (EM) locators.

Through these comprehensive sewer camera services, our NASSCO-certified Project Managers can not only map your sewer and stormwater systems; we can also inspect them for defects and damage including inflow/infiltration (I/I), clogs, and cross bores.

Bacon located and mapped the drainage lines under the vacant lot that would soon become the park, so the school’s contractor could properly excavate the lines and relocate them away from where the pond would soon be dug. He also was able to provide a detailed, NASSCO-compliant report with photo and video evidence of the lines’ condition, so the university could determine which lines needed replaced or repaired, and which ones they could tie into as they built infrastructure to support the water feature and surrounding park.

“[We did not find] much that would cause concerns, or anything that needed to be replaced,” Bacon said.

GPRS also provided utility locating services, utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locating to find and map all other utilities within the job site.

GPR is a non-destructive imaging technology that utilizes radio waves to locate objects buried underground or embedded within a surface such as a concrete slab. The GPR scanner emits the radio signal into the surface, then detects the interactions between that signal and the buried objects. The interactions are plotted onto a readout as a series of hyperbolas that vary in size and shape depending on the type of material that was located.

GPRS Project Managers are specially trained to interpret these readouts to determine the type of utility located and provide you with an estimated depth for the line.  

To complement our GPR scanning, we also employ EM locators. Rather than detecting the buried utility itself, these devices detect the electromagnetic signals radiating from metallic pipes and cables. These signals can come from the locator’s transmitter applying current to the pipe, or from current flow in a live electrical cable. They can also result from a conductive pipe acting as an antenna and re-radiating signals from stray electrical fields and communications transmissions.

GPRS’ comprehensive subsurface damage prevention services resulted in an accurate and complete map of the buried infrastructure, allowing for the park project to stay on time, on budget, and safe.  

GPRS was proud to help Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® for the university and its partners.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What do I get when I hire GPRS to conduct a utility locate?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor. Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive buried utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained in multiple methods of utility locating.

What size sewer and storm pipes can GPRS inspect?

Our elite, NASSCO-certified VPI Project Managers have the capabilities to inspect pipes from 2” in diameter and up.

What deliverables does GPRS offer when conducting a sewer pipe inspection?

GPRS is proud to offer WinCan reporting to our Video Pipe Inspection clients. Maintaining sewers starts with understanding sewer condition, and WinCan allows GPRS Project Managers to collect detailed, NASSCO-compliant inspection data. GPRS Project Managers not only inspect the interior condition of sewer pipes, laterals, and manholes – they can also provide a map of their location. The GPRS Mapping & Modeling Department can provide detailed GPS overlays and CAD files. Our detailed WinCan/NASSCO reports contain screenshots of the interior condition of the pipe segments that we inspect, as well as a video file for further evaluation, documentation, and/or reference.

General contractors, architects, engineers, and facility managers often request 3D laser scanning services to obtain a point cloud of their building or site to ensure proper planning of their construction, renovation, or facility management project. A point cloud dataset offers precise measurements and spatial information in a digital format to create detailed design plans and improve construction workflows.

To use a point cloud, you typically need to import it into specialized software like AutoCAD, Revit, or other CAD or BIM software. Here you can visualize, analyze, and manipulate the 3D data, and generate 2D CAD drawings or 3D BIM models depending on your specific needs.

‍

What is a Point Cloud?

A point cloud is the digital dataset captured with a 3D laser scanner. A laser scanner is equipped with LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology, which scans an object or environment by bouncing laser beams off surfaces to record a 3D digital representation of the space. Each point, containing X, Y, and Z coordinates along with additional data such as color, intensity, or classification, is plotted within a three-dimensional coordinate system.

‍

What Can You Do with a Point Cloud?

A point cloud captures 3D data of a building’s exterior and interior, including structural elements, architectural details, utilities, dimensions, surface features, and surrounding terrain. It provides an accurate digital representation, helping with design, renovation, and maintenance planning by offering precise measurements and detailed visual data. Using a 3D laser scan point cloud depends on your goals and the software you have available.

‍

Point Clouds for Construction and Architecture

Visualization:

Point clouds enhance visualization by delivering digital 3D representations of a building’s architectural, structural, and MEP features. Clients can import the point cloud into software like AutoCAD, Revit, CloudCompare, or Recap to view and analyze the data. This allows for precise modeling, design, and planning, improving decision-making and communication throughout the lifecycle of a project.

3D BIM Modeling:

A 3D BIM model is created by importing the point cloud data into specialized BIM software like Revit or AutoCAD, then manually tracing and interpreting the point cloud data to create intelligent 3D building elements like walls, floors, and ceilings, essentially "modeling" the structure based on the laser scan 3D data points. This process, often referred to as scan-to-BIM, ensures an accurate representation of the existing building conditions, and is useful for construction, renovation, and prefabrication projects.

Convert to a Mesh or Surface Model:

You can convert the point cloud to a 3D mesh with software like MeshLab, Geomagic, or Blender. Clients can perform a wide range of operations on a 3D mesh including: cleaning and repairing damaged meshes, editing geometry, smoothing surfaces, adding textures, inspecting details, converting file formats to STL or OBJ, preparing models for 3D printing, and even creating complex 3D animations.

Create 2D CAD Drawings:

To create sections, contours, or floor plans from a point cloud, clients can import the point cloud data into a CAD software like AutoCAD, then use tools like "section planes" to slice through the point cloud at specific angles, extracting the 2D geometry from the sliced view. Clients can trace or automatically generate lines based on the visible point cloud data to create a custom DWG or DXF 2D CAD drawing.

Measurement & Analysis:

Point clouds enable measurement and analysis by extracting precise dimensions and detecting changes in structures. They help analyze conditions, perform volumetric analysis, and study deformations. This data is crucial for monitoring structural integrity, ensuring accurate measurements, and supporting tasks like renovation, quality control, and planning for future developments.

Track Construction Progress:

Regular progressive construction laser scans can help track site evolution, monitor milestones, manage timelines, and ensure work stays on schedule. Point clouds record as-built site details, including utilities, concrete reinforcements, and MEP installations. Scans can be scheduled bi-weekly, monthly, or as needed.

Documenting Structures Before Demolition:

Point cloud data provides an accurate 3D record of a building before demolition, capturing its structure, materials, and utilities in a digital format. It allows engineers to analyze the existing conditions, identify hazardous materials, and plan safe demolition strategies. Additionally, the point cloud can be used for as-built documentation, ensuring critical features are recorded for future reference, redevelopment, or reconstruction.

‍

Point Clouds for Manufacturing and Engineering

As-Built Site Documentation & Digital Twin:

3D laser scanning captures the as-built condition of a facility in high detail, including exact layout of equipment, piping, and structures. A 3D BIM model or 3D digital twin can be created from the point cloud to foster collaboration on operations, engineering, and facility management.

Predictive Maintenance:  

Facility managers can use point cloud data to anticipate equipment failures before they happen, reducing downtime and maintenance costs. Instead of following a fixed maintenance schedule, predictive maintenance relies on real-time monitoring and data analysis to determine when equipment needs servicing.

Structural Integrity & Safety Inspection:

Comparing the point cloud with original CAD or BIM models helps detect shifts, cracks, or deformations in structures and equipment. This process also identifies potential safety hazards, such as misaligned pipes, supports, or machinery, ensuring that the facility remains secure and operational.

Space Utilization & Workflow Optimization:

Point cloud data allows for precise layout and measurement of distances between equipment and pathways. By analyzing these spatial relationships, facilities can optimize equipment placement to enhance efficiency and ensure compliance with safety regulations.

Clash Detection & Retrofit Planning:

Simulating new equipment installations within the point cloud model helps to seamlessly integrate with existing structures. This proactive approach allows for the detection of conflicts before renovation begins, reducing the risk of rework and minimizing project costs. This is especially useful for equipment with no existing blueprints.

Quality Control & Inspection:

Point cloud data captures highly accurate 3D scans of components, allowing precise comparison with CAD models to check tolerances. It also can detect wear, deformation, or misalignment in machinery by analyzing deviations from the original design. This ensures parts meet specifications, reducing defects and improving reliability. Using point cloud-based inspection enhances accuracy, speeds up quality assessments, and helps identify potential failures before they impact production or safety.

Energy & Environmental Analysis:

Point clouds not only have spatial coordinates (X, Y, Z) but also a corresponding temperature value which can reveal heat leaks, ventilation issues, or insulation gaps that affect energy efficiency. By utilizing intensity values, facilities can optimize lighting and HVAC systems to improve overall energy performance and sustainability.

Compliance & Regulatory Audits:

Ensuring that fire exits, safety zones, and accessibility features comply with regulations is crucial for facility safety and legal adherence. Point cloud documentation serves as an essential record for insurance and regulatory audits, helping facilities maintain compliance and mitigate risks.

‍

Point Clouds for Land Surveying & Mapping

Topographic Mapping:

3D laser scanning captures terrain elevations in a point cloud, accurately representing hills, valleys, and land contours. Clients can convert this data into detailed 2D topographic maps, commonly used in surveying, construction, and planning.

Infrastructure Monitoring:

Point clouds are ideal for infrastructure monitoring, allowing the tracking of changes in structures over time through repeated scans. This technology helps identify shifts, wear, or degradation in roads, bridges, and other infrastructure. By comparing scans, engineers can monitor conditions, predict maintenance needs, and ensure long-term safety and stability.

‍

Point Clouds for Other Applications

Forensic Analysis:

3D laser scanning can be used to reconstruct complex accident sites and incident scenes in 3D with millimeter accuracy. The point cloud generated by laser scanning provides irrefutable demonstrative evidence that can be used at trial or mediation.

Cultural Heritage Preservation:

3D laser scanning delivers point cloud data of historical sites, documenting intricate architectural details for preservation and restoration. It creates accurate digital records of monuments, buildings, and artifacts, helping historians, archaeologists, and conservationists analyze structures without physical contact. These scans assist in restoration planning, detecting deterioration, and recreating damaged or lost elements. Additionally, point clouds allow for virtual tourism and research, ensuring cultural heritage remains accessible for future generations.

Virtual Site Walkthrough:

A point cloud can be used to create a virtual walkthrough by capturing a detailed 3D representation of a space. Point cloud data allows users to explore environments in an immersive, interactive way. Whether it's for real estate, architecture, or historical preservation, point clouds provide accurate measurements and visual details, enabling users to "walk through" spaces remotely. This enhances planning, design, and decision-making while offering a realistic experience without physical presence.

Virtual Reality, Mixed Reality and Augmented Reality:

A point cloud can be used to create immersive, interactive experiences by providing detailed 3D representations of real-world environments. In Virtual Reality (VR), point clouds allow users to explore fully interactive digital environments, perfect for training and simulation. In Mixed Reality (MR), point clouds integrate real-world and virtual elements, aiding in architectural design and construction planning. Point clouds can also be used to develop MR experiences during sporting events, including football games and even the Super Bowl. For Augmented Reality (AR), point clouds overlay detailed 3D models onto real-world views, enhancing site assessments and visualizations. In all three technologies, point clouds provide accurate spatial data, ensuring realistic experiences, making them essential in architecture, design, construction, and entertainment.

Video Game Development:

3D laser scanning captures detailed, dimensionally accurate 3D representations of real-world environments, ideal for video game development. This technology allows environments to be quickly documented and rendered, delivering photorealistic, high-detail point clouds that enhance game visuals.

Projection Mapping:

Point cloud data can be used to design 3D multimedia shows using the latest 3D projection mapping or video mapping techniques. 3D laser scanning enhances projection mapping by providing accurate, detailed 3D models of surfaces and environments. The point cloud data captures precise geometry, which is then used to map projections onto physical objects or buildings. This ensures that projections align perfectly with the surfaces, creating immersive, visually stunning effects. Ideal for events, art installations, or architectural projections, 3D laser scanning helps to create highly realistic, dynamic visuals that adapt to the unique contours and features of any surface.

‍

Why Choose GPRS 3D Laser Scanning?

GPRS 3D laser scanning services capture as-built site conditions in a point cloud with provide unparalleled speed and accuracy. This level of detail helps avoid errors during construction, renovation, or restoration projects.

GPRS’ elite team of Project Managers efficiently 3D laser scans the exterior and interior of each site with professional-grade Leica laser scanners, capturing the exact layout, dimensions, and locations of your specific project requirements, such as architectural, structural, and MEP features, walls, windows, doors, stairs, roof, railings, exposed columns, beams, equipment, piping, ducts, and more.

Our Mapping & Modeling Team registers and processes the point cloud, removing noise and setting the coordinate system to provide the most precise measurements. Point cloud data is then compiled into custom 2D CAD drawings and 3D BIM models and delivered via SiteMap^®. SiteMap^® is GPRS’ free cloud-based software that delivers point cloud data, 2D CAD drawings and 3D BIM models, all in one platform.

‍

What can we help you visualize?

‍

Frequently Asked Questions

‍How much time does it take to create a point cloud?

It depends on the project scope. Most projects can be laser scanned in a couple of hours, or larger sites in a few days. After the scan is complete, the data must be registered and can be uploaded to the client. This process can take 2-3 days. 2D CAD sheets and 3D BIM models can be created from the point cloud data. This will take additional time from experienced CAD designers. To receive a project estimate, click here. 

Can a point cloud be created in color?

Data can be captured in intensity (RGB), greyscale (black and white) and full color. Colorized point clouds combines the benefits of a photo (or photogrammetry) with the precision of laser scanning. To complete a full color laser scan, the building or site must have good lighting. Read about the benefits of scanning in color, click here.

‍

When you need to excavate, ensuring the safety and integrity of underground utilities is paramount.  

Before bucket meets earth, it's essential to identify and mark existing underground infrastructure to prevent utility strikes which can lead to service disruptions, costly repairs, and severe safety hazards.  

Traditionally, contractors have relied on the 811 "Call Before You Dig" service to notify partner utility companies of planned excavations. And while you still must follow the law and call 811 before you dig, advancements in technology, several tools and software solutions such as SiteMap^® (patent pending), powered by GPRS, have emerged to streamline the 811 ticket management process, enhancing efficiency and safety for contractors.

The Evolution of 811 Ticket Management

The 811 service serves as a critical communication link between excavators and utility operators.  

Upon receiving a notification from their regional 811 service, registered utility companies dispatch locators to mark the underground utilities at the excavation site. While this system has been effective, managing multiple tickets, especially for large-scale projects, can become cumbersome. Recognizing this challenge, several software solutions have been developed to automate and simplify the 811 ticket management process.

Innovative Tools Enhancing 811 Locates

811Assist

Developed by Josh Heller, 811Assist is designed to assist contractors by managing all state-required 811 calls and locate tickets. The platform allows users to view the status of all locate tickets related to a project in real-time. Contractors can choose to manage their ticket refreshes and non-responses themselves or have 811Assist handle the entire process, acting as a liaison between the client and the local 811 service. This centralized approach ensures that all records are maintained in one location, enhancing efficiency and accountability.

811spotter

811spotter offers automated 811 ticket management tailored for contractors. The software empowers teams to track, document, and communicate 811 ticket information seamlessly. Key features include:

• Efficiency: Eliminates manual data entry through end-to-end automation, managing all ticket activities, including renewals, utility responses, and notifications.
• Visibility: Provides real-time summaries of ticket statuses, centralizing all ticket details in one platform accessible via desktop and mobile applications.

This comprehensive approach ensures that both office and field teams are synchronized, reducing the risk of miscommunication and potential utility strikes.  

BOSS811

BOSS811 is a cloud-based One Call Ticket Management solution designed for damage prevention. It's utilized by municipalities, utilities, and contractors to streamline utility requests, increase productivity, and reduce risks. Notable features include:

• Auto-Clear Tickets: Automatically clears tickets based on specific parameters, returning the appropriate response code to the One Call Center without manual intervention.
• GIS Integration: Integrates with GIS Mapping Software and ESRI products, supporting Keyhole Markup Languages (KML/KMZ) for enhanced mapping capabilities.
• Driving Directions: Offers driving directions to create the most efficient route for locate tickets, optimizing field operations.

By leveraging these features, BOSS811 enhances the efficiency and accuracy of the 811 ticket management process.  

Utilocate

Utilocate is a comprehensive damage prevention platform offering a full solution for locate ticket management. It provides:

• Automated Responses: Facilitates automated responses to 811 call centers, contractors, and utilities, ensuring timely communication.
• ESRI Mapping: Built-in decision-making tools and viewers enhance the accuracy of utility mapping.
• Data Collection: Enables the collection of photos and sketches, allowing for detailed documentation of excavation sites.

Utilocate's centralized platform ensures that all data and documents are accessible in one place, streamlining the locate ticket management process.  

How GPRS Complements 811 Services

While you should always contact your local 811 One Call Center prior to digging, you should also hire a professional private utility locating company to locate and map all buried utilities in your intended dig area before you put a shovel or bucket in the ground.

GPRS is the nation’s largest professional private utility locating company. We’ve achieved and maintain a 99.8%+ accuracy rate when locating buried utilities, allowing us to compliment 811 services and the tools that support them.  

Utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) scanners and electromagnetic (EM) locators, our SIM-certified Project Managers collect the accurate, complete data you need to stay on time, on budget, and safe. And this information is always at you and your team’s fingertips thanks to SiteMap^®, our facility & project management application that provides existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of informational output is provided when GPRS conducts a utility locate?

GPRS Project Managers flag and paint their findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

We also use a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor. Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

Can GPR be used to verify known measurements?

We are able to use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans in order to verify the accuracy of plans.

The construction industry is changing, due to 3D printing making it cheaper and faster to construct buildings and other structures.

According to Grand View Research, the North American market for 3D printed construction is projected to reach $816.8 million by 2030, with a 104.4% annual growth rate from 2025 to 2030.

According to the report, 3D printing in construction expedites the prefabrication of building components and production of infrastructure such as modular housing, advanced utility systems, and adaptable public spaces. General contractors, engineers, architects, and developers are recognizing the benefits of integrating 3D printing into their workflows. By experimenting with new design methodologies and leveraging the flexibility of 3D printing, AEC professionals are able to differentiate themselves in a competitive market.

‍

What are the Benefits of 3D Printing in Construction?

3D printing creates three-dimensional objects, and this advanced printing method is used in many sectors around the world due to its versatility, speed of production, and ability to prototype any object. 3D printing is a construction technique that uses digital models to create objects layer by layer. It can be used to prefabricate entire buildings, components, and infrastructure. This technology offers advantages such as lower material waste, faster construction times, and the ability to produce complex architectural designs with intricate details.

3D printing has greatly increased construction productivity, reduced manual labor dependency, and offered architects greater flexibility in designing projects. It offers several benefits, including reduced material waste, faster construction times, and lower labor costs. 3D printing is used to build houses, bridges, and even commercial buildings, making construction more efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective.

‍

What Materials are Used for 3D Printing in Construction?

3D printing in construction uses a variety of materials, including concrete, mortar, plastic, metal, and local natural materials, such as mud and even waste from rice production. The material chosen depends on the project. 3D printing in construction uses a layer-by-layer deposition of materials to prefabricate structures or components. Concrete and mortar are the most used materials for 3D construction.

‍

‍

What is 3D Concrete Printing?

3D concrete printing technology uses large-scale printers to layer concrete or similar building materials to create structures. 3D concrete printing is a manufacturing approach where concrete or cement is printed using a special type of mortar that forms a monolithic structure without the use of traditional formwork. A monolithic structure is a building or object that is constructed from a single, solid piece of material. This process is guided by computer-aided design (CAD) models, allowing for precise, automated construction with minimal waste.

‍

How does 3D Concrete Printing Work?

A 3D concrete printer can print out an object using different methods, depending on the materials and type of printer used. The nozzle in a 3D concrete printer is the most important component that dispenses the mortar used for the printing. The 3D concrete printer’s method is similar to traditional 2D inkjet printing. A layering method is used to create the object. Working from the bottom-up, the 3D printer piles on the concrete layer by layer till the object is completely built. This 3D-printed object is then checked and tested before use. Cement equipment and materials must all work together to achieve a successful print.  There are numerous types of mixers, pumps, and robotics on the market.

‍

What is the 3D Concrete Printing Process?

Design & Modeling: A digital 3D model of the structure is created using BIM (Building Information Modeling) or CAD software, such as Sketchup, TinkerCAD, or Fusion360. Complex construction components undergo simulation testing to identify and resolve potential structural issues before printing.

Slicing: Next, the 3D model is broken down into many layers with a slicing software such as Astroprint. This slicing process must take place because the 3D printer cannot conceptualize a 3D BIM model. The slicing software also tells the printer where to fill the lattices and add support columns for extra stability. After the 3D model is fully sliced, each layer of the model is scanned and the data is sent to the 3D printer.

Printer Setup: The 3D concrete printer is prepared, including loading the mortar and verifying system functionality. Calibration ensures accurate layer deposition before initiating the printing process.

Printing: A 3D concrete printer acts the same way as a traditional inkjet printer. Its nozzle moves up and down as well as back and forth to dispense the mortar. The old layer of mortar is dried before the printer continues to repeat the process on a new layer. It will essentially add thousands of layers on top of one another to create the 3D object.

Quality Inspection: The completed structure is evaluated for defects, ensuring structural integrity and adherence to design specifications before being approved for use.
‍

‍

What Type of Objects Can Be 3D Printed?

The possibilities are endless when it comes to 3D concrete printing. The technology allows for the prefabrication of custom objects not feasible with traditional concrete casting methods. They can be smaller components like façade elements, architectural walls, stairs; or large-scale, fully-printed modular buildings and civil infrastructure.

Architectural Concrete Can Be Used for All Types of Structures

• Commercial Buildings: Parking garages, internal and external architectural elements, and facades
• Residential Buildings: Driveways, sidewalks, internal and external architectural elements, facades, and balconies
• Academic Buildings: Parking garages, sidewalks, internal and external architectural elements, and facades
• Transportation and Infrastructure: Roads, bridges, tunnels, and airports
  ‍

‍

Examples of 3D Concrete Printing in Construction

Walmart Supercenter in Athens, Tennessee

Walmart partnered with Colorado-based Alquist 3D to construct an 8,000-square-foot, 20-foot-high expansion at its Athens, Tennessee retail store, marking its first large-scale use of 3D printed concrete. This addition, designed to expand online pickup and delivery space, is among the largest freestanding 3D printed commercial concrete structures in the U.S.

According to a September 10, 2024 news release, Walmart claims its decision to use 3D construction printing in this expansion aligns with its broader goals of becoming more environmentally friendly, leveraging cutting-edge technology to attract customers and accelerating the construction process.

Printed Farms Luxury Equestrian Facility in Florida

Called the world’s largest 3D-printed building, the 10,105-square foot equestrian facility was reportedly built at a cost of $3.3 million on a 5-acre property that is owned by Wendy Dixon of Nantucket Sport Horses.

According to a COBOD press release, the luxury barn, which is concrete-based and “designed to endure the extreme weather challenges of the hurricane-prone region,” is “almost 50% larger than the previous record-holder in the Middle East.”

Wapakoneta, Ohio Home

Sustainable Concrete Innovations built the state's first 3D-printed home. The home was made with a concrete mixture that makes it resistant to fires and tornadoes.

“Due to the housing shortage, home values in the Columbus area increased by an average of nearly 40 percent in 2023. Now instead of having a crew of four to six guys to build a house, two guys are printing the home," said owner John Smoll, Sustainable Concrete Innovations.

Miami Florida Seawall

Miami-based KindDesigns used a CyBe RC to print concrete seawalls that protect the shores from flooding and sea-level rise. The CyBe RC (Robot Crawler) is a mobile 3D printer that can transport to any location and maneuver over any terrain. The seawall was produced in large sections, with the crawler’s robot arm sculpting a 10-foot long segment out of concrete in just an hour.

It’s faster, less expensive and green – its a win, win, win,” said Patrick Murphy, a former Florida congressman and general contractor with Coastal Construction.  “If we’re going to be serious about climate change, which is something I’m passionate about, the construction industry is a big piece of that that flies under the radar.”

‍

3D Printing is Transforming the Construction Industry

3D printing is transforming the construction industry by offering faster, cost-effective, and sustainable building solutions. Using concrete, mortar, and other materials, 3D printing enables the efficient production of modular homes, commercial buildings, infrastructure, and architectural elements with minimal waste and labor.

‍

Frequently Asked Questions

How can a 3D BIM model be used to create 3D printing in construction?

A 3D BIM (Building Information Modeling) model serves as the digital blueprint for 3D printing in construction, enabling precise and automated fabrication of structures. By integrating BIM with 3D printing, architects, engineers and construction professionals achieve greater accuracy, reduced material waste, and enhanced project efficiency, streamlining the entire design-to-construction workflow.

How can I do feasibility studies to compare 3D concrete printing to traditional construction methods for my project?

Costs associated with 3D concrete printing are best discussed with equipment suppliers. The cost of traditional construction methods depends on the costs of materials and labor in your geographical area. A local general contractor can possibly assist you to make the comparison.

What is concrete scanning or concrete imaging?

Concrete scanning, or concrete imaging, is used to locate rebar, post tension cables, electrical conduits, voids, and more when preparing to cut, core, or drill into a concrete structure. This process primarily involves the use of ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology. This non-destructive detection and imaging method involves sending a radio signal into a structure and reading the “bounce” that occurs when the signal encounters a material. An experienced GPR technician interprets this reading to determine the type of material located.

The Common Ground Alliance (CGA) has introduced a new tool they say will help the damage prevention industry’s ongoing efforts to enhance excavation safety.

The CGA Index, introduced in the CGA’s 2023 DIRT Report and Interactive Dashboard, is meant to serve as a benchmarking tool for year-over-year progress in U.S. damage prevention.

This new model was developed in partnership with Virginia-based market researcher, Hanover Research, and employs a methodology that models annual damages and tracks progress toward the CGA’s 50-in-5 initiative, which was unveiled in February 2023 and challenged the damage prevention industry to cut damages to critical underground utilities in half by 2028.

The Index score for 2023 was 94, which represents a six-point reduction in damages from the CGA’s 2022 baseline of 100. But in her customary introductory letter in the report, CGA President & CEO Sarah K. Magruder Lyle wrote that while encouraging, this initial decline also “underscores the considerable work ahead to reach our goal of reducing damages by 50% over five years.”

“The Index will be instrumental in establishing new areas of damage analysis, measuring progress and focusing our work in the coming years,” she said.

The 2023 DIRT Report data revealed that the top six damage root causes remain consistent and accounted for 76% of incidents for the third consecutive year. These causes include:

• Failure to notify 811
• Excavator failed to maintain clearance
• Facility not marked due to locator error
• Improper excavation practice not listed elsewhere
• Marked inaccurately due to locator error
• Excavator dug prior to verifying marks by potholing

Additionally, the Report found that excavators in 2023 faced 50/50 odds as to whether they were able to begin work on time.

“This hampers efficiency, erodes trust in the entire 811 system and puts lives at risk,” Magruder Lyle wrote. “Addressing this challenge head-on must be a priority for every stakeholder in the coming year.”

Other highlights of the 2023 data:

• Trends including facilities damaged and the type of work causing damages remained consistent with 2022. Telecommunications facilities accounted for nearly half of reported damages, followed by natural gas at about 40%.
• The 2023 DIRT Report separates the previously combined “energy” work type into distinct natural gas and electric categories, which revealed that water/sewer work emerged as the top contributor to damages, followed by telecom and construction/development.
• Excavation/construction stakeholders remained the top source of damage reports for the second consecutive year.

“As we look ahead, the urgency of our mission is clear,” Magruder Lyle wrote. “The continued increase in excavation activities driven by federal and state infrastructure investments present both obstacles and opportunities. It is pushing the limits of our current systems, and also providing us with a chance to demonstrate the transformative power of data-driven decision-making and cross-industry collaboration.

“I challenge each of you to see yourself not just as a stakeholder, but as a change agent in this critical mission,” she continued. “Commit to helping us move closer to our 50-in-5 goal by improving your organization’s data quality, developing targeted programs to reduce top damage drivers, forging deeper collaborations across stakeholder groups, participating in the DPI and being an innovator.”

How GPRS Helps You Prevent Subsurface Damage

The best way to mitigate the risk of subsurface damage on your next excavation project is by following the law and notifying 811 before you break ground – and then hiring a professional private utility locating company like GPRS to provide you with a complete, accurate map of the subsurface utilities on your job site.

Our SIM-certified Project Managers utilize state-of-the-art tools like ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic (EM) locating, which when combined with our industry-leading training program allow them to provide 99.8%+ accurate utility locating services that keep you and your team safe from the dangers of utility strikes.

This accurate, field-verified data is at your fingertips 24/7 thanks to SiteMap^® (patent pending), our project & facility management application that provides accurate existing conditions documentation to protect your assets and people.

Securely accessible from any computer, tablet, or smartphone, SiteMap^® allows you and your project team to plan, design, manage, dig, and ultimately build better by ensuring you’re always working off the same accurate infrastructure data. Eliminate mistakes caused by miscommunications, and ensure you always have control over your data. Because when you control data, you control damage.

From skyscrapers to sewer lines, GPRS Intelligently Visualizes The Built World^® to keep your projects on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

How does GPRS communicate the results of their utility locates?

Our Project Managers flag and paint our findings directly on the surface. This method of communication is the most accurate form of marking when excavation is expected to commence within a few days of service.

GPRS also uses a global positioning system (GPS) to collect data points of findings. We use this data to generate a plan, KMZ file, satellite overlay, or CAD file to permanently preserve results for future use. GPRS does not provide land surveying services. If you need land surveying services, please contact a professional land surveyor.

Please contact us to discuss the pricing and marking options your project may require.

Can GPRS locate PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

Can ground penetrating radar be used to verify known measurements?

We can use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans in order to verify the accuracy of plans.

What are the Benefits of Underground Utility Mapping?

Having an updated and accurate map of your subsurface infrastructure reduces accidents, budget overruns, change orders, and project downtime caused by dangerous and costly subsurface damage.

How does SiteMap^® assist with Utility Mapping?

SiteMap^®, powered by GPRS, is the industry-leading infrastructure management program. It is a single source of truth, housing the 99.8%+ accurate utility locating, concrete scanning, video pipe inspection, leak detection, and 3D laser scanning data our Project Managers collect on your job site. And the best part is you get a complimentary SiteMap^® Personal Subscription when GPRS performs a utility locate for you.

Click here to learn more.

Does SiteMap^® Work with my Existing GIS Platform?

SiteMap^® allows for exporting of data to SHP, GeoJSON, GeoPackage, and DXF directly from any user’s account that either owns or has a job shared to their account. All these file formats can be imported and utilized by other GIS packages if manually imported by the user.

More information can be found at SiteMap.com.

Fire suppression systems are critical components of any building’s fire protection plan, ensuring that fires are swiftly controlled or extinguished before causing significant damage. However, like any mechanical system, these systems are susceptible to leaks.

A leaking fire suppression system can compromise safety, increase maintenance costs, and lead to potential code violations.

Effectively finding and managing leaks in fire suppression systems requires a proactive approach, incorporating advanced leak detection methods and professional services.

The Importance of Identifying and Addressing Leaks

A leak in a fire suppression system can have severe consequences, including:

• Reduced Fire Protection Capability: Leaks can lower water pressure and prevent sprinklers from operating effectively during a fire
• Increased Repair Costs: Undetected leaks can cause long-term damage, leading to costly repairs or system replacement
• Property Damage: Water leaks can cause mold, structural deterioration, and electrical issues
• Regulatory Non-Compliance: Fire codes require that suppression systems be fully operational; a compromised system can lead to fines or legal consequences

Given these risks, it is essential to establish a robust leak detection and management strategy.

Components of a Fire Suppression System and Potential Leak Sources

Fire suppression systems consist of several critical components, each of which can be a source of leaks if not properly maintained:

• Sprinkler Heads: These are the discharge points of the system. A damaged or corroded sprinkler head can develop leaks, particularly if the sealing components deteriorate over time
• Piping Network: Pipes carry water or other suppression agents throughout the system. Corrosion, poor installation, or extreme pressure changes can lead to leaks
• Control Valves: These regulate the flow of water. If a valve is partially open or its seals degrade, leaks can occur at connection points
• Water Storage Tanks: Some suppression systems use storage tanks, which can develop leaks due to structural weaknesses or improper sealing
• Pressure Regulators and Gauges: These components ensure that the system operates at the correct pressure. Faulty pressure regulators can cause excessive pressure fluctuations, leading to leaks in vulnerable areas

Understanding how each component can contribute to system leaks is crucial for identifying and addressing problems before they compromise fire protection capabilities

Signs of a Fire Suppression System Leak

Detecting leaks early can prevent serious consequences. Some common indicators of a leak include:

• Unexplained Drop in Water Pressure: A sudden drop in system pressure may indicate that water is escaping somewhere in the network
• Visible Water Damage: Stains on ceilings, walls, or floors near sprinkler heads or pipes suggest a leak
• Unusual Sounds: Hissing or dripping noises within walls or ceilings can indicate a pressurized water system leak
• Rust or Corrosion: The presence of rust around sprinkler heads or pipes often indicates prolonged exposure to moisture
• Unexpected Water Meter Readings: A fire suppression system that consumes more water than usual without activation should be inspected for leaks

Methods for Finding Fire Suppression System Leaks

Professionals employ several advanced techniques to detect leaks efficiently. The most effective methods include:

Acoustic Leak Detection

Acoustic leak detection involves using sensitive microphones and sensors to detect the sound of water escaping from pipes. This method is particularly effective in pressurized systems where escaping water creates distinct noise patterns. Professionals analyze these sound variations to pinpoint the exact location of the leak.

Leak Detection Correlators

Leak detection, or leak noise correlators are specialized devices that help detect the exact location of a leak in long pipe sections. They work by placing sensors at different points in the piping system. These sensors measure the time it takes for sound waves to travel through the pipe, allowing technicians to determine where the leak is located.

Thermal Imaging

Infrared cameras can detect temperature variations in pipes and surrounding areas, helping to identify moisture accumulation that suggests a leak.

Hydrostatic Testing

Hydrostatic testing involves pressurizing the system with water and monitoring for pressure drops, which indicate potential leaks. This method is often used for large-scale systems to confirm system integrity.

Dye Testing/Dye Tracing

Dye is introduced into the water supply, making leaks visible as colored water escapes from compromised areas.

Managing and Repairing Fire Suppression System Leaks

Once a leak is detected, addressing it promptly is crucial. The following steps outline the best approach to managing leaks:

1. Shut Down the Affected System Area: If a leak is discovered, it is necessary to isolate the affected section to prevent further water damage and maintain system integrity.
2. Assess the Severity of the Leak: Technicians should evaluate the severity of the leak to determine if a simple repair will suffice or if a larger section of the system needs replacement.
3. Conduct Repairs Using Approved Materials: All repairs should be performed using fire code-compliant materials. Depending on the pipe type (steel, copper, or CPVC), different repair methods may be required.
4. Perform a Pressure Test Post-Repair: After the leak is repaired, the system should undergo a pressure test to ensure it is holding water without any further leaks.
5. Restore and Monitor the System: Once repairs are confirmed successful, the fire suppression system can be restored to full functionality. Continuous monitoring in the weeks following repair can help identify any recurring issues.

The Role of Professional Leak Detection Services

While facility managers and building owners can conduct visual inspections and monitor water usage, professional leak detection services are essential for comprehensive leak identification and prevention.

Annual Water Flow Checks

Professional leak detection companies can conduct annual water flow checks to verify that your system is delivering the appropriate water pressure. These tests help identify any potential blockages or leaks that could impact system performance.

Use of Advanced Leak Detection Technology

Professional leak detection companies utilize specialized tools, including acoustic leak detection and leak detection correlators, to accurately locate leaks without unnecessary disruption to building operations.

Ensuring Compliance and Reliability

Professional services ensure compliance with local fire codes and insurance requirements. They also provide documentation verifying that the system has been tested and is functioning correctly.

Preventive Maintenance and Routine Inspections

Engaging a professional leak detection company for routine inspections helps prevent leaks before they become serious problems. Preventive maintenance includes cleaning sprinkler heads, checking pipe integrity, and evaluating system pressure.

GPRS Provides Pinpoint-Accurate Leak Detection For Your Fire Suppression System

Finding and managing fire suppression system leaks is a critical aspect of maintaining a safe and compliant building.

GPRS’ nationwide team of Project Managers can locate leaks in any pressurized water line, including your fire suppression system, to make sure it’s effective when you need it.

Our team utilizes state-of-the-art technology like acoustic leak detection and leak detection correlators, which when combined with our industry-leading training methodology makes us the only leak detection company you’ll need.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

Can you determine the size of a water leak that you have located?

After analyzing thousands of previous leaks detected, GPRS asked clients to send us pictures of the remediation. This information has helped us compare our final leak signal detected with the results of the actual leak. We determine the size of the leak by how far the leak signal travels between contact points and the pitch of the tone received.

GPRS does not, however, produce formal leak estimations.

Why don’t I see any water at the location you’ve pinpointed as the leak?

Water finds the path of least resistance. Water can run through cracks in subsurface rock or make its way into storm, sanitary, and conduit piping. If the subsurface contains a high volume of sand, it will naturally flow farther down. There is no water visible on the surface in more than 99% of the leaks we locate.

In December 2024, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) released the final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for the Ridgeline Expansion Project, proposed by East Tennessee Natural Gas, LLC.

According to a press release from the FERC, this initiative aims to construct approximately 122.2 miles of 30-inch-diameter pipeline across multiple counties in Tennessee, enhancing natural gas transportation capacity to the Tennessee Valley Authority’s Kingston Fossil Plant. The project's scope includes not only the new pipeline but also the removal of about 24 miles of previously abandoned pipeline segments, which will be replaced with the new mainline pipe in the same trench.

The EIS concluded that, with proper mitigation measures, the project's environmental impacts would be less than significant. This determination underscores the critical importance of meticulous planning and data accuracy in large-scale utility expansion projects. A pivotal aspect of such planning is the accurate capture of subsurface infrastructure data.

The Importance of Accurate Subsurface Data

Subsurface infrastructure encompasses a complex network of utilities, including water pipes, gas lines, electrical cables, and telecommunications fibers. Accurate mapping of these underground assets is essential for several reasons:

1. ‍Safety Assurance: Unintended strikes on underground utilities during excavation can lead to hazardous situations, endangering workers and the public. Precise subsurface data helps prevent such incidents by informing construction teams of existing utility locations.
2. ‍Cost Efficiency: Unexpected encounters with uncharted utilities can cause project delays and escalate costs due to repairs and legal liabilities. Investing in accurate subsurface mapping can lead to significant cost savings by reducing these unforeseen expenses.
3. ‍Design Optimization: Comprehensive knowledge of subsurface conditions allows engineers to design projects that avoid conflicts with existing utilities, streamlining the construction process and enhancing overall project efficiency.

Subsurface Utility Engineering (SUE): A Structured Approach

To systematically manage subsurface data, the industry employs Subsurface Utility Engineering (SUE), a practice that integrates civil engineering with advanced geophysical technologies. SUE classifies utility data into four quality levels, each representing a different degree of accuracy:

• Quality Level D (QL-D): Information derived from existing records or verbal accounts
• Quality Level C (QL-C): Data obtained by surveying visible utility features and correlating them with existing records
• Quality Level B (QL-B): Application of surface geophysical methods to detect and map the horizontal position of subsurface utilities
• Quality Level A (QL-A): Precise mapping through non-destructive exposure methods, providing exact horizontal and vertical positions of utilities

Implementing SUE practices ensures a higher degree of confidence in subsurface data, thereby mitigating risks associated with utility conflicts during construction.

GPRS uses SUE Level 2-equivalent methodology and equipment to locate underground utilities with an accuracy rate of 99.8%. While we don’t conduct SUE work ourselves, our services allow a SUE Level 1 investigation to be performed more efficiently, eliminating the need to waste thousands of dollars on exploratory potholing.

Click here to learn more.

Technological Advancements in Utility Mapping

Recent technological innovations have significantly enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of subsurface utility mapping. Some of the technologies employed by professional utility locating companies include:

• Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR): Utilizes radar pulses to image the subsurface, allowing for locating and mapping of buried utilities
• Electromagnetic (EM) Locating: Detects the electromagnetic signals radiating from metallic pipes and cables
• Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Integrates spatial data into comprehensive maps, facilitating better planning and decision-making

These tools, when used in conjunction, provide a detailed and accurate representation of underground utilities, essential for the successful execution of large-scale projects.

Let GPRS Provide You With Accurate, Complete Infrastructure Data

The Ridgeline Expansion Project exemplifies the complexities involved in modern utility infrastructure development. Accurate subsurface infrastructure data capture is not merely a procedural formality but a foundational element that ensures safety, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency. As utility networks continue to expand and evolve, the integration of precise subsurface data into planning and implementation processes will remain indispensable for the successful delivery of large-scale projects.

GPRS utilizes industry-leading technology, training, and methodology to help you Intelligently Visualize The Built World^® while staying on time, on budget, and safe.

What can we help you visualize?

Frequently Asked Questions

Can you find PVC piping and other non-conductive utilities?

GPR scanning is exceptionally effective at locating all types of subsurface materials. There are times when PVC pipes do not provide an adequate signal to ground penetrating radar equipment and can’t be properly located by traditional methods. However, GPRS Project Managers are expertly trained at multiple methods of utility locating.

Can GPR be used to verify known measurements?

We can use GPR to cross-check the measured depth and location of a located utility with existing as-built plans in order to verify the accuracy of plans.